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Background: According to the World Health Organization's 2023 estimates, 1.3 billion people worldwide, i.e., 1 in 6 people or 16% of the total world population, are seriously physically or mentally disabled. Changing disability/handicap/disablement (DHD) regulations and statutes may cause different DHD rates for the same injury. The presented study aims to determine whether the DHD rate of cases evaluated under any regulation/statute changes under other regulations or statutes, and if so, to what extent this change occurs. Materials and Methods: In the study, DHD rates calculated according to different regulations and statutes on 100 cases at two different universities were also calculated according to other regulations and statutes divided into four groups as A, B, C and D, and the differences between them were calculated statistically. Results: In the study, DED reports belonging to 100 people (mean age: 31.4±16.0), 70 men and 30 women, were evaluated. Statistically significant differences were found in 5 out of a total of six comparisons made according to different regulations and statutes. Conclusions: It was predicted that organizing joint scientific meetings in the fields of medicine and law and gathering VET calculations under a single guide, taking into account international standards and characteristics such as the person's profession, age and gender, would prevent both loss of rights and unjust gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To evaluate thyroid functions, thyroid ultrasonography (USG) findings and to determine the frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto thyroiditis) in patients with Turner syndrome (TS). Materials and Methods: 25 patients diagnosed with Turner syndrome (mean age 16.3±4.44 years) and 25 healthy girls (mean age 16.3±3.66 years) were included in the study as a control group. Both groups were evaluated in terms of clinical and cytogenetic features. Thyroid function tests (TFT), antithyroglobulin (anti TG) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti TPO) for autoimmune thyroiditis, and thyroid USG examinations were performed in all children included in the study. Chi-square, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon Rank Sum and linear correlation tests were used to evaluate the test results. Results: As a result of the study, cytogenetic analysis of 25 patients diagnosed with TS revealed 45,X0 in 13 cases (52%); mosaicism was detected in the X chromosome in 9 (36%) cases, and structural anomaly in the X chromosome was detected in 3 (12%) cases. Seven (28%) of the patients with TS had thyroid pathology including TFT abnormality, autoantibody positivity, or abnormal USG findings. The presence of thyroid autoantibodies was significantly higher in the TS group (p = 0.03). Anti-TG and anti-TPO positivity was detected in 5 patients (20%). Only 1 of the TS patients in whom no antibodies were detected had hypothyroidism. In the control group, TFT was within normal limits. Hypothyroidism was statistically significantly higher in TS patients than in the control group (p<0.05). Three of the 5 patients with positive thyroid antibodies had lymphocytic thyroiditis findings on thyroid USG. The thyroid antibody positivity and pathological USG findings were evaluated with linear correlation, a significant relationship was detected between the two parameters (p <0.05). There was no significant statistical relationship between HT thyroiditis and karyotype (p>0.05). Conclusions: The 20% antithyroid antibody positivity rate obtained in our study supports the high frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis in TS. Thyroid antibody positivity and pathological USG findings are correlated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: When fetal echocardiographic examination is performed by experienced people, the postnatal accuracy rate is highand has a positive effect on mortality and morbidity in newborns. In our study, we aimed to analyze the prenatal data and postnatal outcomes of the patients who underwent fetal echocardiography. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with patients who underwent fetal echocardiography in our clinic between August 2020 and December 2021. The patients were grouped as high-risk and low-risk patients according to fetal echocardiography indications, and intergroup analysis was performed. Results: The study was conducted with a total of 365 patients. The mean age of the patients was 30.81±5.9 years, and the gestational week was calculated as 24.97±4.28 weeks. Patients, 14 (3.8%) were multiple pregnancies, 131 (35.9%) were primiparous. When compared with the p renatal d iagnoses o f t he patients whose postnatal echocardiography results could be reached, the prenatal diagnosis accuracy rate was found to be 95.6%. As The most common fetal echocardiography indication was suspicion of heart disease in fetal ultrasonography. Congenital heart disease was detected in fetal echocardiography i n 8 4 (23%) of the patients, the most common anomaly was ventricular septal defect. While 230 (63%) of the patients were in the high-risk group according to fetal echocardiography indication, 135 (37%) were in the low-risk group. In the analysis, a significant increase was found in high-risk patients compared to low-risk patients, especially in terms of important cardiac pathologies (p<0.001). Conclusions: Fetal echocardiography is highly diagnostic when performed by experienced people. It was concluded that fetal echocardiographic examination should be routinely performed in high-risk patients for fetal heart disease, and fetal echocardiography should be performed in low-risk patients if fetal ultrasonography is suspicious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Leishmania genus. The most commonly preferred treatment option for CL treatment is pentavalent antimony compounds. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of patients diagnosed with CL treated with systemic antimony. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 52 patients diagnosed with CL and treated with systemic antimony in our skin and venereal diseases clinic between May 2018 and May 2020. The clinical and demographic characteristics recorded in the patients' files were examined. Systemic antimony (intramuscular meglumine antimonate (IM MA)) was administered Results: 30 (57.7%) of the patients in our study w ere female a nd 22 (42.3%) were male. The average age of the patients was 26.5±14.23 years. Lesions were most frequently located in the facial region, and noduloulcerative type lesions were most frequently seen. The diagnosis of CL was made by observing amastigotes in the cutaneous smear in 48 (92.3%) patients and in the histopathological examination of the lesioned skin in 4 (7.7%) patients. When the patients receiving IM MA treatment were evaluated at the 12th week in terms of treatment response, complete clinical recovery of the lesions was observed in 50 (96.1%) patients and partial clinical improvement was observed in 2 (3.9%) patients. Conclusions: As a result, the data in our study were similar to the clinical and demographic data on CL previously published in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The causative agents and antibiotic resistances causing neonatal sepsis can vary according to the units. In this study, we aimed to analyze infants diagnosed with culture-confirmed late-onset neonatal sepsis in terms of frequency, etiologic factors, causative microorganisms and antibiotic resistance. Materials and Methods: The data of the patients monitored in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital between 2018 and 2023 were obtained from infection control committee records, patient files, and the hospital data system. Among 1641 hospitalized cases during the specified period, 218 cases diagnosed with culture-confirmed late-onset neonatal sepsis were included in the study. Results: 218 cases that were detected late-onset neonatal sepsis out of 1641 blood cultures examined for sepsis suspicion were included during the study period. 76.1 % of the cases were receiving invasive mechanical ventilator support. 23.9 % had picc lines, 55.5% had umbilical catheters, and 68.8 % had total parenteral nutrition. Among the isolates obtained from blood cultures taken after the third day of the study, 67 % were gram-negative agents. Among the gram negative agents, 43.1% were Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mortality rates were significantly higher in female cases and those receiving central venous catheters and invasive mechanical ventilator support. When the causative agents of sepsis were analyzed, mortality rates were significantly higher in cases with gram-negative agents (p < 0.05). For Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, the resistance rates were found to be, respectively: 96.6% and 40% for Ampicillin, 83.1% and 55% for Gentamicin, 72.9% and 75% for Ceftazidime, 25.4% and 10% for Amikacin, 16.9% and 10% for Imipenem/Meropenem, 6.8% and 0% for Colistin, and 5.1% and 15.8% for Levofloxacin. Conclusions: The microorganisms detected in neonatal intensive care units and antibiotic resistance of these microorganisms may be variable. It is known that sepsis-related mortality rates can be reduced with appropriate empirical treatment, in early recognized late-onset neonatal sepsis cases. Therefore, each unit is recommended to formulate its treatment strategy as the sepsis agents and antibiotic resistances may differ among neonatal units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of our study is to compare laparoscopic and abdominal myomectomies performed in our clinic and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic myomectomies. Materials and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 314 cases who were threated with myomectomy operation in our clinic between 2012-2022. All of the cases were divided into two groups with respect to the surgical procedure performed. 314 patients were in the abdominal myomectomy group, 47 patients were in the laparoscopic myomectomy group and the groups were compared. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data (p>0.05). When the groups were evaluated in terms of postoperative white blood cell(WBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet values, operation time, hospitalisation time, postoperative blood transfusion and perioperative complications, no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in terms of preoperative WBC and CRP values between the groups, but postoperative WBC and CRP values were lower in the laparoscopic myomectomy group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Laparoscopic myomectomy has a short recovery time and aesthetic advantage. However, equipment and the need of experienced surgeons limit its applicability. With the development of laparoscopic technologies and increasing the experience of surgeons with laparoscopic surgery, it will provide a serious advantage over the abdominal method in terms of less blood loss, less hospital stay, shorter operation times, less trauma and better cosmetic results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We aim to contribute to open heart surgery by revealing how different fluids used as prime solution during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) affect oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients, 21 men and 9 women, who underwent open heart surgery for various reasons were included in this study. Patients according to the prime solutions used 1. Group: Lactic Ringer was divided into two groups as 2 Groups: Isolyte S. A total of 4 blood samples were taken from these patients after anesthesia induction, after cross-clamping during CPB, on the 1st day and the 5th day after the operation. Total antioxidant stress (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSSI) were studied from the samples taken. The results were evaluated statistically. Results: Samples collected in this study were compared before prime solution (before CPB) and after CPB. In the group using Ringer Lactate (RL) on the 5th day postoperatively, the TOS value was statistically significantly lower than the preoperative period (p=0.015). Again, when the OSI values were compared, it was seen that the OSI value of the Ringer Lactate (RL) group was statistically significantly lower (p=0.032). Conclusions: