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Tiulienieva Olena, Davydenko Igor, Tiulienieva Viallanta, Marchuk Olena, Shelest Tetiana, Volkov Oleksandr. Histological criteria of maturity of the uterine-placental area of manure. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(05): 275-280. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.05.028 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.05.028 https://zenodo.org/record/5136623 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.05.2021. Revised: 21.05.2021. Accepted: 28.05.2021. Histological criteria of maturity of the uterine-placental area of manure Olena Tiulienieva¹, Igor Davydenko¹, Viallanta Tiulienieva¹, Olena Marchuk¹, Tetiana Shelest 2, Oleksandr Volkov 3 1Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine 2International Humanities University, Odesa, Ukraine 3Ushinsky Pedagogical University, Odesa, Ukraine Address for correspondence Olena Tiulienieva, Department of the Pathological Anatomy, Bukovinian State Medical University, Teatralnaya Square, 2, Chernivtsi, Ukraine e-mail: tuleneva@bsmu.edu.ua, phone: +380502400144 Olena Tiulienieva https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-4076 Igor Davydenko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8395-6651 Abstract In order to improve the procedure of morphological diagnosis of the degree of maturity of the uterine-placental area of the placenta, the authors conducted special studies of the structures of the placental bed of the uterus at different stages of gestation during physiological pregnancy and under various pathologies of the mother or placenta. Criteria for maturity of the uterine-placental area of manure in gestational segments 13-27, 28-36 and 37-40 weeks based on the percentage of spiral arteries with complete gestational remodeling of the walls due to the destructive effect of invasive trophoblast and the first parameters of the norm for the number of veins per unit area in the uterine-placental area. To morphologically determine the degree of maturity of the uteroplacental area, a table of the percentage of spiral arteries with complete gestational adjustment and the number of venous vessels per 1 mm2 area of histological section according to gestational age. For morphological diagnosis of the degree of maturity of the placenta at different stages of gestation during physiological pregnancy and under conditions of different pathology of the mother or placenta, it is recommended to conduct a comprehensive morphological assessment of placental structures using maturity criteria of placental chorionic tree and maturity criteria of placental placenta. Key words: uterine-placental area; chorionic tree; histological criteria

Poliyasnyi V. O., Kupriianova L. S. Immunuhistochemical features of the ovaries’ structure in case of fetuses with a gestational term of 21-28 weeks from mother, whose pregnancy was complicated by chronic infections of lower genital tracts. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(05): 246-261. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.05.026 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.05.026 https://zenodo.org/record/5115876 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.05.2021. Revised: 21.05.2021. Accepted: 28.05.2021. UDK: 618.11/.16-091-053.13-02:618.3(043.5) Immunuhistochemical features of the ovaries’ structure in case of fetuses with a gestational term of 21-28 weeks from mother, whose pregnancy was complicated by chronic infections of lower genital tracts V. O. Poliyasnyi, L. S. Kupriianova The International Humanitarian University, Odessa Medical Institute; Odessa, Ukraine Abstract The following article presents results of the complex research on postulation of immunohistochemical features of the ovaries’ structure in case of fetuses with a gestational term of 21-28 weeks from mothers with HILGT comparing to ones in case of fetuses from mothers with a physiological pregnancy. The materials of the research are: 25 fetuses from mothers with HILGT as well as 25 fetuses from mothers with physiological pregnancy. All fetuses had died antenatally and inranatally, as a result of violation of uteroplacental and umbilical-uterine circulation. Research methods: macroscopic, organometric, histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, statistical. The organometric method revealed a clear decrease of main indexes of the fetuses’ ovaries from mothers with a complicated pregnancy comparing to ones in case of organs of fetuses from healthy mothers. Morphometric method revealed a clear decrease of a relative volume of cortical substance as well as a clear increase of a relative volume of brain substance in the gonads of fetuses from the main group; as well as it showed a clear decrease of an index of follicular tissue’ relative volume, likewise a clear increase of an index of interstitial component relative volume. The staining by picrofuxin by van Gieson method revealed a massive growth of the connective tissue in all strucutral components of organs of fetuses from mothers with HILGT relatively to gonads of fetuses from healthy mothers. Using of MCAT to main types of collagens allowed to reveal a violation of maturation of main types of collagens in the structure of connective tissue of fetal gonads in the main group. In the follicular component of the fetuses’ ovaries in the main group are appearing mature, cystic-artretic and growing forms of follicles. Immunohistochemical method revealed an increased number of an apoptotically altered eggs in the ovaries of fetuses from mothers with HILGT comparing to one in organs of fetuses from mothers with physiological pregnancy. The peroxidase method revealed an increased endotheline-producing activity of the vascular component as arterial, like a venous type; likewise a clear decrease of the hormone-producing activity in the ovaries of fetuses from mothers with HILGT comparing to such indexes in fetal organs of fetuses from mothers with physiological pregnancy. The complex of changes in the ovaries of fetuses with a 21-28 weeks of gestational term, which was described, was formed under the influence of the chronic hypoxia, prolonged antigenic stimulation as well as hormonal violations in the mother-placenta-fetus system, which is a leading link of the infectious pathology’ pathogenesis. The aforementioned complex of the structural and functional changes in the ovaries of fetuses from mothers with HILGT in a gestational term of 21-28 weeks indicates violations in implementation and formation of the fetal gonads, as well as it could further lead to disorders of the germinal function in the female organism. Key words: ovary; fetus; pregnancy; chronic infection; lower genital tract; collagen; enditheline-1; estrogen.

