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Gallbladder carcinoma is a highly lethal but relatively rare neoplasm of the digestive tract. p53 mutations are one of the most frequent genetic alterations in human cancers and are thought to play a role in pathogenesis of several malignancies. Kras oncogene is responsible for high frequency recognized as an early event in pancreatic and colonic carcinogenesis. We investigated the genetic change of p53, Kras and histopathological changes in gallbladder cancer tissue samples. P53 mutation was seen in the axons 5, 6, 7 and 8 of p53 gene and Kras codon 12 mutations in 25 operative specimens of gallbladder carcinoma. The hispathology observations and polymerase chain reaction-based techniques of these patients were used for point mutations study in p53 and in codon 12 of Kras gene. Mutations of p53 analyzed from exons 5 to 8 using the method of PCR-SSCP were 44%, PCR-RFLP was carried out, and incidence of mutation in codon 12 of Kras was 48% in the adenocarcinoma patients. There was a significant correlation between presence of gall stone, histopathological type, cellular differentiation, grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, lymph node invasion, involvement of cystic duct end margin, liver invasion, omental tissue invasion, and T.N.M. staging. Curative surgical resection remains the only effective approach for treatment of GBC. Studies with large number of cases with latest application, next-generation sequencing, DNA microarray, transcriptome analysis, and real-time PCR would help in exploring more targets and better classification of these cancers at genetic level.

Gallbladder carcinoma is a highly lethal but relatively rare neoplasm of the digestive tract. pWe investigated the genetic change of pPMutations of pCurative surgical resection remains the only effective approach for treatment of GBC. Studies with large number of cases with latest application, next-generation sequencing, DNA microarray, transcriptome analysis, and real-time PCR would help in exploring more targets and better classification of these cancers at genetic level.

Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant cancer of the bile ducts and third most common gastrointestinal malignant in the world for public health. Its relatively low incidence and confused symptoms result in advanced disease at the time of presentation, contributing to poor prognosis and reduced survival associated with this disease. The main function of the gallbladder is to store excreted bile acids from the liver in preparation for a meal. Its main risk factor is prolonged exposure to biliary calculations, although bacterial infections and other inflammatory conditions are associated. Chronic inflammatory bowel conditions are associated with gallbladder cancer. T stage translates to identifying residual disease at reoperation for incidental gallbladder cancer and residual disease negatively affects survival. It is the most common cancer of gallbladder, gallbladder cancer remains a rare disease. Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease that can be accidentally diagnosed after cholecystectomy or accidentally, often with more advanced disease. The prognosis is generally extremely poor and improvements in surgical resection of this approach have to be re-evaluated, while the role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy remains controversial.