Search

The bound state of one NS5 brane (wrapped on a 핋4) and N NS1-branes has two dual descriptions: its low-energy dynamics is described by the symmetric orbifold of 핋4, while the near horizon geometry is captured by string theory on AdS3 × S3 × 핋4 with one unit of NS flux. The latter theory is exactly solvable in the hybrid formalism, and this allows one to prove the equivalence of the two descriptions. In this paper we extend this duality to ℤk orbifolds of this AdS3 × S3 background. In particular, we show that the corresponding worldsheet spectrum reproduces exactly the perturbative excitations on top of a certain non-perturbative state in the dual symmetric orbifold theory. Since the AdS/CFT duality map is exact for these models, we obtain an interesting picture of how the duality relates boundary and bulk descriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a correction notice for an article published in the Journal of High Energy Physics. The correction identifies an error in figure 4 of the paper, specifically the T-value shown on the plot. The correction states that this error is cosmetic and does not affect any other aspects of the paper. The correction notice includes a corrected version of figure 4. The article appears to be related to the search for CP violation in the phase space of D0 → π− π+ π0 decays with the energy test. [Extracted from the article]

We show that a large subclass of 3d N = 4 quiver gauge theories consisting of unitary and special unitary gauge nodes with only fundamental/bifundamental matter have multiple Seiberg-like IR duals. A generic quiver T in this subclass has a non-zero number of balanced special unitary gauge nodes and it is a good theory in the Gaiotto-Witten sense. We refer to this phenomenon as IR N-ality and the set of mutually IR dual theories as the N-al set associated with the quiver T . Starting from T , we construct a sequence of dualities by step-wise implementing a set of quiver mutations which act locally on the gauge nodes. The associated N-al theories can then be read off from this duality sequence. The quiver T generically has an emergent Coulomb branch global symmetry in the IR, such that the rank of the IR symmetry is always greater than the rank visible in the UV. We show that there exists at least one theory in the N-al set for which the rank of the IR symmetry precisely matches the rank of the UV symmetry. In certain special cases that we discuss in this work, the correct emergent symmetry algebra itself may be read off from this preferred theory (or theories) in addition to the correct rank. Finally, we give a recipe for constructing the 3d mirror associated with a given N-al set and show how the emergent Coulomb branch symmetry of T is realized as a UV-manifest Higgs branch symmetry of the 3d mirror. This paper is the second in a series of four papers on 3d N = 4 Seiberg-like dualities, preceded by the work [1]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real time holography is studied in the context of the embedding space formalism. In the first part of this paper, we present matching conditions for on-shell integer spin fields when going from Euclidean to Lorentzian signature on AdS background. Using the BTZ black hole as an example, we discuss various ways of lifting the physical solution from the AdS surface to the whole embedding space. The BTZ propagator for higher spin field is expressed elegantly in terms of the embedding coordinates. In the second part of the paper, we develop the proposed duality between higher spin theory and vector models. We obtain a specific map between the field configurations of these two theories in real time, so called Lorentzian AdS/CFT map. We conclude by exploring the matching conditions for higher spin fields satisfying the proposed bulk quadratic action. The physical and ghost modes can be treated independently during the Wick rotation; only physical modes are considered to be external modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1984, 't Hooft famously used a brickwall (aka stretched horizon) to compute black hole entropy up to a numerical pre-factor. This calculation is sometimes interpreted as due to the entanglement of the modes across the horizon, but more operationally, it is simply an indirect count of the semi-classical modes trapped between the stretched horizon and the angular momentum barrier. Because the calculation was indirect, it needed both the mass and the temperature of the black hole as inputs, to reproduce the area. A more conventional statistical mechanics calculation should be able to get the entropy, once the ensemble is specified (say via the energy, in a microcanonical setting). In this paper, we explicitly compute black hole normal modes in various examples, numerically as well as (in various regimes) analytically. The explicit knowledge of normal modes allows us to reproduce both the Hawking temperature as well as the entropy, once the charges are specified, making this a conventional statistical mechanics calculation. A quasi-degeneracy in the angular quantum numbers is directly responsible for the area scaling of the entropy, and is the key distinction between the Planckian black body calculation (volume scaling) and the 't Hooftian calculation (area scaling). We discuss the (rotating) BTZ case in detail and match the thermodynamic quantities exactly. Schwarzschild and Kerr normal modes are discussed in less detail using near-horizon approximations. Our calculations reveal a new hierarchy in the angular quantum numbers, which we speculate is related to string theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Left Right Symmetric Model (LRSM) being an extension of the Standard model of particle physics incorporates within itself Type-I and Type-II seesaw mass terms naturally. Both the mass terms can have significant amount of contribution to the resulting light neutrino mass within the model and hence on the different phenomenology associated within. In this paper, we have thoroughly analyzed and discussed the implications of specifying different weightages to both the mass terms and also the study has been carried out for different values of which is mass of the right-handed gauge boson. This paper also gives a deeper insight into the new physics contributions of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (0νββ) and their variations with the net baryon asymmetry arising out of the model. Therefore, the main objective of the present paper rests on investigating the implications of imposing different weightage to the type-I and type-II seesaw terms and different values of on the new physics contributions of 0νββ and net baryon asymmetry arising out as a result of resonant leptogenesis. LRSM in this work has been realized using modular group of level 