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To provide data for examining the variables that distinguish effective writers from ineffective ones, 1821 mid-west 10th-grade students wrote three themes at 3-week intervals. From a first reading of these papers, the sets of three themes from 432 pupils, which were judged strong or weak in effective writing, were submitted to four judges for further evaluation. Students in the final groups of 124 effective and 127 ineffective writers were asked to fill out questionnaires of 68 items on their family and personal lives. Scholastic aptitude and academic status were also taken into account. Results indicated that (1) effective writers had parents with more formal education and lived in homes of higher socioeconomic status that ineffective writers; (2) effective writers were more likely to be female, younger, college-oriented, widely-read, and willing to write about their personalities and self-concepts than were ineffective writers; (3) effective writers engaged in music activities and favored academic courses while ineffective writers preferred vocational courses and liked English class least of all; (4) effective writers owned more books, wrote more for personal pleasure, and disliked grammar study more than ineffective writers; (5) writing effectiveness correlated with scholastic aptitude and academic status. (LH)

It is the purpose of this paper to investigate the chance nature of overfit as it relates to a regression formulation of research, to describe a model for projecting the overfit, and to empirically validate the model. (Author)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the construction of a sequence of planned experiences for teaching the process of making moral judgments and for testing the effectiveness of the sequence. (Author)

The paper-and-pencil 50-item elementary school form of the dogmatism scale was shortened by use of the item statistics x50 and to produce a 20-item instrument with a test characteristic curve designed to maximally spread respondents around the midpoint of the score range. (Editor)

This paper outlines a schema for the systematic investigation of individual differences in learning through the use of aptitude-treatment interaction studies, and provides an approach to incorporating these studies into an ongoing evaluation system. (Editor)

Two components of sophistication of researchers are increased knowledge of and attitudes toward educational research. The topic of this paper is the exploration of the status of these components in a sample of public school teachers. (Author)

This paper presents the finding of an investigation for determining course achievement utilizing the statistical technique of path analysis. (Author)

This paper provides the computational formulas necessary for testing the significance of the difference between mean values of two bivariate normal populations. (Author)

Paper reviews the test for regression lines and provides equations for expanding this test to regression planes. (Author)

This paper presents a number of inferential statistical models that may aid the operant investigator in presenting his data. (Author/RK)

It is the purpose of this paper to provide social scientists with some insight in dealing with Type 11 error, that is, the probability of failing to reject a false null hypothesis, and therefore, optimum sample size and number of levels, in the random-effects analysis of variance. (Author/RK)

This paper confronts two interrelated problems, that problem dealing with the psychological concept of attitudes and the problem of attitude measurement. (Author)

This paper describes a study that attempts to measure the influence of a commercially available game, Marketplace, on student achievement is economic understanding and student attitudes toward the instructional process and selected economic concepts. (Author)

The purpose of this paper is to show how a Bayesian analysis can be conducted quite simply in the completely random design (including factorial arrangements) by dealing with planned orthogonal comparisons of the treatment means. (Author)

It is the intention of this paper to review the purpose, underlying assumptions, and calculation procedures and to arrive at a means of handling analysis of covariance when the classical assumptions are not met. (Author)

The major thrust of this paper rests on the belief that information can be obtained from analysis of the relationship between unmeasured variables which would not otherwise be gleaned from the data. (Author)

Multiple linear regression has been shown to be applicable for analysis of variance hypotheses, for scaling purposes, and for analysis of single organism data. The present paper shows the application to chi square. (Author)

Paper reports on the use of a technique of item writing and item keying in personality scale construction which overcomes the drawbacks, while maximizing the advantages of unit response weighting. (Author)

The contention of this paper is that the obtained difference in a study by DuCette and Wolk, which indicated that giving options in an essay examination produces poorer test performance, was an artifact of the scoring procedures. (Author/RK)

The present authors argued that the covariance analysis is completely valid even if there is a true main effect for pretesting and a second point of the paper involved a recommendation for data analysis if the interaction from ANOVA was significant. (Editor/RK)