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To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2007.04.003 Byline: Daisy Powell (a), Rhona Stainthorp (a), Morag Stuart (a), Holly Garwood (a), Philip Quinlan (b) Keywords: Reading development; Visual word recognition; Rapid automatized naming; Phonological processes; Speed of processing Abstract: Two studies investigated the degree to which the relationship between rapid automatized naming (RAN) performance and reading development is driven by shared phonological processes. Study 1 assessed RAN, phonological awareness, and reading performance in 1010 7- to 10-year-olds. Results showed that RAN deficits occurred in the absence of phonological awareness deficits. These were accompanied by modest reading delays. In structural equation modeling, solutions where RAN was subsumed within a phonological processing factor did not provide a good fit to the data, suggesting that processes outside phonology may drive RAN performance and its association with reading. Study 2 investigated Kail's proposal that speed of processing underlies this relationship. Children with single RAN deficits showed slower speed of processing than did closely matched controls performing normally on RAN. However, regression analysis revealed that RAN made a unique contribution to reading even after accounting for processing speed. Theoretical implications are discussed. Author Affiliation: (a) School of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University of London, London WC1H 0AA, UK (b) Department of Psychology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK Article History: Received 30 January 2007; Revised 20 April 2007