3, Γ(3) which is isomorphic to non-abelian discrete symmetry group A4, the advantage being the non-requirement of flavons within the model and hence maintaining the minimality of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently proposed duality relates the critical level limit of WZW models to a classical three-dimensional Einstein gravity on a sphere. In this paper, we propose a dimensional reduced version of this duality. The gravity side is reduced to a Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity on S2 with a non-standard boundary term, or a BF theory with SU(2) gauge symmetry. At least in low temperature limit, these two-dimensional gravity theories completely capture the original three-dimensional gravity effect. The CFT side is reduced to a certain complex Liouville quantum mechanics (LQM) with SU(2) gauge symmetry. Our proposal gives an interesting example of a holography without boundary. We also discuss a higher-spin generalization with SU(N) gauge symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent observations on type III algebras in AdS/CFT raise the possibility that smoothness of the black hole horizon is an emergent feature of the large-N limit. In this paper, we present a bulk model for the finite-N mechanism underlying this transition. We quantize a free scalar field on a BTZ black hole with a Planckian stretched horizon placed as a Dirichlet boundary for the field. This is a tractable model for the stretched horizon that does not ignore the angular directions, and it defines a black hole vacuum which has similarities to (but is distinct from) the Boulware state. Using analytic approximations for the normal modes, we first improve upon 't Hooft's brick wall calculation: we are able to match both the entropy and the temperature, exactly. Emboldened by this, we compute the boundary Wightman function of the scalar field in a typical pure state built on our stretched horizon vacuum, at an energy sliver at the mass of the black hole. A key result is that despite the manifest lack of smoothness, this single-sided pure state calculation yields precisely the Hartle-Hawking thermal correlator associated to the smooth horizon, in the small-GN limit. At finite GN, there are variance corrections that are suppressed as O e − S BH / 2 . They become important at late times and resolve Maldacena's information paradox. Highly excited typical pure states on the stretched horizon vacuum are therefore models for black hole microstates, while the smooth horizon describes the thermal state. We note that heavy excited states on the stretched horizon are better defined than the vacuum itself. These results suggest that complementarity in the bulk EFT could arise from a UV complete bulk description in which the black hole interior is not manifest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conjectured duality between color and kinematics has significantly advanced our understanding of both gauge and gravitational theories. However, constructing numerators that manifest the color-kinematics (CK) duality, even for the two-loop four-gluon amplitude in pure Yang-Mills, has been challenging. In this paper, we revisit this amplitude and show that the difficulty of applying CK duality can be overcome by introducing a simple deformation. Our approach distinguishes itself from previous studies by maximizing the use of off-shell CK duality while maintaining a compact ansatz. In particular, the deformation we introduce satisfies a subset of off-shell dual Jacobi relations. The resulting numerators are presented in d-dimensionally Lorentz invariant local form and are applicable to all helicities of external gluons. The solution we provide can be directly employed to construct the corresponding gravitational amplitude through double copy. Our findings suggest a novel and efficient strategy for constructing high-loop gauge and gravitational amplitudes using CK duality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kerr-Newman de Sitter (KNdS) spacetimes have a rich thermodynamic structure that involves multiple horizons, and so differs in key respects from asymptotically flat or AdS black holes. In this paper, we show that certain features of KNdS spacetimes can be reproduced by a constrained system of N non-interacting spins in a magnetic field. Both the KNdS and spin systems have bounded energy and entropy, a maximum of the entropy in the interior of the energy range, and a symmetry that maps lower energy states to higher energy states with the same entropy. Consequently, both systems have a temperature that can be positive or negative, where the gravitational temperature is defined analogously to that of the spins. We find that the number of spins N corresponds to 1/Λ for black holes with very small charge q and rotation parameter a, and scales like a 2 + q 2 / Λ for larger values of a and q. These comparisons show that certain key features of the complex thermodynamics of KNdS spacetimes are reproduced by a simple system of noninteracting spins, suggesting that there may be a relatively simple effective description of quantum de Sitter black holes in terms of a finite dimensional Hilbert space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiments at particle colliders are the primary source of insight into physics at microscopic scales. Searches at these facilities often rely on optimization of analyses targeting specific models of new physics. Increasingly, however, data-driven model-agnostic approaches based on machine learning are also being explored. A major challenge is that such methods can be highly sensitive to the presence of many irrelevant features in the data. This paper presents Boosted Decision Tree (BDT)-based techniques to improve anomaly detection in the presence of many irrelevant features. First, a BDT classifier is shown to be more robust than neural networks for the Classification Without Labels approach to finding resonant excesses assuming independence of resonant and non-resonant observables. Next, a tree-based probability density estimator using copula transformations demonstrates significant stability and improved performance over normalizing flows as irrelevant features are added. The results make a compelling case for further development of tree-based algorithms for more robust resonant anomaly detection in high energy physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a recent paper [arXiv:2308.00038], Anupam, Chowdhury, and Sen conjectured that the finite temperature Euclidean five-dimensional Cvetic-Youm solution saturating the BPS bound is supersymmetric. In this paper, we explicitly construct Killing spinors for this solution in five-dimensional minimal supergravity. We also expand on the previous discussions of Killing spinors for the finite temperature