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Magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared to support Pd/Fe nanoparticles, inhibit the aggregation and passivation, and achieve magnetic separation to avoid the environmental risk of nanoparticles. Rapid adsorption of initial contaminant, steady dechlorination, and gradual desorption of final product was observed. The micromorphology, chemical structure, and components of the nanohybrids were comprehensively characterized by a series of analysis technologies, such as EDX, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The interactions between the nanohybrids compositions were discussed according to the characterization and experimental data. The whole insight of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) adsorption- dechlorination-desorption was studied in detail, including the pathways, influence factors, dechlorination kinetics and selectivity. Weak acidity (pH = 5.0 and 6.5) favored the 2,4-DCP removal. Satisfactory reactivity of the Pd/Fe-Fe 3 O 4 @MWCNTs nanohybrids was observed in five consecutive runs, and 99.2%, 89.6%, 92.1%, 99.8%, and 99.9% of 2,4-DCP was removed, respectively. Most of the final product (phenol) was steadily desorbed to the liquid phase, resulted in the re-exposure of active sites on the nanohybrids and maintained a longer activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel composite adsorbent (HBC–Fe 3 O 4 –MnO 2 ) was synthesized by combining honeycomb briquette cinders (HBC) with Fe 3 O 4 and MnO 2 through a co-precipitation process. The purpose was to make the best use of the oxidative property of MnO 2 and the adsorptive ability of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 for enhanced As(III) and As(V) removal from aqueous solutions. Experimental results showed that the adsorption capacity of As(III) was observed to be much higher than As(V). The maximum adsorption capacity (2.16 mg/g) was achieved for As(III) by using HBC–Fe 3 O 4 –MnO 2 (3:2) as compared to HBC–Fe 3 O 4 –MnO 2 (2:1) and HBC–Fe 3 O 4 –MnO 2 (1:1). The experimental data of As(V) adsorption fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, whereas As(III) data was described perfectly by Freundlich model. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was fitted well for the entire adsorption process of As(III) and As(V) suggesting that the adsorption is a rate-controlling step. Aqueous solution pH was found to greatly affect the adsorption behavior. Furthermore, co-ions including HCO 3 − and PO 4 3− exhibited greater influence on arsenic removal efficiency, whereas Cl − , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− were found to have negligible effects on arsenic removal. Five consecutive adsorption-regeneration cycles confirmed that the adsorbent could be reusable for successive arsenic treatment and can be used in real treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper describes the use of highly reactive magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles-stabilized Fe0 nanocomposites for the reduction and mitigation of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) species in aqueous solutions. Higher proportions of Fe3O4 in the nanocomposites could increase the rate of Cr(VI) reduction. In the absence of magnetite, the Cr(VI) mitigation rate was just 51.4% after 60min of reaction, while with an initial Fe3O4 mass loading of 3gl−1, the Cr(VI) mitigation rate was nearly 100% after 60min. The optimal ratio of Fe3O4:Fe0 for the mitigation of Cr(VI) was found to be 40:1. Otherwise, solution pHs significantly affected the rate of Cr(VI) reduction, with reactions occurring more rapidly under acidic or neutral than basic conditions. It is hypothesized that the high efficiency of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles-stabilized Fe0 nanocomposites for Cr(VI) reduction was a direct result of the attachment of Fe0 nanoparticles to the surface of magnetite, which prevents the aggregation of nano-Fe0, moreover, the electron transfer during the reduction process most likely takes place via Fe0 nanoparticles that are located at the magnetite octahedral sites, which are versatile redox centers as they can accommodate both Fe(III) and Fe(II), and this will promote the reduction of Cr(VI). Cr(VI) reduction is coupled with nano-Fe0 oxidation. Nano-Fe0 particles are located at the magnetite octahedral sites. Ions of Fe(II) and Fe(III) accommodated by magnetite octahedral sites are products of nano-Fe0 oxidation. Therefore, Cr(VI) reduction is mediated either by nano-Fe0 (direct reduction) or Fe(II) species (indirect reduction). Additionally, catalytic Cr(VI) reduction by molecular H2 (or atomic H) is possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]