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The study provides a much-needed understanding of how non-visitors form naive destination food images. Specifically, it uses Projective Techniques to identify Egyptian food perceptions held by Americans who never visited Egypt nor tried Egyptian food. Nine food image dimensions were identified: health and nutrition, food culture and heritage, distinctiveness, food quality and variety, flavor profile, cooking methods and ingredients, price and informality, dining places, and table manners. The study showed that non-visitors visualize a destination's food and cuisine based on its cultural and environmental features. It also shows that non-visitors derive their naive destination food images in part from their home country food experiences and places they have visited. Although this study is based on individuals with no Egyptian food experience, it suggests that many secondary experiences influence food images formation.

Over the past few years, researchers have studied the topic of online consumer feedback. Most of these studies focus on consumer decision making, and managing a hotel's image. Consequently, more research could explore consumer-generated feedback from the viewpoint of hotel operations and service quality improvement. The present research explored the ways in which hotel General Managers use feedback from consumers (namely online), experts, and internal sources to improve service quality. A combination of a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews were utilized. The study targeted General Managers of upscale hotels. Quantitative data was analyzed using multiple and simple regression analysis, correlations, and ANOVA. Results demonstrate that General Managers pay unequal amounts of time and effort to evaluating the various types of feedback. Furthermore, there were also significant differences in the perceived reliability of each source. The present research discovered a strong link between customer satisfaction survey scores and online reviews, as reported by General Managers. The reviews of consumers and experts also displayed significant relationships.