Euclidean Kerr-Newman solution saturating the BPS bound. For both these cases, we show that the total charge gets divided into two harmonic sources on three-dimensional flat base space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We derive a general formula for two-loop counterterms in Effective Field Theories (EFTs) using a geometric approach. This formula allows the two-loop results of our previous paper to be applied to a wide range of theories. The two-loop results hold for loop graphs in EFTs where the interaction vertices contain operators of arbitrarily high dimension, but at most two derivatives. We also extend our previous one-loop result to include operators with an arbitrary number of derivatives, as long as there is at most one derivative acting on each field. The final result for the two-loop counterterms is written in terms of geometric quantities such as the Riemann curvature tensor of the scalar manifold and its covariant derivatives. As applications of our results, we give the two-loop counterterms and renormalization group equations for the O(n) EFT to dimension six, the scalar sector of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) to dimension six, and chiral perturbation theory to order p6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fracton phases of matter constitute an interesting point of contact between condensed matter and high-energy physics. The limited mobility property of fracton quasi-particles finds applications in many different contexts, including quantum information, spin liquids, elasticity, hydrodynamics, gravity and holography. In this paper we adopt a field theoretical approach to investigate the three dimensional action of a rank-2 symmetric tensor field invariant under the covariant fracton symmetry. The theory appears as a non-topological higher rank generalization of the ordinary Chern-Simons model, depending only on the traceless part of the tensor gauge field. After defining a field strength, a rank-2 traceless “electric” field and a “magnetic” vector field are identified, in analogy with the standard Chern-Simons ones. Once matter is introduced, a Hall-like behaviour with fractonic features emerges. In particular, our model shows a Hall-like dipole current, together with a vectorial “flux-attachment” relation for dipoles. This gives a possible starting point for a fracton-vortex duality. A gauge-fixing term is then introduced, from which propagators are computed and the counting of the degrees of freedom is performed. Finally, the energy-momentum tensor is shown to be conserved and the integrated energy density is proved to be zero, which reminds the topological nature of the standard Chern-Simons model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is the bulk Hilbert space of quantum gravity? In this paper, we resolve this problem in 2d JT gravity, both with and without matter, providing an explicit definition of a non-perturbative Hilbert space specified in terms of metric variables. The states are wavefunctions of the length and matter state, but with a non-trivial and highly degenerate inner product. We explicitly identify the null states, and discuss their importance for defining operators non-perturbatively. To highlight the power of the formalism we developed, we study the non-perturbative effects for two bulk linear operators that may serve as proxies for the experience of an observer falling into a two-sided black hole: one captures the length of an Einstein-Rosen bridge and the other captures the center-of-mass collision energy between two particles falling from opposite sides. We track the behavior of these operators up to times of order e S BH , at which point the wavefunction spreads to the complete set of eigenstates of these operators. If these observables are indeed good proxies for the experience of an infalling observer, our results indicate an O(1) probability of detecting a firewall at late times that is self-averaging and universal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New low-mass particles with very small couplings to standard model particles that travel significant distances before decaying are interesting candidates to address some of the most intriguing questions of modern physics. In this paper, I propose to extend the LHC’s research program by installing a gaseous fixed target referred to as SHIFT at around 160 meters from the CMS interaction point. When the LHC proton beam collides with this target, interactions at a center of mass energy of ≈113 GeV would occur. The particles produced in such collisions, or their decay products, would travel through the rock and other material on their path, potentially reaching the CMS detector where they can be registered and studied. Such an approach would allow us to access otherwise uncovered regions of parameters phase space at a relatively low cost since it does not require constructing a new detector. Various aspects such as angular and lifetime coverage or material survival probability have been studied. The results are interpreted within two new physics models, namely, the Dark Photons and the Hidden Valley scenarios, and compared with the standard proton-proton physics program of CMS. A comparison is also made with the fixed target program at LHCb, as well as parasitic detectors such as FASER or MATHUSLA. The obtained results indicate that, despite assuming just 1% of the nominal CMS luminosity to be available to SHIFT, the physics reach could be extended by a factor of up to 150 (1000) for Dark Photon (Hidden Valley) scenarios, depending on the signal model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study of correlation functions in AdS/CFT and in-in correlators in de Sitter space often requires the computation of Witten diagrams. Due to the complexity of evaluating radial integrals for these correlators, several indirect approaches have been developed to simplify computations. However, in momentum space, these methods have been limited to fields with integer spin. In this paper, we formulate tools for evaluating Witten diagrams with spin − 1 2 fields in momentum space and discuss where they differ from the corresponding integer-spin analysis. We formulate our tools explicitly for massless fermions and present how appropriate Weight shifting operators with respect to the external kinematics can be used to obtain the generalization to fermions with integer mass (in units of 1/lAdS). We apply these tools to loop Witten diagrams and also discuss their use for evaluating in-in correlators in dS. In cases where we can evaluate the loop integrals, we find their transcendentality is lower than the corresponding scalar field results. Further, we classify the nature of IR divergences encountered for interacting massive scalars and fermions. We also prove