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The objectives were to estimate prevalence of obesity among frail individuals aged ≥80 years and examine the association of obesity with cognitive impairment and depression among frail individuals aged ≥80 years.Two-hundred community-dwelling participants aged ≥80 years, were enrolled; 166 frail participants were further analyzed. Obesity and adiposity were determined by Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Body Fat Percentage (BF%). Cognitive impairment and Depression were assessed using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Frailty was assessed by Fried criteria. Chi-Square, t-test, trend-analysis and Logistic Regression (LR) were done.Obesity among Frail individuals aged ≥80 years was 40% using BMI and 73.2% using WC. Obesity was inversely associated with cognitive impairment and depression among frail individuals. Severity of cognitive impairment and depression was lower among obese frail than non-obese frail. Trend-analysis showed decreasing cognitive impairment and depression with increasing BF%. On LR, obesity among frail individuals had inverse association with cognitive impairment and depression.Obesity among frail individuals aged ≥80 years was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment and depression in our population. Positive effects of weight gain in oldest old frail individuals and development of cognitive impairment and dementia should be explored in further researches.

Objectives: Objectives were to study prevalence of frailty among Indian oldest old population, and to detect its correlates. Methods: A cross sectional community based study was done including 200 healthy participants aged ≥80 years, randomly sampled from Hyderabad city in India. They completed an administered questionnaire and physical function tests including SPPB, grip strength. Cognitive function was assessed using MMSE and depression using GDS. Blood pressure, haemoglobin, and fasting blood sugar were measured for all participants. Frailty was defined using Fried phenotype criteria. Logistic regression was done to identify independently associated correlates. Results: The prevalence of frailty syndrome was 83.4% in our study population. Frailty among men was 80.3% and among women was 84.7%, and it increased with increasing age. The independent correlates which increased the odds of frailty were poor physical performance (SPPB) (OR: 4.21; 95%CI: 1.12-15.83), depression (OR: 3.35; 95%CI:1.29-8.73), chronic joint pains (OR:4.90; 95%CI: 1.97-12.18) and COPD (OR: 3.01; 95%CI:1.03- 8.78), while hypertension showed inverse association (OR: 0.33;95%CI:0.11-0.94). Conclusion: The prevalence of frailty among the oldest old is very high. Geriatric medicine protocols must include routine screening for frailty, while also including early detection of poor physical performance, depression, COPD and osteoarthritis.

The objective was to determine odds of frailty syndrome with coexistence of hypertension and depression among oldest-old adults.We analysed secondary data from 167 community-dwelling hypertensive participants aged 80 years and older from a cross-sectional study of frailty conducted in India. Data included sociodemographic, medical history, physical performance, functional limitations, mobility-disability, cognition, depression, sleep, frailty syndrome and chronic diseases. Odds of frailty syndrome was compared among individuals having only hypertension, and individuals having hypertension and depression. Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression were performed to determine odds of frailty.Frailty was significantly higher (OR: 4.93;95% CI: 1.89-12.84) among individuals having hypertension and coexisting depression, compared to individuals having only hypertension. Men (OR: 5.07;95% CI: 1.02-25.17) and women (OR: 4.58;95% CI: 1.36-15.40) with hypertension and depression showed a higher risk of frailty, compared with hypertension alone. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, cognitive impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular diseases, anaemia, diabetes, obesity, physical performance, activities of daily living and 4-meter walking speed.Coexistence of hypertension and depression increased risk of frailty syndrome among men and women above 80 years of age by almost 5 folds. Treating depression in hypertensive older individuals may reduce the risk of frailty among them.