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Wearable devices have attracted tremendous interest in recent decades, but the rigidity of traditional battery components limits its development. To power up the wearable devices, it is urgent to develop a new type of stretchable energy storage devices. A series of representative stretchable battery preparation methods have been reported. This review summarizes the related works in this field, divides the strategies to achieve stretchability into two categories: device-level and component-level. We focus on the structural design in different dimensions and the preparation methods of each stretchable component to achieve stretchability, analysing the advantages and shortcomings of both ways. The general issues such as energy density, interface degradation, encapsulation process and device integration of the stretchable battery are pointed out, and the future development trend is also foreseen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]