a novel Weinberg-like soft theorem for gauge fields coupled to matter in AdS and show that the universal terms in the leading soft factor are sensitive to the spin of the matter field. These generalize the recently discovered soft theorems for pure Yang-Mills to Yang-Mills with matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study a non-minimal gauged U 1 L μ − L τ model, where we add two complex singlet scalars, three right-handed Majorana neutrinos (RHN), and a vector-like dark fermion to the Standard Model (SM), all non-trivially charged under the extra gauge symmetry. The model offers an easy resolution to the muon (g – 2) anomaly, which fixes the scale of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Furthermore, the two-zero minor structure in the RHN mass matrix provides successful predictions for neutrino oscillation parameters, including the Dirac phase. The extended scalar sector can easily induce first-order phase transitions. We identify all possible phase transition patterns in the three-dimensional field space. We quantify the associated gravitational waves from the sound wave source and demonstrate that the signatures can be observed in future space-based experiments. We find that strong first-order phase transitions require large values of scalar quartic couplings which constrain the scalar dark matter (DM) relic density to a maximum of 10−2 and 10−5 when we consider the DM direct detection bound. Nonetheless, the model successfully explains the DM relic density via contribution from the vector-like dark fermion. We show the allowed range of the model parameters that can address all the beyond SM issues targeted in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Celestial scattering amplitudes for massless particles are Mellin transforms of momentum-space scattering amplitudes with respect to the energies of the external particles, and behave as conformal correlators on the celestial sphere. However, there are few explicit cases of well-defined celestial amplitudes, particularly for gravitational theories: the mixing between low- and high-energy scales induced by the Mellin transform generically yields divergent integrals. In this paper, we argue that the most natural object to consider is the gravitational amplitude dressed by an oscillating phase arising from semi-classical effects known as eikonal exponentiation. This leads to gravitational celestial amplitudes which are analytic, apart from a set of poles at integer negative conformal dimensions, whose degree and residues we characterize. We also study the large conformal dimension limits, and provide an asymptotic series representation for these celestial eikonal amplitudes. Our investigation covers two different frameworks, related by eikonal exponentiation: 2 → 2 scattering of scalars in flat spacetime and 1 → 1 scattering of a probe scalar particle in a curved, stationary spacetime. These provide data which any putative celestial dual for Minkowski, shockwave or black hole spacetimes must reproduce. We also derive dispersion and monodromy relations for these celestial amplitudes and discuss Carrollian eikonal-probe amplitudes in curved spacetimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we test and extend a proposal of Gu, Pei, and Zhang for an application of decomposition to three-dimensional theories with one-form symmetries and to quantum K theory. The theories themselves do not decompose, but, OPEs of parallel one-dimensional objects (such as Wilson lines) and dimensional reductions to two dimensions do decompose, sometimes in two independent ways. We apply this to extend conjectures for quantum K theory rings of gerbes (realized by three-dimensional gauge theories with one-form symmetries) via both orbifold partition functions and gauged linear sigma models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1/c-expansion of general relativity appropriately sourced by matter can be used to derive an action principle for Newtonian gravity. The gravitational part of this action is known as non-relativistic gravity (NRG). It is possible to source NRG differently and in such a way that one can construct solutions that are not described by Newtonian gravity (as they do not admit a notion of absolute time). It is possible to include a negative cosmological constant such that NRG admits a non-relativistic AdS solution. This non-relativistic AdS vacuum has Killing vectors that form the Galilean conformal algebra and a boundary that admits a conformal class of Newton-Cartan geometries. This begs the question of whether there exists an analogue of the fluid/gravity correspondence for NRG. In this paper we derive a non-relativistic AdS brane solution of NRG and confirm that it corresponds to the 1/c2-expansion of the AdS black brane geometry. We perform a Galilean boost of the non-relativistic AdS brane and derive the associated boundary energy-momentum tensor. We then show that this is the energy-momentum tensor of a massless Galilean fluid and explain how this is linked to the conformal isometries of the boundary. Along the way, we also present several new results for the theory of non-relativistic gravity itself. In particular we present a rewriting that greatly shortens and simplifies the equations of motion of the NRG action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study a conformal field theory with cubic anisotropic symmetry in presence of a line defect. We compute the correlators of the low lying defect operators using Feynman diagrams and derive explicit expressions for the two, three and four point defect correlators at the cubic fixed point in 4 – ϵ dimensions to O(ϵ). We also compute the defect g-function for this setup and demonstrate that this is in agreement with the g-theorem, which states that the g-function is monotonic under the renormalisation group flow along the defect. Next, we focus on conformal bootstrap techniques to determine the CFT data associated with the defect operators, which is the main objective of the paper. We utilize the framework of crossing symmetric Polyakov bootstrap and compute the averaged CFT data to O(ϵ) up to a finite number of ambiguities. We comment on unmixing the CFT data for the double trace operators at O(ϵ) and use this to compute the O(ϵ2) data. Finally, we study these defect correlators non-perturbatively using numerical methods and isolate them near the free theory limit close to four dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deriving an effective massless field theory for fluctuations about a braneworld spacetime requires analysis of the transverse-space-wavefunction’s second-order differential equation. There can be two strikingly different types of effective theory. For a supersymmetric braneworld, one involves a technically consistent embedding