RaczkiewiczPrzemysław,ŚmiechNatalia,KorzecTomasz,KaniaKonrad,KaczerskaMarlena. COVID-19 and threats to pregnancy and the fetus.Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(4):11-17. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.04.001 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.04.001 https://zenodo.org/record/4661666 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.03.2021. Revised: 26.03.2021. Accepted: 28.03.2021. COVID-19 and threats to pregnancy and the fetus Przemysław Raczkiewicz, Natalia Śmiech, Tomasz Korzec, Konrad Kania, MarlenaKaczerska Medical University of Lublin, Poland Abstract 11 March 2020 WHO assessmented that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 RNA virus is highly contagious and is transmitted by droplets. It appears that pregnant women may be at a higher risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2, which increases the risk to pregnancy and fetal defects. The course of the disease in this group of patients is more severe due to the changes in the immune and respiratory systems. Despite the constantly growing number of publications on the course of COVID-19 infection, the available data is insufficient. Key words: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; pregnancy; childbirth; fetus.

Tiulienieva Olena, Davydenko Igor, Tiulienieva Viallanta, Marchuk Olena, Shelest Tetiana, Volkov Oleksandr. Features of violation of maturation of the chorionic tree of the placenta at immaturity of the placental bed of the uterus on the background of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women in terms of chronic insufficiency of manure. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(03): 258-265. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.03.025 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.03.025 https://zenodo.org/record/5136587 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2021. Revised: 26.02.2021. Accepted: 31.03.2021. Features of violation of maturation of the chorionic tree of the placenta at immaturity of the placental bed of the uterus on the background of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women in terms of chronic insufficiency of manure Olena Tiulienieva¹, Igor Davydenko¹, Viallanta Tiulienieva¹, Olena Marchuk¹, Tetiana Shelest2, Oleksandr Volkov3 1Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine 2International Humanities University, Odesa, Ukraine 3Ushinsky Pedagogical University, Odesa, Ukraine Address for correspondence Olena Tiulienieva, Department of the Pathological Anatomy, Bukovinian State Medical University, Teatralnaya Square, 2, Chernivtsi, Ukraine e-mail: tuleneva@bsmu.edu.ua, phone: +380502400144 Olena Tiulienieva https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-4076 Igor Davydenko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8395-6651 Abstract The authors of the article investigated the quantitative parameters of the placental chorion tree during physiological pregnancy and gestation against the background of iron deficiency anemia. It has been established that iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women inhibits the development of the placental chorionic tree, which is explained by the formation of chorionic villi (through trophoblastic and free processes) and violation of the transition of terminal villi to terminal "specialized" villi. The diagnosis of chronic placental insufficiency during pregnancy on the background of iron deficiency anemia can be verified morphologically based on quantitative indicators of assessment of the structure of the placental chorionic tree - the percentage of terminal villi should be higher than 43% and the percentage of terminal "specialized" villi lower than 15%. Key words: chorionic tree maturation disorders; placental immaturity; iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women; chronic placental insufficiency.

