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In this paper, we study the hierarchy sensitivity of Protvino to ORCA (P2O) experiment in three flavour scenario as well as its sensitivity to non-standard interactions (NSI) in neutrino propagation. Because of the largest possible baseline length of 2595 km, P2O is expected to have strong sensitivity towards neutrino mass hierarchy and NSI parameters. In our study, we show that even though the number of appearance channel events for the minimal configuration of P2O are higher compared to DUNE, still the hierarchy sensitivity of P2O is less than DUNE because of large background events. Our results show that for a background reduction factor of 0.46 and appearance channel background systematic normalization error of 4%, the hierarchy sensitivity of P2O becomes equivalent of DUNE for δCP = 195°. We call this configuration of P2O as optimized P2O. Regarding the study of NSI, we find that, for ϵeμ (ϵeτ) sensitivity of DUNE is similar (better) as compared to optimized P2O when both ϵeμ and ϵeτ are included in the analysis. Our results show that in presence of NSI, the change of hierarchy sensitivity with respect to standard three flavor scenario, is higher in P2O as compared to DUNE. Further, hierarchy sensitivity in presence of NSI is lower (higher) than sensitivity in the standard three flavour scenario for δCP = 270°(90°). It is important to note that hierarchy sensitivity of optimized P2O does not get significantly better than DUNE for the current favourable values of δCP which is 180° < δCP< 360° as obtained by the global analysis in both standard three flavour and in presence of NSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently in JHEP09 (2021) 053, Wang et al. discussed the polynomial ring formed by flavor invariants in the leptonic sector with massive Majorana neutrinos. They have explicitly constructed the finite generating sets of the polynomial rings for both two-generation scenario and three-generation scenario. However, Wang et al.'s claim of the finiteness of the generating sets of the polynomial rings and their calculation by the approach of Hilbert series with generalized Molien-Weyl formula are both based on their assertion that the unitary group U(n, ℂ) is reductive, which is unfortunately incorrect. The property of being reductive is only applicable to linear algebraic groups. And it is well-known that the unitary group U(n, ℂ) is not even a linear algebraic group. In this paper, we point out the above issue and provide a solution to fill in the accompanying logical gaps in JHEP09 (2021) 053. Some important results from the theory of linear algebraic group, the invariant theory of square matrices and group theory are needed in the analysis. We also clarify some somewhat misleading or vague statements in JHEP09 (2021) 053 about the scope of flavor invariants. Note that, although built from incorrect assertion, Wang et al.'s calculation results in JHEP09 (2021) 053 are nonetheless correct, which is ultimately because the ring of invariants of U(n, ℂ) is isomorphic to that of GL(n, ℂ) which is itself reductive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine the leptonic flavor invariants in the minimal see-saw model (MSM), in which only two right-handed neutrino singlets are added into the Standard Model in order to accommodate tiny neutrino masses and explain cosmological matter-antimatter asymmetry via leptogenesis mechanism. For the first time, we calculate the Hilbert series (HS) for the leptonic flavor invariants in the MSM. With the HS we demonstrate that there are totally 38 basic flavor invariants, among which 18 invariants are CP-odd and the others are CP-even. Moreover, we explicitly construct these basic invariants, and any other flavor invariants in the MSM can be decomposed into the polynomials of them. Interestingly, we find that any flavor invariants in the effective theory at the low-energy scale can be expressed as rational functions of those in the full MSM at the high-energy scale. Practical applications to the phenomenological studies of the MSM, such as the sufficient and necessary conditions for CP conservation and CP asymmetries in leptogenesis, are also briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we accomplish the complete one-loop matching of the type-I seesaw model onto the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), by integrating out three heavy Majorana neutrinos with the functional approach. It turns out that only 31 dimension-six operators (barring flavor structures and Hermitian conjugates) in