of a supergravity theory on the worldvolume; the other can produce, in certain situations, a genuine localisation of gravity near the worldvolume but not via a technically consistent embedding. So, in the latter situation, the theory’s dynamics remains higher-dimensional but there can still be a lower-dimensional effective-theory interpretation of the dynamics at low worldvolume momenta / large worldvolume distances. This paper examines the conditions for such a gravity localisation to be possible. Localising gravity about braneworld spacetimes requires finding solutions to transverse-space self-adjoint Sturm-Liouville problems admitting a normalisable zero mode in the noncompact transverse space. This in turn requires analysis of Sturm-Liouville problems with radial singular endpoints following a formalism originating in the work of Hermann Weyl. Examples of such gravity-localising braneworld systems are found and analysed in this formalism with underlying “skeleton” braneworlds of Salam-Sezgin, resolved D3-brane and Randall-Sundrum II types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the AdS/CFT correspondence, the causal structure of the bulk AdS spacetime is tied to entanglement in the dual CFT. This relationship is captured by the connected wedge theorem [1], which states that a bulk scattering process implies the existence of O(1/GN) entanglement between associated boundary subregions. In this paper, we study the connected wedge theorem in two asymptotically AdS2+1 spacetimes: the conical defect and BTZ black hole geometries. In these settings, we find that bulk scattering processes require not just large entanglement, but also additional restrictions related to candidate RT surfaces which are non-minimal. We argue these extra relationships imply a certain CFT entanglement structure involving internal degrees of freedom. Because bulk scattering relies on sub-AdS scale physics, this supports the idea that sub-AdS scale locality emerges from internal degrees of freedom. While the new restriction that we identify on non-minimal surfaces is stronger than the initial statement of the connected wedge theorem, we find that it is necessary but still not sufficient to imply bulk scattering in mixed states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new type of quiver theories, denoted twin quivers, was recently introduced for studying 5d SCFTs engineered by webs of 5-branes ending on 7-branes. Twin quivers provide an alternative perspective on various aspects of such webs, including Hanany-Witten moves and the s-rule. More ambitiously, they can be regarded as a first step towards the construction of combinatorial objects, generalizing brane tilings, encoding the corresponding BPS quivers. This paper continues the investigation of twin quivers, focusing on their non-uniqueness, which stems from the multiplicity of toric phases for a given toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold. We find that the different twin quivers are necessary for describing what we call quiver tails, which in turn correspond to certain sub-configurations in the webs. More generally, the multiplicity of twin quivers captures the roots of the Higgs branch in the extended Coulomb branch of 5d theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we discuss how gauging one-form symmetries in Chern-Simons theories is implemented in an A-twisted topological open string theory. For example, the contribution from a fixed H/Z bundle on a three-manifold M, arising in a BZ gauging of H Chern-Simons, for Z a finite subgroup of the center of H, is described by an open string worldsheet theory whose bulk is a sigma model with target a Z-gerbe (a bundle of one-form symmetries) over T∗M, of characteristic class determined by the H/Z bundle. We give a worldsheet picture of the decomposition of one-form-symmetry-gauged Chern-Simons in three dimensions, and we describe how a target-space constraint on bundles arising in the gauged Chern-Simons theory has a natural worldsheet realization. Our proposal provides examples of the expected correspondence between worldsheet global higher-form symmetries, and target-space gauged higher-form symmetries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study phase transitions in a maximally symmetric composite Higgs model with next-to-minimal coset, where a pseudoscalar singlet emerges alongside the Higgs doublet. The maximal symmetry guarantees the finiteness of the radiatively generated scalar potential. We explore the scenario involving an explicit source of CP violation in the strong sector, which induces a ℤ2 asymmetric scalar potential, and consequently leads to nonzero vacuum expectation value for the singlet. Current experimental bounds from the LHC are imposed on the masses of the composite resonances, while the CP violating interactions of the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons are tightly constrained from the measurements of the electric dipole moment of the electron. We compute the finite temperature corrections to the potential, incorporating the momentum-dependent form factors in the loop integrals to capture the effect of the strong dynamics. The impact of the resonances from the strong sector on the finite temperature potential are exponentially suppressed. The presence of explicit CP violation leads to strong first-order phase transition from a false vacuum to the electroweak vacuum where the pseudoscalar singlet has a non-zero vacuum expectation value. We illustrate that, as a result of such phase transitions, the production of potentially observable gravitational waves at future detectors will offer a complementary avenue to probe the composite Higgs models, distinct from collider experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the symmetry properties of the complete family of type D spacetimes generalized form the Plebański-Demiański solution in four dimensions holographically in terms of a warped CFT. The generalized Plebański-Demiański solutions are black hole-like spacetimes characterized by seven physical parameters. Most of the black holes in four dimensions are included within this family. Generically consider a solution with horizon in this family, we figure out the possible warped conformal symmetry attached to the horizon. The horizon can be either extremal or non-extremal. In the extremal case, the near horizon region can be mapped to an infinite spacetime with geometry given by a warped and twist product of AdS2 and S2. The new boundary conditions for AdS2 as well as their higher dimensional uplifts are applied here to manifest the asymptotic symmetry as the warped conformal symmetry. In the non-extremal case, the global warped conformal symmetry is singled out by analyzing the scalar wave equation with constant frequency. The