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Recently, the Digital Twin (DT) technology, which joints the physical environment and virtual space, has drawn more attention in industry and research academic plans. In general, the virtual model representations of the physical objects are created in the DT manner to simulates the characteristics and behaviors of the real-word system. Applying a supervisory system not only can reduce the failures of components, but also preserve the overall costs associated with the system at a minimum. This paper reviews the DT applications in the power system, while its advantages in wind turbines, solar panels, power electronic converter, and shipboard electrical system will be briefly discussed. The potential benefits of contemporary technologies to ameliorate the DT in the industry are studied. Besides, it provides a great technique to assess and analyze system performance. As a basis for DT, various new emerging developments as an example of artificial intelligence (AI), big data, the internet of things (IoT), and 5 G are reviewed.

To simplify decision making of market participants, a careful and reliable electricity market price forecasting method is indispensable. Nevertheless, due to the Instability in market clearing prices (MCPs), it is rather tough to forecast MCPs accurately. Using probabilistic forecasting is a new solution to overcome the low accuracy of forecast. Transformation from traditional point forecasts to probabilistic interval forecasts is too important to model the uncertainties of forecasts. Thus the decision making activities of market participants are supported against uncertainties and risks effectively. In this paper a hybrid approach to achieve prediction intervals (PIs) of MCPs is proposed that modified dolphin echolocation optimization algorithm (MDEOA) is applied to estimate point forecasts, model uncertainties, and noise variance. This proposed electricity price probabilistic forecasting method is evaluated by a generalized and comprehensive framework. To test the proposed hybrid method, real price data from Ontario, New England, and, Australian electricity markets are used and effectiveness of the method is validated.

This paper introduces a novel hybrid control strategy, namely an optimal adaptive fuzzy sliding mode OAFSM control scheme, to realize the synchronization of general uncertain chaotic systems in master-slave configuration. The proposed controller not only guaranties the stability and robustness against the lumped uncertainties caused by unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances, but also significantly reduces the control chattering inherent in conventional sliding mode control. The chaos synchronization is obtained by optimal proper choice of the control parameters including the sliding surface and the reaching law parameters. To achieve this, a bio-mimetic algorithm namely bacterial foraging optimization algorithm BFOA is employed. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the validity and confirm the performance of the proposed scheme.

This paper suggests a new hybrid control strategy, called Optimal Type II Fuzzy Sliding Mode (OT2FSM) control scheme, to realize the control of general uncertain chaotic systems. The proposed controller not only guaranties the stability and robustness against the lumped uncertainties caused by unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances, but also can significantly reduce the control chattering inherent in conventional sliding mode control. In the proposed controller, a novel heuristic algorithm namely particle swarm optimization with random inertia weight (RNW–PSO) is employed. To achieve an optimal performance, the parameters of the proposed controller as well as the input and output membership functions are optimized simultaneously by RNW–PSO. The globally asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is mathematically proved. To evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, the results are compared with those obtained by Optimal H-infinity Adaptive PID (OHAPID) controller and an optimal Type-2 fuzzy proportional integral derivative (OT2FPID), which are the latest researches in the problem in hand. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the OT2FSM controller.

This paper provides an optimal controlling approach for a class of nonlinear systems with structured and unstructured uncertainties using fuzzy sliding mode control. First known dynamics of the system are eliminated through feedback linearization and then optimal fuzzy sliding mode controller is designed using an intelligent fuzzy controller based on Sugeno-Type structure. The proposed controller is optimized by a novel heuristic algorithm namely Particle Swarm Optimization with random inertia Weight RNW-PSO. In order to handle, the uncertainties Lyapunov method is used. There are no signs of the undesired chattering phenomenon in the proposed method. The globally asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is mathematically proved. Finally, this control method is applied to the inverted pendulum system as a case study. Simulation results show desirability of the system performance.