Poliasnyi V. O., Kupriianova L. S. Histochemical features of the structure of fetal ovaries in different stages of gestation from mothers with physiological pregnancy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(03): 246-257. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.03.024 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.03.024 https://zenodo.org/record/5090672 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2021. Revised: 26.02.2021. Accepted: 31.03.2021. Histochemical features of the structure of fetal ovaries in different stages of gestation from mothers with physiological pregnancy V. O. Poliasnyi, L. S. Kupriianova The International Humanitarian University, Odessa Medical Institute Odessa Abstract In the following article specific hystochemical features of the fetal ovaries’ structure from mothers with the physiological pregnancy are considered. All fetals were divided into subgroups by taking into consideration the term of gestation, as well as main stages of fetal gonads’ formation and laying. Namely: 21-28 weeks, 29-36 weeks, 37-40 weeks. All fetuses had died intranatally, as a result of acute uterine-placental circulation. The course of pregnancy in all cases was psychological, according to appropriate medical documentation. In the aim of reaching the scientific goal the following research methods were used: macroscopic, organometric, histological, histochemichal, morphometric, statistical. The comprehensive study has revealed the following features of the ovaries’ structure, depending on gestational term: weight, length, thickness, width and volume of the ovaries were reaching their minimum levels in case of fetuses with a gestational age of 21-28 weeks, while the maximum one was reached in case of fetuses on 37-42 weeks of gestation. All gonads are represented by cortical and cerebral matter, with the constant ratio despite of different gestational term. According to the growth of pregnancy term the number of germ cells decreases, while the number of apoptotically altered forms oppositely increases. Primarily it is because of the psychological cells’ death during ovarian formation. The follicular component at all stages of gestation is represented by primordial and primary follicles; at the 37-40 weeks though the atretic forms and cystically altered specimens are appearing. Moreover, in accordance with the growth of the pregnancy term, the number of primordial follicles decreases, while oppositely, the number of primary ones increases. The aforementioned changes lead to the decrease in the relative volume of follicular tissue and to the increase of the relative volume of the interstitial component. By the following histochemical methods (Felgen-Rossenbeck reaction, Brache reaction, Schiff-reaction) an increase in the functional activity of the fetal ovaries was revealed, by reaching its maximum point during gestation of the 37-40 weeks. The aforementioned features correspond with gestational terms as well as with stages of the ovarian development of the fetus. That is why they could be used as a control group during leading a research on characteristical features of fetal gonads structure of fetuses from mothers with complicated pregnancies. Key words: fetus; physiological pregnancy; ovary; follicle; ontogenesis.

Sokolova S. S. Histostructure of the thyroid gland in the sexually mature offsprings of female rats which were exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(12):47-55. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.12.005 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.12.005 https://zenodo.org/record/4315132 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 09.11.2020. Revised: 25.11.2020. Accepted: 10.12.2020. HISTOSTRUCTURE OF THE THYROID GLAND IN THE SEXUALLY MATURE OFFSPRINGS OF FEMALE RATS WHICH WERE EXPOSED TO PASSIVE SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY S. S. Sokolova SE "V. Ya. Danilevsky Institute of Endocrine Pathology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine ”, Kharkiv, Ukraine Abstract Active smoking or passive entry of tobacco smoke into the body of a pregnant leads to the effects of nicotine on the fetus’s cells, which causes many problems of fetal development and health problems in the later life of the offspring. The researches made has conclusively proven that smoking during pregnancy contributes to the development of many endocrine disorders. The effect of tobacco smoke on the increase of leptin, C-reactive protein, decrease of adiponectin, as well as on the appearance of antibodies to islet cells of the pancreas, as the first step to the development of type 1 diabetes, was determined by epidemiological studies. In studying the effects of nicotine during lactation it was concluded that the consumption of 6 mg / kg / day of nicotine, hyperleptinemia and primary hypothyroidism develops in the newborn, and later in adulthood, all components of the metabolic syndrome. At the same time, the data on the effect of nicotine entering the mother's body and its further influence on the offspring’s thyroid gland are few. The objective: to the study histofunctional and morphometric features of the thyroid gland of both sexes offsprings born by mothers which were exposed to "passive" smoking during pregnancy. The study object: 6-month-old Wistar rats, first-generation offspring derived from control (intact) females that were exposed to tobacco smoke components in a reproduction model of "passive" smoking. Histological and morphometric changes of the thyroid gland of 6-month-old offspring of mothers in whose bodies the products of cigarette combustion entered through the respiratory tract were studied. Morphofunctional criteria of instability and changes in the microstructure of the thyroid gland of offsprings whose mothers were exposed to nicotine in postnatal life were determined. Primary apoptotic-destructive processes in parenchyma, the formation of unstructured cell fields and microfollicles allow us to consider these offsprings as a risk group for thyroid pathology in terms of additional exposure to negative factors of "passive" smoking. Key words: "passive" smoking of pregnant women; offspring; thyroid gland; morphofunctional features.