As a result of our study, it was seen that the TOS and OSI values of the two types of prime solutions (Ringer Lactate and Isolayt S) frequently used during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) were lower in the Ringer Lactate (RL) group and superior in the Isolayt S group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To compare the lipid profile of preeclamptic pregnant women with the lipid profile of normal pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of 40 severe preeclamptic, 40 mild preeclamptic, and 40 healthy pregnant patients who were prospectively admitted to the hospital in Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between June 2021 and June 2022. Age, pregnancy and delivery numbers, blood pressure and pulse values, Body Mass Index (BMI), blood total cholesterol, LDL, HDL triglyceride (TG) levels and hemogram parameters (Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, WBC, Platelet count and MPV) of all patients were evaluated.he study was planned as descriptive cross-sectional. The attitudes of the students studying at the Faculty of medicine towards scientific research were questioned. In the study, the "Attitude Scale Towards Scientific Research" was used. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between systolic - diastolic blood pressures and heart rate values according to the groups (p<0.001 for all groups). It was found that the BMI of the pregnant women in the preeclampsia (PE) groups was higher than the control group and there was a significant difference between the BMIs according to the groups (p<0.001). It was determined that total cholesterol, TG and LDL values of pregnant women with preeclampsia were higher than healthy pregnant women, and HDL values were lower than healthy pregnant women (p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that the lipid profile in PE patients was higher than the lipid profile in normal pregnant women, and preeclamptic pregnant women were more obese. It was concluded that pregnant women with preeclampsia are a risky group in terms of lipid profile and should be followed up in the postpartum period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare the perioperative outcomes and complications of Olympus and Karl Storz bipolar transurethral bladder resection in the treatment of bladder tumors in non-invasive bladder cancer patients. Materials and Methods: After obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee (Decision No. 2023/5-17), all patients who underwent transurethral bladder tumor resection using Olympus and Karl Storz bipolar systems between January 01, 2019 and February 28, 2023 were evaluated. The demographic data of the patients, transfusion requirement, tumor size, and perioperative complications were compared. Results: It was observed that out of the 75 patients included in the study, 45 were operated on with Olympus, and 30 were operated on with Karl Storz. In the Olympus group, the change in hemoglobin (hgb) was found to be 1.11±0.61 gr/dl, while in the Karl Storz group, it was 1.35±0.82 gr/dl, and no statistically significant difference was observed (p= 0.180). Tumor size was 3.20±1.55 cm in the Olympus group and 4.20±2.79 cm in the Karl Storz group. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of obturator reflex, presence of bladder perforation, blood transfusion, and postoperative clot retention. Conclusions: The use of both bipolar systems' technology is safe and effective in the transurethral resection of non-invasive bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Various inflammatory biomarkers have been associated with increased risk of severe disease, termed "cytokine storm," in COVID-19 patients. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether there is significant difference in terms of inflammatory markers such as lymphocyte count, CRP, sedimentation, ferritin, gender and age between the patients who recovered and died. Materials and Methods: In our study, we used routine laboratory test results from patients in diagnosis and treatment process between 03.04.2020-31.12.2020. We investigated CRP, sedimentation, fibrinogen, ferritin, troponin-I, D-dimer and hemogram parameters retrospectively. We searched for statistical significance based on the parameters in the first admission blood. Results: Which included 213 patients with positive PCR test, 83 died from COVID-19-related causes, while the others were discharged. Except for the platelet counts, we found a statistically significant difference in the others. These tests were higher in patients who died at the time of first presentation. The biomarkers with the best performance in predicting ROC curve survival were Troponin-I, CRP, Ferritin, Neutrophil, and D-dimer. There was a significant difference in favor of males in mortality rates by gender. When the patients are examined, it can be said that mortality increases with age. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global disaster with high complication, mortality and more economic impact. In this process, cost-effective and appropriate indicators were needed to simplify the diagnostic process and assess disease severity. Recent studies showed how biomarkers could change with COVID-19 severity. These results can be used as an aid in clinical practice to determine treatment, guide ICU admission, and predict clinical course. Troponin-I, CRP, D-dimer, LDH and are interesting biomarkers that can be used for short-term risk stratification of patients admitted with COVID-19. More research on the prognostic value of biomarkers is needed to increase reliability and reproducibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the demographic data and trauma mechanisms of pediatric patients aged 0-18 years who presented to our emergency department due to blunt abdominal trauma and developed solid organ damage. Materials and Methods: Demographic data, trauma mechanisms, and affected solid organs of 70 pediatric patients aged between 0-18 years old who were admitted to our emergency department due to blunt trauma between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results : Of the 70 children included in the study, 51 (72.9%) were male and 