the Warsaw basis of the SMEFT can be obtained, and most of them appear at the one-loop level. The Wilson coefficients of these 31 dimension-six operators are computed up to O (M−2) with M being the mass scale of heavy Majorana neutrinos. As the effects of heavy Majorana neutrinos are encoded in the Wilson coefficients of these higher-dimensional operators, a complete one-loop matching is useful to explore the low-energy phenomenological consequences of the type-I seesaw model. In addition, the threshold corrections to the couplings in the Standard Model and to the coefficient of the dimension-five operator are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the quest for unification of the Standard Model with gravity, classical scale invariance can be utilized to dynamically generate the Planck mass MPl. However, the relation of Planck scale physics to the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking μH requires further explanation. In this paper, we propose a model that uses the spontaneous breaking of scale invariance in the scalar sector as a unified origin for dynamical generation of both scales. Using the Gildener-Weinberg approximation, only one scalar acquires a vacuum expectation value of υS ∼ (1016−17) GeV, thus radiatively generating M P 1 ≈ β S 1 / 2 υ S and μH via the neutrino option with right handed neutrino masses mN = yMυS ∼ 107 GeV. Consequently, active SM neutrinos are given a mass with the inclusion of a type-I seesaw mechanism. Furthermore, we adopt an unbroken Z2 symmetry and a Z2-odd set of right-handed Majorana neutrinos χ that do not take part in the neutrino option and are able to produce the correct dark matter relic abundance (dominantly) via inflaton decay. The model also describes cosmic inflation and the inflationary CMB observables are predicted to interpolate between those of R2 and linear chaotic inflationary model and are thus well within the strongest experimental constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the near future, the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay experiments will hopefully reach the sensitivity of a few meV to the effective neutrino mass |mββ|. In this paper, we tentatively examine the sensitivity of future 0νββ-decay experiments to neutrino masses and Majorana CP phases by following the Bayesian statistical approach. Provided experimental setups corresponding to the experimental sensitivity of |mββ| ≃ 1 meV, the null observation of 0νββ decays in the case of normal neutrino mass ordering leads to a very competitive bound on the lightest neutrino mass m1. Namely, the 95% credible interval in the Bayesian approach turns out to be 1.6 meV ≲ m1 ≲ 7.3 meV or 0.3 meV ≲ m1 ≲ 5.6 meV when the uniform prior on m1/eV or on log10(m1/eV) is adopted. Moreover, one of two Majorana CP phases is strictly constrained, i.e., 140° ≲ ρ ≲ 220° for both scenarios of prior distributions of m1. In contrast, if a relatively worse experimental sensitivity of |mββ| ≃ 10 meV is assumed, the constraint on the lightest neutrino mass becomes accordingly 0.6 meV ≲ m1 ≲ 26 meV or 0 ≲ m1 ≲ 6.1 meV, while two Majorana CP phases will be essentially unconstrained. In the same statistical framework, the prospects for the determination of neutrino mass ordering and the discrimination between Majorana and Dirac nature of massive neutrinos in the 0νββ-decay experiments are also discussed. Given the experimental sensitivity of |mββ| ≃ 10 meV (or 1 meV), the strength of evidence to exclude the Majorana nature under the null observation of 0νββ decays is found to be inconclusive (or strong), no matter which of two priors on m1 is taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clockwork (CW) mechanism can explain the smallness of neutrino masses without introducing unnaturally small input parameters. In this paper we study the simplest CW neutrino model, the "uniform" clockwork, as well as a broader class of "generalized" clockwork models. We derive constraints on such models from lepton-flavor violating processes, as well as precision electroweak fits. These constraints allow excited CW neutrino states with masses of order 100 GeV–1 TeV, within reach of the LHC and proposed lepton colliders, as long as the input neutrino Yukawa coupling is of order 10−1–10−2. We study collider phenomenology of these models. At the LHC, models with light (∼ 100 GeV) CW neutrinos can be discovered using the signature. Lepton colliders will be able to discover the CW neutrinos as long as they are within their kinematic range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]