Posokhova S. P., Kucherenko O. U. Comprehensive assessment of the premature fetus condition in pregnant women with prelabor rupture of membranes. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(12):256-262. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.12.025 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.12.025 https://zenodo.org/record/4479322 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 09.11.2020. Revised: 25.11.2020. Accepted: 28.12.2020. COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE PREMATURE FETUS CONDITION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PRELABOR RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES S. P. Posokhova, O. U. Kucherenko Odessa National Medical University Odessa regional perinatal center Abstract Introduction. Perinatal hypoxia - ischemia is the cause of 30 - 35% of neonatal fatalities. Inflammatory factors such as prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal fever, are often accompanied by chorioamnionitis, associated with the birth of low Apgar scores children, convulsions of newborns and the diagnosis of "birth asphyxia" in infants who then develop cerebral palsy. The objective: to assess the condition and behavior of the premature fetus in pregnant women with prelabor rupture of membranes Materials and methods. The treatment (main) group (TG) consisted of 80 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies who gave birth to premature infants at gestation 27 + 6 - 34 weeks. The comparison group (CG) included 60 pregnant women at 27 + 6 - 34 weeks of gestation who were hospitalized with spontaneous preterm birth. Ultrasound examination to determine the behavior of the fetus on the scale of the neurological test KANET was performed. Results and discussion. The most common complication was the threat of abortion in the third trimester in CG pregnant women (76.6%), which is 1.3 times more if compared with TG (60%) data. Placental dysfunction and fetal growth retardation were 2 times greater in CG (TG-16.2%, CG-35%). One in five pregnant women in both groups had dehydration, which complicated the fetus’s development and condition. The long anhydrous period of more than 48 hours was in 22 (36.6%) CG pregnant women, which is 10 times more often than in the treatment group. In 7 (11.6%) cases, CG women had chorioamnionitis. KANET neurological test showed that the fetuses of the TG pregnant women with prelabor rupture of memebranes, who underwent neuroprotection with magnesium sulfate in 87.5% of cases showed normal behavior. The fetuses of pregnant women from the CG had normal neurological behavior in only 64.5% of cases , i.e.1.3 times less than in the TG. Conclusions: Prelabor rupture of membranes in premature pregnancy affects the course of pregnancy, leads to premature birth, increases the risk of intrauterine infection, changes the antenatal behavior of the fetus and can lead to hypoxic - ischemic brain damage with subsequent adverse effects. Key words: hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; premature infants; KANET neurological test.

Romanenko I. Yu., Romanenko I. V., Romanenko Yu. I., Glushchenko V. R., Romanenko V. I., Zaitsev M. A. Relationship between hyperventilation syndrome and anxiety disorders in women-internally displaced persons with threatened miscarriage. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(12):278-285. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.12.028 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.12.028 https://zenodo.org/record/4552664 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 09.11.2020. Revised: 25.11.2020. Accepted: 28.12.2020. 618.39-06:[616.839:616.8-616.89-008.19]-055.2˝364˝(-074/075) RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME AND ANXIETY DISORDERS IN WOMEN-INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS WITH THREATENED MISCARRIAGE I. Yu. Romanenko1, I. V. Romanenko2, Yu. I. Romanenko1, V. R. Glushchenko2, V. I. Romanenko3, M. A. Zaitsev4 1Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; 2SI "Lugansk State Medical University", Rubіzhne, Ukraine; 3Ukrainian Institute of Pain, Kyiv, Ukraine; 4Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract The protracted armed conflicts create not only political, legal, socio-economic problems, form the migration flows of the population, but also affect the somatic and mental health of people. Pregnancy is a critical stage in the development of a woman's personality. According to recent studies, about 54% of women during pregnancy experience anxiety, the prevalence of hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) in population is 6-9.5%. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of hyperventilation syndrome and to establish its relationship with anxiety disorders in women - internally displaced persons with threatened miscarriage, living in the Luhansk region to improve treatment measures and prevent obstetric and perinatal complications. Material and Methods. The study included 35 pregnant women - IDPs who were hospitalized regarding threatened miscarriage to the hospitals, located in the Luhansk region (group I). The control group consisted of 30 pregnant women with non-complicated obstetric anamnesis and physiological course of pregnancy with similar gestational period of pregnancy and place of residence. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess the level of anxiety, the Nijmegen questionnaire was used to identify the manifestations of HVS. Results and discussion. Manifestations of HVS were observed in 8.57 % of patients of group I, in group II were not recorded. Patients of group I had significantly higher levels of state and trait anxiety, HVS. In group I a positive correlations between the indicators of HVS and indicators of state and trait anxiety were found. Conclusions. Antenatal study of levels of anxiety, manifestations of HVS in pregnant women - IDPs with threatened miscarriage will allow to individualize the approach to the management of pregnancy and if needed to timely develop rehabilitating measures, that will contribute to a successful outcome of the pregnancy and affect the health of the mother and her offspring. Keywords: pregnancy; threatened miscarriage; hyperventilation syndrome; anxiety.