19 (27.1%) were female. Among the age groups, the 0-6 age group was the most exposed to trauma. The most frequent application time was 08:00-15:59. The most common cause of injury was falling from a height, followed by traffic accidents. While the number of applications increased in the summer months, this rate decreased in the winter months. The most frequently injured solid organ was the liver with 44.3%. The most common injury accompanying solid organ damage was thoracic injury with 18.5%. Conclusions: In child traumas, falls from a height and traffic accidents continue to be the most common traumas that cause solid organ damage. In the light of these data we have determined, we think that the trainings to be made and the protective measures to be taken will reduce these rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It was aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes in patients with primary Ta, high grade pathology, to determine possible risk factors for recurrence, and to show the effect of secondary TUR (re-TUR) on oncological outcomes. Materials and Methods: Data of patients who underwent TUR-BT in our clinic between January 2000 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with pTa, high grade or G3 urothelial carcinoma were included. The demographic and histopathological data, development of relapse and progression and their duration time were scanned. The patients were divided into two groups, those with and without recurrence, and those with re-TUR or not. Comparison of categorical variables was done with Pearson chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test. In quantitative data, Student's t-test was used for normally distributed variables and Mann-Whitney U test was used for others. Type I error probability was accepted as α = 0.05 for all tests. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with 95% CI were used to determine the effect of re-TUR on bladder tumor recurrence. Results: Total of 63 patients were male (87.5%) among 72 patients. 21 patients had recurrence and 4 patients had progression at 25 months of followup. Recurrence occurred in 14 patients (66.7%) within the first year. The majority of recurrent pathologies were pTa (82%) bladder tumors. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion were applied to one of 2 patients with muscle invasion, and multimodal therapy was applied to the other. Occupational chemical exposure was statistically significantly higher in the recurrent group (p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence-free survival between with and without re-TUR (p=0.432). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the negative effect of occupational chemical exposure on recurrence in highgrade pTa bladder cancers. Even 5 years after the first diagnosis, recurrence and progression can be observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is a rare group of cerebrovascular diseases, is a disease with high mortality and morbidity. The treatment and follow-up process is quite difficult. Its treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. The parameters affecting the clinical course have always been a matter of curiosity in this disease. Our aim in this article was to investigate the effect of vitamin-D levels on the clinical course of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage followed in the neurological intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: Forty five patients who applied to the emergency department of our hospital with subarachnoid hemorrhage between October 2019 and October 2021 were screened retrospectively. Clinical, laboratory and detailed angio reports of these patients were obtained from patient files. Results: The cases were divided into two groups as those with vitamin D less than 20ng/ml and those with higher than this value. Vit-D levels were found to be lower than 20 ng/ml in 23 (51%) of all cases, and Vit-D was found to be higher than 20ng/ml in 22 (49%) cases. Gender, Vasospasm, Hydrocephalus, Epiletic seizure, length of stay in intensive care unit, duration of mechanical ventilation, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and exitus rates were compared between these two groups, most of them were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our patients with a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage had a high rate of Vit-D deficiency and/or insufficiency. Although further studies are needed, no correlation was found between the Vit-D level and the prognosis of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity and may be associated with many different causes. Autoimmune diseases, malignancies, previous major surgical interventions, immobility, hyperhomocysteinemia and some metabolic diseases predispose to DVT. There are studies suggesting that vitamin B12 and vitamin D deficiency, which affect homocysteine metabolism, may be associated with the development of DVT. In our study, we aimed to compare vitamin B12 and vitamin D levels in patients with DVT compared to the control group. Materials and Methods: Between December 2015 and December 2020, 97 patients with DVT and 91 individuals without DVT were included in our study. Serum vitamin B12 and vitamin D levels, clinical and other examination results of the patient and control groups were evaluated retrospectively from the hospital information system. Results: There was no difference in demographic characteristics between the patient and control group included in the study. Serum vitamin D (19.64±8.68 vs 23.63±7.99, p<0.001) and vitamin B12 levels (252.94±101.17 vs 338.51±102.76, p<0.001) were found to be significantly lower in the group of DVT. In multivariate analysis, vitamin B12 level was found to be an independent predictor for DVT. (OR=0.991, 95% CI; 0.987-0.995, p<0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin B12 and vitamin D levels can be easily measured in the blood. In our study, both vitamin levels were found to be low in patients with DVT. It can be used as a possible simple indicator of the development of DVT, especially in patients with risk factors for DVT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: T Our aim in this study is to determine