local warped conformal symmetries are represented by the charge algebra associated to the vector fields which preserve the scalar wave equation as well as its frequency. In defining the variation of the covariant charges, a proper counterterm is introduced for consistency conditions which is supposed to be suitable for all the solutions within the family. As a consistency check, the horizon entropy is reproduced by the entropy formula of the warped CFT by using its modular covariance and the central terms derived in the bulk spacetimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new perspective on integrability in theories of gravity. We show how the stationary, axisymmetric sector of General Relativity can be described by the boundary dynamics of a four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory. This approach shows promise for simplifying solution generating methods in both General Relativity and higher-dimensional supergravity theories. The four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory presented generalises those for flat space integrable models by introducing a space-time dependent branch cut in the spectral plane. We also make contact with twistor space approaches to integrability, showing how the branch cut defects of four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory arise from a discrete reduction of six-dimensional Chern-Simons theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In AdS/CFT partition functions of decoupled copies of the CFT factorize. In bulk computations of such quantities contributions from spacetime wormholes which link separate asymptotic boundaries threaten to spoil this property, leading to a “factorization puzzle.” Certain simple models like JT gravity have wormholes, but bulk computations in them correspond to averages over an ensemble of boundary systems. These averages need not factorize. We can formulate a toy version of the factorization puzzle in such models by focusing on a specific member of the ensemble where partition functions will again factorize. As Coleman and Giddings-Strominger pointed out in the 1980s, fixed members of ensembles are described in the bulk by “α-states” in a many-universe Hilbert space. In this paper we analyze in detail the bulk mechanism for factorization in such α-states in the topological model introduced by Marolf and Maxfield (the “MM model”) and in JT gravity. In these models geometric calculations in α states are poorly controlled. We circumvent this complication by working in approximate α states where bulk calculations just involve the simplest topologies: disks and cylinders. One of our main results is an effective description of the factorization mechanism. In this effective description the many-universe contributions from the full α state are replaced by a small number of effective boundaries. Our motivation in constructing this effective description, and more generally in studying these simple ensemble models, is that the lessons learned might have wider applicability. In fact the effective description lines up with a recent discussion of the SYK model with fixed couplings [1]. We conclude with some discussion about the possible applicability of this effective model in more general contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the existence of complex spectrum in T T ¯ -deformed CFTs, in this paper we revisit the broadly studied topic of (holographic) entanglement entropy in the deformed theory to investigate its complex behaviour. As a concrete example, we show that in case of a 1+1 dimensional holographic CFT at finite temperature β−1 and chemical potential Ω, the holographic entanglement entropy in the deformed theory remains to be real only within the range − β 2 8 π 2 1 − Ω 2 2 Ω 2 < μ < β 2 8 π 2 1 − Ω 2 of the deformation parameter. While the upper bound overlaps with the familiar Hagedorn bound in the deformed theory, the novel lower bound on the negative values of the deformation parameter does not show up in thermodynamic quantities. However, from a holographic perspective we show that this intriguing lower bound is related to a spacelike to null transition of the associated Ryu-Takayanagi surface in the deformed geometry. We also investigate the Quantum Null Energy Condition in the deformed theory, within its regime of validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the pioneering work of Nielsen and collaborators, the length of the minimal geodesic in a geometric realization of a suitable operator space provides a measure of the quantum complexity of an operation. Compared with the original concept of complexity based on the minimal number of gates required to construct the desired operation as a product, this geometrical approach amounts to a more concrete and computable definition, but its evaluation is nontrivial in systems with a high-dimensional Hilbert space. The geometrical formulation can more easily be evaluated by considering the geometry associated with a suitable finite-dimensional group generated by a small number of relevant operators of the system. In this way, the method has been applied in particular to the harmonic oscillator, which is also of interest in the present paper. However, subtle and previously unrecognized issues of group theory can lead to unforeseen complications, motivating a new formulation that remains on the level of the underlying Lie algebras for most of the required steps. Novel insights about complexity can thereby be found in a low-dimensional setting, with the potential of systematic extensions to higher dimensions as well as interactions. Specific examples include the quantum complexity of various target unitary operators associated with a harmonic oscillator, inverted harmonic oscillator, and coupled harmonic oscillators. The generality of this approach is demonstrated by an application to an anharmonic oscillator with a cubic term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finsler geometry is a natural generalization of (pseudo-)Riemannian geometry, where the line element is not the square root of a quadratic form but a more general homogeneous function. Parameterizing this in terms of symmetric tensors suggests a possible interpretation in terms of higher-spin fields. We will see here that, at linear level in these fields, the Finsler version of the Ricci tensor leads to the curved-space Fronsdal equation for all spins, plus a Stueckelberg-like coupling. Nonlinear terms can also be systematically analyzed, suggesting a possible interacting structure. No particular choice of spacetime dimension is needed. The Stueckelberg mechanism breaks gauge transformations to a redundancy that does not change the geometry. This creates a serious issue: non-transverse modes are not eliminated, at least for the versions of