Khmil S. V., Drozdovska Yu. B. Management of women with infertility and uterine leiomyoma in assisted reproductive technology programs. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(10): 344-357. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.10.033 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.10.033 https://zenodo.org/record/4535889 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 18.09.2020. Revised: 12.10.2020. Accepted: 30.10.2020. UDC 618. 177–089.888.11–006.363.03/618.14.004.14 MANAGEMENT OF WOMEN WITH INFERTILITY AND UTERINE LEIOMYOMA IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS S. V. Khmil1,2, Yu. B. Drozdovska1 1SHEI “I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the MoH of Ukraine”, Ternopil, Ukraine 2Medical Center “Clinic of Prof. Stefan Khmil”, Ternopil, Ukraine Khmil, Stefan Volodymyrovych – Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1, SHEI “I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the MoH of Ukraine”, honored scientist of Ukraine, professor, doctor of medicine, director of Medical Center “Clinic of Prof. Stefan Khmil”. Drozdovska, Yuliia Bohdanivna – a post-graduate student of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1, SHEI “I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the MoH of Ukraine”; tel.: +38 (068) 583-67-39. Abstract In the structure of female infertility, one of the important causes is the uterine factor of infertility, namely, uterine leiomyoma, which is diagnosed in 13.3–24.0% of cases and leads to loss of reproductive function and pregnancy pathology. Aim of research: to increase the incidence of pregnancy in infertile women with uterine leiomyoma by analyzing the main factors in the development of this pathology and optimizing the treatment and prevention complex. Material and research methods. A randomized clinical trial was performed among 175 (29.0%) women of reproductive age with a UL diagnosis, and the control group (CG) of 32 somatically healthy women with normal menstrual and reproductive functions, who were divided into the following groups: Main Group A (MG) – 137 women with UL, who were further divided into subgroups for evaluation of the treatment: subgroup A1 – 55 women with UL after laparoscopy and hysteroscopy with the proposed treatment complex (TC), subgroup A2 – 45 women with UL after hysteroscopy and TC, subgroup A3 – 37 women with UL and the proposed drug treatment without surgical removal of UL; comparison group B – 38 women with UL and conventional treatment. Results. The age of the examined patients was (33.9 ± 7.8) years (26–42 years), BMI - (23.5 ± 5.2) kg / m², AMH – 1.8 ng / ml (0.4–5), 2 ng / ml). The duration of infertility was 2–15 years on average (5.4 ± 0.5 years). Primary infertility was diagnosed in 43 patients (24.5%), and secondary – in 132 women (75.5%). 93 (53.7%) women developed hypermenorrhea, of which one in three indicated a history of anemia. 31 (17.7%) women complained of algodysmenorrhea; in 43 (24.6%) women, dysmenorrhea occurred after the appearance of uterine fibroids, and 23 women (13.2%) had irregular menstruation. During hysteroresectoscopy, single submucosal nodes “on the pedicle”, which had clear contours, a rounded shape, a dense consistency, and deformed the uterine cavity, were found in 71 (40.8%) patients. Of these, 51 (71.8%) nodes were whitish in color with isolated small hemorrhages, and in the remaining 20 (28.2%) cases, the nodes were covered with a lace of stretched and altered blood vessels. Analysis of the location and size of the nodes revealed that in every third patient (25 patients, 35.2%) the size of the node was about 2.5 cm, in every fourth (19 patients, 26.7%) nodes were up to 4 cm, in other patients (27 patients, 38.0%) the nodes were up to 5 cm and greater in size Interstitial-submucosal myomas with a combination of subserous nodes were diagnosed in 104 (59.2%) of the examined women and visualized as a bulge of one of the uterine walls. During hysteroresectoscopy, we visualized endometrial hyperplasia in 89 (50.8%) patients, which was subsequently confirmed histologically in 67 (38.3%) women, and secretory transformation of the endometrium in the remaining 22 (12.5%). In 22 (12.6%) patients, we observed hysteroscopic signs of chronic endometritis; this diagnosis was also confirmed morphologically, which was manifested by uneven thickening of the endometrium and micropolyps. The use of our improved algorithm of rehabilitation measures allowed to reduce the period of menstrual bleeding in 42 (48.8%) women in group A2, which was 1.3 times more effective than in the comparison group and 1.4 times more effective than in patients of group A3. Menstrual discharge was 1.9-fold and 1.8-fold lower compared to A1 women who refused surgery and 1.2-fold lower than in the comparison group. The effectiveness of the proposed treatment was analyzed, and the frequency of pregnancy was evaluated; findings indicate that the highest efficiency was observed in women of group A2 – 31.1% of cases, which was 2 times higher than the comparison group and 2.3 times higher than in group A3. Conclusion. Uterine leiomyoma is mainly the cause of infertility due to a mechanical factor. Laparo- and hysteroresectoscopy is the optimal method of pre-pregnancy treatment for women with uterine leiomyoma who are undergoing infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technologies. Laparo- and hysteroresectoscopy is an organ-sparing operation that has a number of advantages: easy postoperative period, no adhesions, which, in turn, increases the frequency of pregnancy and reduces premature delivery. Key words: uterine leiomyoma; laparo- and hysteroscopy; controlled ovarian stimulation; assisted reproductive technologies.

