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The peculiarities of the swimmers' respiratory system response to a special physical load were studied. The swimmers of high sports qualification aged 16-18 years old, who specialize in swimming at distances of various lengths, underwent the examination. At the first stage, we used exercises aimed at enhancing the anaerobic work power in swimming. At the second stage, the parameters of the swimmers' respiratory system response to the load in aerobic and anaerobic zone were studied. At the third stage of the study, the changes of the swimmers' respiratory functions under physical loads at the level of MOC (maximum oxygen consumption) were researched. The investigation of respiratory system functions of stayer swimmers was conducted with the use of a Spirolab-3 spirometer (spirograph). We found that the recovery of qualified swimmers can be activated when aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism are combined. The results of the study confirm that the swimmers' respiratory functions influence the processes of recovery of their working capacity after being exposed to multidirectional physical loads. The sprinters' anaerobic mechanisms of muscle function are better developed. The stayers' aerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism function better. In order to activate the recovery of qualified swimmers, it is advisable to combine aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open-water marathon swimming with fins demands high levels of physical fitness from the athletes. The highest emphasis is placed on improving the general and speed endurance. This can only be achieved through targeted impact on the physiological structures of marathon swimmers, accounting for the individual characteristics of the mechanism behind the energy supply for muscle activity. Analysis of the literature has revealed that most works on training of marathon swimmers in fins do not provide sufficient data accounting for the individual specifics of the mechanism supplying energy for the athlete's muscle activity during training for competitions. This greatly limits the possibilities for differentiating the techniques and methods for improving general and speed endurance. Furthermore, methods for improving general and speed endurance in open-water marathon swimmers with fins, with different types of energy metabolism serving as the differentiation criterion, have not received sufficient attention. The existing system for training marathon swimmers in fins; for competitions does not offer satisfactory options accounting for the energy supply mechanism of muscle activity during practice. The system's main drawback is in the general approach to training of marathon swimmers in fins, which does not allow effectively increasing the general endurance and speeding endurance. Our findings indicate that the techniques and methods for training marathon swimmers in fins accounting for the individual characteristics of the mechanism for energy supply of muscular activity play a prominent role in improving the efficiency of training athletes for competitions. This actually helps athletes to achieve better results in training and in competitions. We have established that properly organized training sessions accounting for the individual characteristics of the energy supply mechanism of muscular activity have a higher efficiency. Studies have shown that the goals of developing general and speed endurance should be achieved in training marathon swimmers in fins in open water. General endurance is necessary for athletes to maintain high speed during the race, and speed endurance is necessary for building up speed at the finish. We have confirmed that special tasks during such training should be solved allowing for the individual characteristics of the mechanism for energy supply of muscular activity in marathon swimmers. The article reports on the results obtained for a training model developed for open-water marathon swimmers in fins, accounting for the individual peculiarities of the mechanism for energy supply to the athletes' muscular activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performed investigations have shown that development of coordination potential of MMA (Mixed Martial Arts) fighters represents a complex process. Training of fighters to use new different actions should be realized with gradual increase of their coordination complexity. It was established that while mastering new actions the sportsmen not only enrich their motional skill, but also develop a power to realize new forms of physical coordination. Such a treatment of development of coordination potential of MMA fighters was adopted as a basis for development of pedagogical practice comprised of three stages. At the first stage, estimation of developmental level of coordination potential of MMA fighters is carried out. At the second stage, mastering of new actions is fulfilled based on gradual increase of their coordination complexity as well as based on development of power to realize new forms of physical coordination. At the third stage, improvement of different types of coordination potential is carried out based on exercising of differentiated tools and methods of fighters training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article contains results from authors' provision of rationale for a pedagogical pattern's structure of a selfguided physical training of futsal referees by means of individual assignments. The pattern defines both main points of a self-guided physical training by means of individual assignments amid preparations of futsal referees and training results-of physical skills required to preside over a game of futsal. We invite to consider the main performance indicators of a self-guided physical training of futsal referees by means of individual assignments to be referees' speed endurance and quickness of recovery upon load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study substantiates pedagogical conditions necessary for effective speed-strength training of young football players, such as careful selection of children and their retention throughout the whole period of football education; differentiation and individualization of speed-strength training of young football players; selection of the most effective means of developing speed and strength in young football players; balance of means of developing speed and strength of young football players. Less important conditions include efficient use of time allotted for speed-strength training; maintenance of high team morale; efficient use of fitness equipment, kettlebells, barbells, and other means of speed-strength training of young football players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]