Finsler dynamics examined in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we compute 1-loop corrections to the bispectrum in the decoupling limit of the Effective Field Theory of Inflation (EFToI). We regulate the divergences by employing dimensional regularization and work in d = 3 + δ dimensions. We find that the final results feature analytic structures of the form log (ki/kT) and log (H/μ), where H is the Hubble parameter and μ is the renormalisation scale. An interesting outcome of our calculations is that unlike the 1-loop correction to the power-spectrum computed in [1] the unrenormalised answers always produce unphysical logarithms of co-moving momenta. These unphysical logarithms are cancelled only after renormalisation. We expect this to be a generic feature for loop computations unless there is some cancellation as in the previously computed 1-loop result for the power-spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops an enlarged BRST framework to treat the large gauge transformations of a given quantum field theory. It determines the associated infinitely many Noether charges stemming from a gauge fixed and BRST invariant Lagrangian, a result that cannot be obtained from Noether’s second theorem. The geometrical significance of this result is highlighted by the construction of a trigraded BRST covariant phase space, allowing a BRST invariant gauge fixing procedure. This provides an appropriate framework for determining the conserved BRST Noether current of the global BRST symmetry and the associated global Noether charges. The latter are found to be equivalent with the usual classical corner charges of large gauge transformations. It allows one to prove the gauge independence of their physical effects at the perturbative quantum level. In particular, the underlying BRST fundamental canonical relation provides the same graded symplectic brackets as in the classical covariant phase space. A unified Lagrangian Ward identity for small and large gauge transformations is built. It consistently decouples into a bulk part for small gauge transformations, which is the standard BRST-BV quantum master equation, and a boundary part for large gauge transformations. The boundary part provides a perturbation theory origin for the invariance of the Hamiltonian physical -matrix under asymptotic symmetries. Holographic anomalies for the boundary Ward identity are studied and found to be solutions of a codimension one Wess-Zumino consistency condition. Such solutions are studied in the context of extended BMS symmetry. Their existence clarifies the status of the 1-loop correction to the subleading soft graviton theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large N quasi-fermionic Chern-Simons-matter theories have an approximate higher-spin symmetry that strongly constrains their correlation functions. In particular, the 3-point functions for generic spins are combinations of 3 structures (with specific dependence on the positions and helicities), and the coupling-dependence of the coefficient of each structure is uniquely determined. In the past few years, several relations between different structures were found. In this paper we show that all the relations between the structures follow from (or, conversely, they imply) a specific form written by Skvortsov for the vertices of the dual higher-spin gravity theory on four-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, when written in spinor-helicity variables. The dual bulk theory has a specific limit where it simplifies and becomes a “chiral higher-spin gravity theory”, and we discuss what can be said about this limit in the dual Chern-Simons-matter theories, where it involves an analytic continuation to complex couplings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate a field-theoretical model that describes the interaction between kinks and antikinks and between kinks and other heterogeneous fields and impurities. We show that the long-range kink can tunnel through a barrier created by heterogeneous fields and impurities even when the energy of the center of mass of the kink is less than the height of the energy barrier. We also study the conditions under which the kink can pass freely through a disordered medium. We introduce the concept of “effective translational symmetry”. We compare our results with those from recent papers published in this journal, where the Bogomol’nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield property is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently we have constructed a completely supersymmetric nonlinear action possessing the properties expected from multiple D0-brane system. Its quantization should result in an interesting supersymmetric field theory in the (super)space with additional matrix coordinates which can provide an important insights in the study of String Theory. As a first stage toward this aim, in this paper we construct the Hamiltonian mechanics and perform covariant quantization of the simplest three dimensional counterpart of the ten dimensional multiple D0-brane model. We obtain a supersymmetric system of equations in a (super)spacetime enlarged by bosonic and fermionic matrix coordinates which appears as a result of such quantization and discuss some of its properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the common parameter space of dark matter and leptogenesis in the U(1)B−L symmetry. This model involves a complex scalar ϕ, sterile neutrinos N, and Majorana dark matter χ, where only dark matter χ is charged under the Z2 symmetry. Masses of N and χ are generated via the Yukawa interactions to ϕ after breaking of the U(1)B−L symmetry. TeV scale sterile neutrinos N are responsible for the generation of baryon asymmetry through the resonance leptogenesis mechanism. The new particles in the U(1)B−L have a significant impact on the dilution of N, thus on leptogenesis. Meanwhile, the annihilation processes of dark matter χ are almost identical to that of N, which indicates that both leptogenesis and dark matter are closely related to satisfying the observed results simultaneously. Under various theoretical and experimental constraints, the viable common parameter space of dark matter and leptogenesis is obtained for both global and local U(1)B−L symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The canonical (CQG) and asymptotically safe (ASQG) approach to quantum gravity share to be both non-perturbative programmes. However, apart from that they seem to differ in several aspects such as: 1. Signature: CQG is Lorentzian while ASQG is mostly Euclidian. 