Kozłowska Marta, Zaniuk Marcin, Wójcik Piotr, Rogowska Monika, Tomczyk Jan. Safety of anti-influenza vaccination during pregnancy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport.2020;10(9):664-670. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.080 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.09.080 https://zenodo.org/record/4047725 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.09.2020. Revised: 24.09.2020. Accepted: 24.09.2020. Safety of anti-influenza vaccination during pregnancy Marta Kozłowska ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7791-508X Affiliation Medical University of Lublin Country Poland Bio Statement — Principal contact for editorial correspondence. Marcin Zaniuk ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4643-0594 Affiliation Medical University of Lublin Country Poland Bio Statement — Piotr Wójcik ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9078-3701 Affiliation Medical University of Lublin Country Poland Bio Statement — Monika Rogowska ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-7307 Affiliation Medical University of Lublin Country Poland Bio Statement — Jan Tomczyk ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-3819 Affiliation Medical University of Lublin Country Poland Bio Statement — Abstract Flu, while seemingly harmless, is actually much more dangerous. These include ubiquity, high contagiousness and the possibility of serious complications. The flu is associated with serious complications, especially in pregnancy. It includes increased rates of miscarriage, stillbirths, neonatal deaths, premature births, and decreased birth weight. The flu vaccine is an effective and safe preventive measure. According to WHO anti-flu vaccine is recommended to women in any trimester of the pregnancy. Research shows that vaccination during pregnancy is safe and does not cause foetal or maternal complications. Moreover, maternal antibodies cross the placenta and can protect infant against influenza up to 6 months. The most common reasons for refusing vaccines by pregnant women are hesitations and fear of adverse pregnancy outcome. Due to that it is important to increase the society’s awareness about flu complications during pregnancy as well for women and for children. Successful immunization of the society requires improving its vaccination behaviour and can benefit in reducing frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Key words: flu vaccination, pregnancy, influenza, safety.

