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Composite hydrogel particles are prepared by reverse suspension polymerization. Cellulose acrylic acid nanofiber (ACL-CNF) is used as the polymerization axis. Composite hydrogel microspheres P(AAACC) are prepared by reverse suspension polymerization of acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 as initiator. The polymerization process, microstructure, swelling, mechanical strength, temperature and salt resistance of P(AAACC) are studied. The results show that the equilibrium swelling ratio is 13.59 g/g at salt concentration of 10 wt% and 30.15 g/g at 120 ℃, which are 2.63 times and 3.15 times higher than that of ordinary hydrogels, respectively. When the compression ratio of composite hydrogel particles is 85%, the recovery of composite hydrogel particles is 84.8%, while the common hydrogel has been broken. TG-DTG analysis shows that the copolymerization reaction between ACL-CNF and monomer occurs, and the thermal stability is improved. After 7 days of aging under high temperature and high salt, the water retention rate of composite hydrogel particles is 92.1%, which is 11% higher than that of ordinary hydrogel, and the mechanical strength is 2.5 times higher in deionized water and 2.79 times higher in salt water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]