2. Background Independence (BI): CQG is manifesly BI while ASQG is apparently not. 3. Truncations: CQG is apparently free of truncations while ASQG makes heavy use of them. The purpose of the present work is to either overcome actual differences or to explain why apparent differences are actually absent. Thereby we intend to enhance the contact and communication between the two communities. The focus of this contribution is on conceptual issues rather than deep technical details such has high order truncations. On the other hand the paper tries to be self-contained in order to be useful to researchers from both communities. The point of contact is the path integral formulation of Lorentzian CQG in its reduced phase space formulation which yields the formal generating functional of physical (i.e. gauge invariant) either Schwinger or Feynman N-point functions for (relational) observables. The corresponding effective actions of these generating functionals can then be subjected to the ASQG Wetterich type flow equations which serve in particular to find the rigorous generating fuctionals via the inverse Legendre transform of the fixed pointed effective action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microstate geometries are proposed microstates of black holes which can be described within supergravity. Even though their number may not reproduce the full entropy of black holes with finite-sized horizons, they still offer a glimpse into the microscopic structure of black holes. In this paper we construct a new set of microstate geometries of the supersymmetric D1-D5-P black hole, where the momentum charge is carried by a vector field, as seen from the perspective of six-dimensional supergravity. To aid our construction, we develop an algorithm which solves a complicated partial differential equation using the regularity of the geometries. The new solutions are asymptotically AdS3 × S3, and have a long, but finite AdS2 throat that caps off without ever developing a horizon. These microstate geometries have a holographic interpretation as coherent superpositions of heavy states in the boundary D1-D5 CFT. We identify the states which are dual to our newly constructed solutions and carry out some basic consistency checks to support our identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a new prescription to account for heavy quark mass effects in the determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs) based on the FONLL scheme. Our prescription makes explicit use of the freedom to choose the number of active flavors at a given scale and, thus, use coexisting PDFs with different active flavor number. This new prescription is perturbatively equivalent to the former but improves the implementation in two ways. First, it can be naturally generalized to account simultaneously for multiple heavy quark effects, such as charm and bottom effects, which can both be relevant at the same scale due to the small mass difference. Second, it can be trivially generalized to use at any fixed-order or collinear resummed accuracy, while previous prescriptions required ad-hoc expansions of the DGLAP evolution kernels for each coefficient. We supplement the paper with codes for the computation of deep inelastic scattering observables in this new prescription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

KM3NeT/ORCA is a water Cherenkov neutrino detector under construction and anchored at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. The detector is designed to study oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos and determine the neutrino mass ordering. This paper focuses on an initial configuration of ORCA, referred to as ORCA6, which comprises six out of the foreseen 115 detection units of photo-sensors. A high-purity neutrino sample was extracted, corresponding to an exposure of 433 kton-years. The sample of 5828 neutrino candidates is analysed following a binned log-likelihood method in the reconstructed energy and cosine of the zenith angle. The atmospheric oscillation parameters are measured to be sin 2 θ 23 = 0.51 − 0.05 + 0.04 , and Δ m 31 2 = 2.18 − 0.35 + 0.25 × 10 − 3 eV 2 ∪ − 2.25 − 1.76 × 10 − 3 eV2 at 68% CL. The inverted neutrino mass ordering hypothesis is disfavoured with a p-value of 0.25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mass-induced neutrino oscillation is a well established phenomenon that is based on the unitary mixing among three light active neutrinos. Remarkable precision on neutrino mixing parameters over the last decade or so has opened up the prospects for testing the possible non-unitarity of the standard 3ν mixing matrix, which may arise in the seesaw extensions of the Standard Model due to the admixture of three light active neutrinos with heavy isosinglet neutrinos. Because of this non-unitary neutrino mixing (NUNM), the oscillation probabilities among the three active neutrinos would be altered as compared to the probabilities obtained assuming a unitary 3ν mixing matrix. In such a NUNM scenario, neutrinos can experience an additional matter effect due to the neutral current interactions with the ambient neutrons. Atmospheric neutrinos having access to a wide range of energies and baselines can experience a significant modifications in Earth’s matter effect due to NUNM. In this paper, we study in detail how the NUNM parameter α32 affects the muon neutrino and antineutrino survival probabilities in a different way. Then, we place a comparable and complementary constraint on α32 in a model independent fashion using the proposed 50 kt magnetized Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector under the India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) project, which can efficiently detect the atmospheric νμ and ν ¯ μ separately in the multi-GeV energy range. Further, we discuss the advantage of charge identification capability of ICAL and the impact of uncertainties in oscillation parameters while constraining α32. We also compare the α32 sensitivity of ICAL with that of future long-baseline experiments DUNE and T2HK in isolation and combination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism is applied to quantise the N = 1 supersymmetric generalisation of the Freedman-Townsend (FT) model, which was proposed by Lindström and Roček in 1983 in Minkowski superspace and is lifted to a supergravity background in this paper. This super FT theory describes a non-Abelian tensor multiplet and is known to be classically equivalent to a supersymmetric nonlinear sigma model. Using path integral considerations, we demonstrate that this equivalence holds at the quantum level in the sense that the quantum supercurrents in the two theories coincide. A modified Faddeev-Popov procedure is employed to quantise models for the N = 2 tensor multiplet in harmonic superspace. The obtained results agree with those derived by applying the Batalin-Vilkovisky scheme within the harmonic superspace setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]