how lactate dehydrogenas levels are affected in RTPCR positive COVID-19 pneumonia. To investigate the value of this parameter in terms of biochemical parameters in RT-PCR positive patients and to propose new opinions on the subject. Materials and Methods: One hundred COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital with positive RT-PCR test and above the age of 18 were included in our study. The data of the patients were collected retrospectively from the hospital system. RT-PCR positive patients were divided into two groups as those with COVID- 19 pneumonia and those without COVID-19 pneumonia. The obtained results were evaluated in the SPSS 25 program. Results: Of the 100 patients with positive RT-PCR test, 39 did not have COVID-19 pneumonia, 61 had COVID- 19 pneumonia. Lactate dehydrogenas levels of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was significantly higher than lactate dehydrogenas levels of patients without COVID-19 pneumonia (198.91 ± 141.34, 194.18 ± 69.19, p = 0.001). Conclusions: As a result of this study, the idea that the lactate dehydrogenas levels of the patients at the time of first admission may be useful in predicting COVID-19 pneumonia in healthcare institutions without computed tomography and in patient groups where computed tomography scan is not recommended, and in healthcare institutions with computed tomography, lactate dehydrogenas value is high in COVID-19 patients, computed tomography screening made us think that it can give an idea about the decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a link between aging and gastric diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ghrelin on gastric morphology in ovariectomized rats. Materials and Methods: Under ketamine-chlorpromazine anesthesia (100 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg), Sprague-Dawley rats (n=12) underwent bilateral ovariectomy, while control group (G1) had shamsurgery (n=6). Four weeks after surgery, half of ovariectomized rats (G3) were treated intraperitoneally with ghrelin (1 mg/kg/week) for 4 weeks, while others (G2) were not treated. Rats were euthanized by cardiac puncture at the end of 8th weeks, and serum levels of estradiol were measured. Gastric tissue was analyzed with light and scanning electron microscopy. Results: Increased body weights in ovariectomized (G2 and G3) rats (p<0.001) recorded at the end of 2 months was not changed with ghrelin. In ovariectomized groups (G2 and G3) serum estradiol levels were reduced (p<0.05) verifying altered gonadal hormone status. Apical mucus cells and gastric pits were observed in regular morphology in sham group while vascular dilatation and degeneration was observed i n o variectomized r ats ( G2 a nd G 3), w hereas i n t he g hrelin g roup ( G3) i t w as g enerally observed similar to sham group (G1). Conclusion: In conclusion, mild dyslipidemia and hepatic degeneration in early post-menopausal period appear to be attenuated by ghrelin treatment, and it is required further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of 10 µg/kg intrathecal morphine administration in the fast-track cardiac anesthesia protocol on postoperative analgesia and fast-tracking. Materials and Methods: 42 patients from A SA I -III group undergoing elective coronary bypass grafting (CABG) were divided into two groups as intrathecal morphine (ITM) and control (K) groups by closed envelope method. Morphine at a dose of 10 µg/kg was intrathecally administered to the ITM group before induction. The same method of anesthesia induction and maintenance was used in both groups. Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) and tramadol were started in both groups in the intensive care unit. Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, extubation time, sedation score, VAS score, capacity of lung, analgesia, time of intensive care and hospital stay were recorded. Results: There was no difference between demographic data and intraoperative data of both groups (p> 005). The extubation time was 192 ± 42.4 minutes in the ITM group and 254.3 ± 88.4 minutes in the control group (p <0.05). Postoperative pain scores, tramadol consumption, lung volumes and length of stay in intensive care were better in the ITM group (p<0.05). Length of stay in the hospital was similar. Conclusion: Intrathecal morphine administration at a dose of 10 µg/kg provided very good analgesia after cardiac surgery, earlier recovery in lung volumes and shorter intensive care stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amacımız en sık kullanılan Helikobakter pylori (Hp) tedavi rejimlerinin HP eradikasyon başarı oranlarını saptamaktır. Materyal ve Metod: 2016 -- 2020 yılları arasında üst gastrointestinal sistem endoskopisi sırasında Helikobakter pylori pozitif saptanan ve eradikasyon tedavisi sonrası kontrol endoskopik biyopsi alınan hastalar geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar tedavi rejimlerine göre 3 gruba ayrıldı; lansoprazol 30 mg 2x1, klaritromisin 500 mg 2x1, amoksisilin 1000 mg 2x1 14 gün alanlar (grup 1, n=20), lansoprazol 30 mg 2x1, bizmut subsalisilat 262 mg 4x1, klaritromisin 500 mg 2x1, amoksisilin 1000 mg 2x1 14 gün alanlar (grup 2, n = 23) ve lansoprazol 30 mg 2x1, bizmut subsalisilat 262 mg 4x1, metronidazol 500 mg 3x1, tetrasiklin 500 mg 4x1 14 gün alanlar (grup 3, n = 17). Bu üç grubun tedavi başarıları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, ortalama yaşı 42.8±15.17 olan 60 hasta dahil edildi. Grup 1,2 ve 3'ün yaş ortalamaları sırasıyla 40.05±15.33, 42.86±15.90 ve 46.23±14.14 olup gruplar arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Çalışmaya alınan hastaların %57.6'sında (34/60) eradikasyon tedavisi sonrası Hp eradikasyonu sağlandı. Grup 1, 2 ve 3'teki HP eradikasyon oranları sırasıyla %50, %52.2 ve %66.7 idi. Gruplar arasında başarı oranları açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, yüksek antibiyotik direnci ve hedeflenen eradikasyon oranlarından daha düşük eradikasyon oranları nedeniyle klasik üçlü tedavi, bizmut eklenmiş klasik üçlü tedavi ve bizmutlu dörtlü tedavinin Türkiye'de kullanılmasının uygun olmayabileceği sonucuna vardık. Helikobakter pylori tedavisinde yeni tedavi rejimlerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We compared oxidative stress, vascular pathophysiology, and inflammation markers of migraine patients with healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: Blood and urine samples were obtained from 27 healthy individuals and 27 patients with a diagnosis of migraine who applied to Neurology Outpatient Clinics of Umraniye Research and Training Hospital. Participants were aged between 18 -- 49 years. Patients had their diagnosis established prior to the study, and the volunteers in the control group had no systemic disease or relevant disorders. Urine samples were tested for malondialdehyde while erythrocytes were investigated for glutathione, glutathione related enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyls. Plasma samples were analyzed for malondialdehyde, bilirubin, uric acid, and albumin as oxidative stress parameters. Thrombocyte count and fibrinogen levels were measured for vascular physiopathology, and interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, CRP, and ferritin were used as inflammation markers. Results: In addition to glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase values were found to be statistically significantly lower (p<0.001) in the patient group. Albumin levels were similar in both groups, whereas uric acid and bilirubin levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the patient group. Similarly, protein carbonyls, which are oxidative damage markers, as well as urine, plasma, and erythrocyte malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the patient group. Thrombocyte count and fibrinogen levels, both of which are vascular physiopathology markers, were found to increase in the patient group (p<0.001). The participants in the patient group had significantly higher (p<0.001) levels of IL1β, IL6, IL10, and TNFα as inflammation markers, on the other hand, CRP and ferritin levels were lower. Conclusions: Considering oxidative stress, vascular physiopathology, and inflammation markers as a whole, we suggest that patients with migraine had increased oxidative stress due to suppressed and decreased levels of antioxidants and consequently had inflammatory and vascular changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we aimed to present the results of our patients who underwent surgical treatment for Morgagni hernia, which is not common in adults. Materials and Methods: The files of patients who underwent surgical treatment for Morgagni Hernia in our clinic between September 2009 and September 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic characteristics of the patients and surgical treatment results were recorded. The patients were divided into patients who underwent laparoscopic and open surgery. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis of the groups, p <0.05 value was considered statistically significant. Results: Open surgery was performed in 3 (50%) of 6 patients who underwent surgery, and laparoscopic surgery was performed in 3 (50%) of them. Propropylene and dual mesh were applied to all patients (except 1 patient who was taken into emergency surgery). Postoperative complications (minimal pneumothorax and atelectasis) were observed in 2 (33%) of the patients. When the patient groups (open and laparoscopic) were compared, there was a statistically significant difference between the postoperative hospital stay (p <0.037). Conclusions: This study showed that Morgagni hernia is a rare condition. Patients present with nonspecific symptoms. In addition, it can be treated with various surgical techniques. Among these, laparoscopic surgery both increases the comfort of the patient after surgery and shortens the duration of hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our a im i s t o e valuate t he t reatment r esults o f c hildren w ho u nderwent E SWL f or urolithiasis Materials and Methods: Records of children who underwent ESWL between October 2018 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to success and compared in terms of age, gender, stone size, stone location, complications, and additional interventions. Results: Of the 50 cases, 34(68%) were boys and 16(32%) were girls. The mean age was 8.8 ± 5.0 years. 36 of the stones were located in the kidney and 14 were in the proximal ureter. The average stone size was 9.4±1.8 mm in the successful ESWL group and 13.8±3.2 mm in the unsuccessful group (p <0.05). While the success was 90% for stones less than 10 mm, it was found to be 56.7% for stones over 10 mm (p <0.05). T otal success w as 70%. T here w as no significant correlation between age, gender, side and localization of stones and ESWL success (p> 0.05). Conclusion: ESWL is an effective and safe treatment method for children with urolithiasis. Stone size is an important factor affecting success. Especially for stones ≥10 mm, there is a need for studies that will provide the maximum benefit per session and reveal the predictions that can prevent an unsuccessful application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect of vaginal, intramuscular (IM) or combined (vaginal + IM) progesterone preparations initiated under the indication of threatened abortion at early gestational week on serum progesterone levels. Materials and Methods: First-trimester pregnant women who applied to our clinic between December 2018 and December 2019 due to the threatened abortion and who received progesterone were included in the study. The participants were divided into three groups according to whether they received vaginal progesterone, IM progesterone or vaginal + IM progesterone treatment. The serum progesterone levels measured on the 3rd hour and 7th day after the first drug dose of the groups and the rates of serum progesterone reaching the optimal value were compared. Results: Sixty-four patients who received progesterone treatment participated in our study. Twenty-three (35.9%) of these patients were using intramuscular progesterone, 19 (%29.7) were using vaginal progesterone and 22 (34.4%) were using vaginal + intramuscular progesterone. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of progesterone onset week, age, gravida and parity characteristics. The levels of progesterone at admission of the group using vaginal + IM progesterone were significantly lower than the other groups (p = 0.013). The increased rate of serum progesterone levels in both the 3rd hour and the 7th day of the group using vaginal + IM progesterone was found to be significantly higher compared to the other two groups (vaginal and IM) (p = 0.001, p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion: There is no definitive treatment for patients with threatened abortion in early gestational weeks, but studies in which progesterone treatment is recommended in recent years are increasing. In this study, it was determined that vaginal + IM combined progesterone preparations increased serum progesterone levels faster. However, our study on the subject is not sufficient and additional studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most common cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood is head injuries. Various protocols have been described for brain tomography (BT) in children with head trauma. Because clinical evaluations come to thefore in these, it may be difficult to decide for brain tomography necessity due to inappropriate, exaggerated patient complaint or excessive workload intensity in emergency departments. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLO) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLO) can be a guide in decision-making of necessity in patients with minor pediatric head trauma. Materials and Methods: The files of 195 patients who were admitted to our hospital emergency department with an isolated minor pediatric head injury between January 1, 2015 and October 31, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to CT result: Patients with minor pathology in CT (n = 96 patients, Group 1) and patients with normal CT results (n = 99, Group 2). Patients in group 1 were also divided into two groups according to their medical and surgical treatment. Routine hematological parameters were compared between the groups. Results: When compared to group, neutrophil count, leukocyte count, NLO and PLO were significantly higher in group 1 (p <0.05, for all). In subgroup analysis; patients who required surgical treatment were significantly higher NLO and PLO levels than patients who required medical follow-up in group 1 (p <0.05 for all). In the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, it was found that NLO ≥ 1.74 predicted minor head trauma with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 81%, while PLO was ≥ 108.1 predicted it with a sensitivity of 69% sensitivity and specificity of 67%. Conclusion: The increase of NLO and PLO may be a guide for detecting the necessity of BT in minor head traumas. In addition, these parameters can also be helpful in choosing the treatment method to be applied if pathology is detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study to evaluate the results of the skin prick test (SPT) of citizens of the Republic of Turkey (T.R.) and Syrian refugees who are with atopic asthma. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 431 patients between January 2015 and 2017. At the study were evaluated the results of the SPT of the citizens of the T.R with atopic asthma and Syrian refugees who are living in tent camps. For this study, approval was obtained from the non-interventional ethics committee of Harran University with the decision dated June 04, 2017 and numbered 17/04/23. Results: SPT was performed in 431 patients with atopic asthma, 45.7% of whom were Syrian Refugees. Of the patients, 75.4% were female. The mean age was 30.5. House dust mite is the most common allergen encountered in both Turkish citizens and refugees. By the nationality, a significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of mould mixture (p <0.001), cockroach (p<0.05) and grain mixture (p<0.05). According to gender, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of mould mixture (p <0.05) and cockroach (p<0.05). It was observed that the sensitivity of wild grass (41%) and cat hair (39.1%) in T.C women, mushroom mixture (61.9%) in Syrian refugee women and wild grass (60.7%) in Syrian refugee men were higher. Conclusion: Allergic asthma is an important health problem in migration and refugee situations. In Turkish citizens and refugees, allergen positivity is most common in house dust mites. In Syrian refugees, it is as house dust mite, herb mix and mushroom mix, respectively. This study will contribute to the literature as it is the first study to show allergens in refugees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Behçet's disease is an autoimmune, chronic, inflammatory, multisystemic disease. Although oral aphthae, genital ulcers, skin lesions and uveitis are commonly seen in the disease, vasculitis is the main pathological finding. There is no laboratory finding specific to Behçet's disease. The levels of various routine parameters such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein have been shown to be high in Behçet's disease, however, the change in these parameters is not always consistent with clinical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Behçet's disease and ischemiamodified albumin, methylglyoxal and serum prolidase activity. Materials and Methods: 35 Behçet patients and 35 controls were included in to the study. Serum ischemia-modified albumin levels and prolidase activity were measured spectrophotometrically (Perkin Elmer Lambda 25 UV/Vis, US) and serum methylglyoxal levels were measured by Thermo Ultimate 3000 Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: In the Behcet group, serum ischemia-modified albumin (p <0.001), prolidase, methylglyoxal (p <0.001), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.011), platelet lymphocyte ratio (0.015), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.047), erythrocyte distribution width (p=0.021), neutrophil (p=0.007) levels were found to be significantly higher than the control group, whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration value was found to be significantly lower than the control group (p = 0010). Conclusions: Serum ischemia modified albumin, methylglioxal levels and prolidase activity were statistically significantly