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Pseudomonas aeruginosais an opportunistic pathogen that rarely causes pulmonary disease in normal hosts but one that is an important cause of acute pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, including neonates, and of chronic pneumonia in patients with cystic fibrosis. The aim of this work was to study the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus caseiand yogurt on prevention of P. aeruginosalung infection in young mice (3 weeks old). This study demonstrates that oral administration of L. caseior yogurt to young mice enhanced lung clearance of P. aeruginosaand phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages through a dose-dependent effect. There were, however, no significant differences in white blood cell (WBC) differential counts. Furthermore, it was observed that previous administration of L. caseior yogurt induced a significant increase in IgA and IgM levels in bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) after a P. aeruginosainfection, although there was no relationship with the serum values.