1. Interannual variability in the hydrography of the Norwegian Atlantic Current: Frontal versus advective response to atmospheric forcing
- Author
-
K. Richter and Sönke Maus
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Ecology ,Advection ,North Atlantic Deep Water ,Temperature salinity diagrams ,Paleontology ,Soil Science ,Forestry ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,Gulf Stream ,Geophysics ,Atlantic Equatorial mode ,Space and Planetary Science ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,North Atlantic oscillation ,Climatology ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Submarine pipeline ,Hydrography ,Geology ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
[1] The warm and saline inflow of the North Atlantic Current to the Nordic Seas is highly relevant for the region and the global climate. North of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge, the Norwegian Atlantic Current consists of two 40–60 km wide branches, situated at the slope and 150–200 km offshore, respectively. To interpret changes in these branches in terms of climate variability in the northern North Atlantic, it is important to understand their spatiotemporal response to both atmospheric forcing and advection. We analyzed three decades of synoptic hydrographic observations of the branches' variability, with particular focus on the response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and related wind stress curl changes in the Nordic Seas. To do so, we separated the effect of fluctuating position and thickness of the branches from the variability in temperature and salinity in the spatially fluctuating cores. As a rapid response to the NAO we find a deflection of both branches toward the coast which is consistent with an enhanced basin-wide cyclonic circulation. While the immediate correlation between hydrographic properties and the NAO is weak, we find a significant negative correlation when the NAO leads temperature and salinity by 4–6 years. We attribute the overall delayed response to the advection of anomalies generated in the northwestern North Atlantic through NAO induced air-sea interaction and changes in the position of the subpolar front.
- Published
- 2011