Search

Background: Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is a major health concern in developing nations like India in regard to morbidity and mortality. Objective: To identify incidence, clinical presentation, laboratory abnormalities, severity, and complication of AVH in young adults. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted from August 2016 to August 2018 among 70 young adult patients of AVH at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. Data on clinical presentation, laboratory values, complication, and severity were obtained, and analysis was performed. Results: Hepatitis E viral (HEV) infection was seen in 70% case and was more common in age group of 21–30 years followed by Hepatitis B and Hepatitis A, 15.8% and 12.8% case respectively. Most common presenting symptom was jaundice in 80–85% of patients followed by anorexia 65.7% and nausea and vomiting 57.1% of patients. Most common clinical sign was icterus followed by hepatomegaly. Total serum bilirubin and serum SGOT elevated in all cases. Acute liver failure was seen in seven cases. Six cases were due to hepatitis E and one case was due to hepatitis A. Acute kidney injury was present in seven cases. Coagulopathy was found to be major complication in 25.7% cases. Conclusion: HEV is the major etiological agent of AVH in young adults. It is not possible to differentiate viral hepatitis based on clinical features and biochemical parameters. However, cholestasis is found to be significantly associated with hepatitis-E infection.

Background and aim: CFR and RR are important indicator of disease pandemic. As of now no data is available about cross-states analysis of these. We aimed to evaluate CFR and RR of COVID-19 across majorly affected States in India. Method: We observed and compared data of confirmed COVID-19 cases, number of deaths, number of recovered/discharged cases and calculated CFR and RR across majorly affected States/UT in India from official database of Government of India, State Government official bulletin, accurate database worldometer. Results: The data showed that Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal reported highest CFR on 8th April, 22nd April, 6th May, 1st June 2020 (95% CI 4.91 – 6.99). Kerala showed encouraging recovery rates 24.32%, 70.31%, 93.24%, 45.81% on 8th and 22nd April, 6th May and 1st June 2020 respectively. India had an average estimated weekly Recovery rate of newly discharged/recovered cases was 32.68% from 19th March to 1st June 2020. (95% CI 20- 45.4%). (The Recovery rate across India was 80.83% as on 22nd September 2020.). Conclusion: The CFR of a disease varies greatly in different regions of the same Country and is influenced by numerous factors such as health control policies, medical standards, and detection efficiency and protocols apart from number of screening tests done. This comparison discusses need of evaluating policies with optimal reporting of medical history of affected persons when comparing COVID-19 case and fatality rates in different regions of the Country.