Stanicki Paweł, Szarpak Julita, Wieteska Małgorzata, Kaczyńska Agnieszka, Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina. Specifics of COVID-19 in pregnant women and their children - a review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(9):103‑110. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.011 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.09.011 https://zenodo.org/record/4014369 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 10.08.2020. Revised: 15.08.2020. Accepted: 04.09.2020. Specifics of COVID-19 in pregnant women and their children - a review Paweł Stanicki1, Julita Szarpak1, Małgorzata Wieteska1, Agnieszka Kaczyńska1, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna2 1. Student Research Circle at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2. Chair and Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland ORCID ID and E-mail: Paweł Stanicki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-9030; stanicki99@gmail.com Julita Szarpak https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-0235; julita.szarpak@gmail.com Małgorzata Wieteska https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1566-7559; malgosia.wieteska@onet.eu Agnieszka Kaczyńska https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-9401; agaagnieszkakk@gmail.com Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0573-7226; halina.piecewicz-szczesna@umlub.pl Abstract: Introduction and purpose: The first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were recorded in the last months of 2019 in the Chinese city Wuhan. Since then, COVID-19 has spread throughout the world. Still little is known about the perinatal aspects of COVID-19. Objective of this article is to present the course of coronavirus disease in pregnant women with particular emphasis on the occurrence of intrauterine infection and preterm births. Brief description of the state of knowledge: SARS-CoV-2 calling COVID-19 probably comes from bats sold at the Wuhan market. This virus is highly contagious, it spreads from person to person. The most common symptoms of infection include: fever, cough and ground-glass opacity (GGO) in chest radiographs. The analyzes carried out so far show that the course of the disease in pregnant women is similar to that of non-pregnant patients. Women present typical signs of infection. Most researchers also exclude the presence of intrauterine infection, although there have been reports of isolated cases. The percentage of premature births in women with COVID-19 is higher than average. Summary: The course of coronavirus disease in pregnant women is similar to that of other infected women. While most studies do exclude the presence of a vertical infection, there are reports of severe course of the disease and possible vertical infection. Patients with COVID-19 may be more prone to premature delivery, however, to confirm this thesis, it is necessary to examine a larger number of pregnant women. Key words: pregnancy; SARS virus; vertical transmission

Wójcik Justyna, Obuchowska Aleksandra, Ozga Alicja, Standyło Arkadiusz, Obuchowska Karolina, Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta,Leszczyńska-GorzelakBożena.The effect of intestinal microbiota on pregnancy and baby's health. Journal of Education, Health and Sport.2020;10(9):803-810. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.097 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.09.097 https://zenodo.org/record/4052945 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.09.2020. Revised: 27.09.2020. Accepted: 27.09.2020. The effect of intestinal microbiota on pregnancy and baby's health Justyna Wójcik1a, Aleksandra Obuchowska1b, Alicja Ozga1c, Arkadiusz Standyło1d, Karolina Obuchowska1e, Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar2e, Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak2g ajustynawojcik455@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-6784 baobuchowska12@gma 6il.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-2695 caozga1@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-905X da.standylo@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5154-4759 ekarolinaobuchowska99@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-8236 fzkimber@poczta.onet.pl; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-0409 gb.leszczynska@umlub.pl; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-1982 1Student's Scientific Association at the Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Corresponding author: Justyna Wójcik Student's Scientific Association at the Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology Jaczewskiego 8 Street 20-954 Lublin, Poland e-mail: justynawojcik455@gmail.com Abstract Introduction: The intestinal microflora (IM) is a heterogeneous complex of all microorganisms inhabiting the human body, both commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic. It consists mainly of bacteria, but also of viruses, archaea, fungi and protozoa. IM has an important metabolic and immunological role and participates in the course of pathological processes. The composition of a newborn and baby’s IM changes dynamically in the first year of life. Just in the first days of birth, the newborn is exposed to many different strains of bacteria, including Staphylococcus sp. and Enterococcus sp. Aim: To purpose of systematic review was to collect and analyze material of effect of the mother's gut microbiota on the pregnancy and of the health of baby. Material and methods: Review of the literature published in 2008-2020. Conclusion:The uterus environment was originally considered sterile and the newborn's intestines were to be colonized only during and after delivery. However, recent studies indicate that placenta and amniotic fluid are involved in microbiota colonization of fetal intestines during prenatal life. This means that the fetus has an initial stock of microorganisms before birth. In addition, a significant effect of maternal diet and probiotic supplementation during pregnancy on the composition of microorganisms found in the amniotic fluid has been demonstrated. There is also a relationship between microbiotic programming in the aspect of civilization diseases. Summary:The education of women of reproductive age on the subject of proper nutrition and supplementation during pregnancy and the puerperium is extremely important. Undertaking pro-health activities will affect the child's future health and development. Key words: intestinal microbiota (IM), microbiotic programming, probiotic supplementation