different in the Behçet group compared to the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is one of the common diseases in the community which can cause hematological and neurological symptoms and signs. It is usually treated by intramuscular injection after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to compare oral and intramuscular B12 replacement therapy. Materials and Methods: The study was started with the decision dated 24/07/2013 and numbered 2013-646 of the Scientific Research Evaluation Commission of Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital. Patients who were admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinic between May-October 2012 and whom were recently diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency, that received oral or intramuscular therapy, and came to the control one month later, were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed with "SPSS for Windows 20.0" SS package program. Results: 56 patients with oral vitamin B12 replacement therapy and 46 patients with intramuscular vitamin B12 replacement therapy were found. According to baseline values, significant increase in vitamin B12 levels was observed in all patients. (220.73 ± 243.47 pg / ml, p <0.001). Vitamin B12 increase was 252,91 ± 297,23 pg / ml in oral treatment group and 182,96 ± 152,90 pg / ml in intramuscular treatment group respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In a study that was divided into oral and intramuscular B12 replacement therapy, an increase in vitamin B12 levels was found with oral and intramuscular treatment after 90 days of treatment, but the groups were not compared in terms of efficacy. In our study, since there was no difference between oral and intramuscular B12 replacement therapies in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, may suggest that oral replacement therapy may be an alternative to intramuscular therapy. Further comprehensive randomized controlled studies are required to determine the efficiency of intramuscular B12 replacement therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study was conducted to determine only the breastfeeding status of 0-6 month-old infants in Şanlıurfa and the effective factors. Methods: The study is cross-sectional. The population of the study consisted of mothers who had 0-6 month-old infants and resided in the city center of Şanlıurfa. The cluster sampling method was used in the sample selection and the study was completed with total 203 mothers in the environment. The data were collected using the face-to-face interview technique between 15 May - 30 July 2015 by using Data Collection Form and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. A written permission from Harran University Ethics Committee and verbal consent from the participants were obtained for the study. Percentage, mean, and standard deviation from descriptive statistics as well as Chi-square and Mann Whitney-U test from univariate analysis were used to assess the data. The effect of independent variables on breastfeeding was evaluated by the Logistic Regression Model (Enter) method. Results: It was found in the study that out of the mothers, 71.4% had breastfeeding experience, 1.5% had problems with their first breastfeeding, and 57.1% gave supplementary food to their babies other than breast milk after the birth. The rate of only breastfeeding their babies was 37.9% in mothers behavior one-month-old infants and 26.5% in mothers behavior six-month-old infants. The rate of only breastfeeding was determined to be higher in mothers behavior who received help from healthcare professional in the first breastfeeding(p<0.05), did not give any food other than breast milk before first breastfeeding(p<0.001), and had high score of breastfeeding self-efficacy scale(p<0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, the risk of not feeding the babies only with breast milk was 139 times higher in those giving supplementary food other than breast milk before the breastfeeding. Conclusions: According to the results of the study, it was determined that the rates of only breastfeeding was quite low in the sample group and the postpartum training and counselling were only effective in breastfeeding behaviors. In accordance with these results, it is recommended to inform and support the mothers about breastfeeding by the healthcare professional also in the postpartum period starting from the pregnancy, increase their breastfeeding self-efficacy to increase breastfeeding success, and to make necessary training and counselling to prevent giving any supplementary food to the infants other than breast milk in postpartum process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study we aimed to compare the final follow-up pelvic radiographic views and computed tomographic views of combined proximal femoral valgus osteotomy and tectoplasty in the treatment of Herring group C Perthes disease with hinge abduction. Methods:This study was carried out in 11 male patients who underwent combined proximal femoral valgus osteotomy and tectoplasty related to Herring group C Perthes disease. The mean follow-up was 5.5 (2.2-9.3) years. The final follow-up pelvic radiographic views and computed tomographic views were compared in terms of femoral head subluxation ratio, femoral head coverage ratio, femoral head size ratio, Sharp angle, center-edge angle, neck-shaft angle, caput index and acetabular depth index. Results: In the comparison of datas obtained from pelvic radiographic views and computed tomographic views, only the caput index values showed significance with a p=0.031. The three diamentional tomographic comparison of the operated hip and non-operated hip in terms of femoral head coverage showed no significance with a p=0.494. Conclusions: The combination of proximal femoral valgus osteotomy and tectoplasty in the treatment of Herring group C Perthes disease provided consistent results with normal anatomy in terms of femoral head coverage. Computed tomography is a useful method in the measurement of caput index which is an important parameter in the assesment of surgical results in Perthes disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]