Makuch Marcelina, Makuch Marcin. Pulmonary embolism during pregnancy: How to avoid computed tomographic pulmonary angiography? Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(9):364‑368. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.042 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.09.042 https://zenodo.org/record/4035321 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 12.09.2020. Revised: 17.09.2020. Accepted: 18.09.2020. Pulmonary embolism during pregnancy: How to avoid computed tomographic pulmonary angiography? Marcelina Makuch, Marcin Makuch Marcelina Makuch ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-7006 Affiliation Medical University of Lublin. Chair and Department of Pneumology, Oncology and Allergology Country Poland Bio Statement — Marcin Makuch ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7139-9862 Affiliation Medical University of Lublin, Chair and Department of Internal Diseases Country Poland Bio Statement — Principal contact for editorial correspondence. Abstract Pregnancy and the postpartum period are well-established risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) remains the gold standard in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE), but exposure to teratogenic factors should be avoided in pregnant women. A few years ago the YEARS algorithm was developed, primarily to determine the need for CTPA. Key words: venous thromboembolism; pulmonary embolism; computed tomographic pulmonary angiography; YEARS algorithm

Kozyra Magdalena, Zimnicki Patryk, Kaczerska Justyna, Śmiech Natalia, Nowińska Martyna, Milanowska Joanna. The effect of vitamin D on mental health – literature analysis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(8):398‑407. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.08.048 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.08.048 https://zenodo.org/record/4007105 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.08.2020. Revised: 05.08.2020. Accepted: 29.08.2020. The effect of vitamin D on mental health – literature analysis Magdalena Kozyra1, Patryk Zimnicki1, Justyna Kaczerska1, Natalia Śmiech1, Martyna Nowińska1, Joanna Milanowska2 (1) Student Research Group of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin (2) Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin *Address for correspodence: Staffa 24, 20-454 Lublin, telephone number: 695562174, e-mail address: madzia.kozyra.1221@poczta.onet.pl ORCID ID and E-mail Magdalena Kozyra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-4102 madzia.kozyra.1221@poczta.onet.pl Patryk Zimnicki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-8661 patryk.zimnicki.97@o2.pl Justyna Kaczerska https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2642-9377 justynakaczerska@gmail.com Natalia Śmiech https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-7969 natalia.smiech@gmail.com Martyna Nowińska https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-698X m.nowinska98@gmail.com Joanna Milanowska https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9741-1583 joannamilanowska@umlub.pl ABSTRACT Introduction: Many sources list a number of properties of vitamin D on human health. It seems that the benefits of using this vitamin include not only the regulation of the calcium-phosphate metabolism, but also a number of other applications, also in human mental health. The aim of the study: The aim of the study was to research about the influence of vitamin D on the mental health. The research was done on the problems such as depression, anxiety, psychoses, stress, mood and emotions. Material and method: The literature was found using websites such as PubMed or Google Scholar was used to develop this work. Description of the state of knowledge: A number of studies have confirmed that vitamin D can have a significant impact on reducing the level of depression. One example of a study on this topic is that high vitamin D supplementation in women in early pregnancy can protect them from late depression during the last weeks of pregnancy. Likewise, adequate vitamin D supplementation in older people can improve mental health and reduce the likelihood of depression and Seasonal Mood Disorder (SAD). In addition, vitamin D can reduce the probability of psychosis or anxiety disorders. Summary: Many sources report a positive correlation between vitamin D supply and mental health. Often the differences are also noticeable, but not statistically significant. This work sometimes shows divergent views of scientists, which is important to continue research into the effects of vitamin D on mental health in humans. Keywords: vitamin D; anxiety; depression; psychoses; stress; mood

Roczniak Katarzyna, Babuśka – Roczniak Magdalena, Wojtanowska – Kaczka Magdalena, Lyubinets Oleh, Roczniak Wojciech. An example of health training for pregnant women. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(6):179-185. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.06.020 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.06.020 https://zenodo.org/record/3905418 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.06.2020. Revised: 15.06.2020. Accepted: 24.06.2020. An example of health training for pregnant women Przykładowy trening prozdrowotny dla kobiety w ciąży Katarzyna Roczniak1, Magdalena Babuśka – Roczniak2, MagdalenaWojtanowska – Kaczka2, Oleh Lyubinets3 ,Wojciech Roczniak2 1New World of Physiotherapy, Suprasl, Poland 2 The Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, Medical Institute, Sanok, Poland 3 Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine Summary With the expansion of the knowledge about the physiology of pregnancy is changing the recommendation for safe management during its duration. More and more often talk about the need for physical activity due to maintaining or even increasing cardiopulmonary capacity, muscle strength, range of joint mobility, especially the hip and spine. And the right conduct and selection of exercises not only guarantees the development of the child, but also prepares the future mother for active participation in childbirth. Regular gymnastics and properly selected exercises, as part of pregnancy care with a physiological, uncomplicated course, are widely recognized. It is important that such awareness also have women expecting a child, while gaining additional motivation to exercise. In this article, we have tried to present and justify the valuable effect of the mentioned gymnastic exercises , which a pregnant woman can do without medical contraindications. Key words: pregnancy, physical activity, woman, childbirth Streszczenie Wraz z poszerzaniem się wiedzy na temat fizjologii ciąży zmieniają się zalecenie dotyczące bezpiecznego postępowania w czasie jej trwania. Coraz częściej mówi się o konieczności podejmowania aktywności fizycznej z powodu utrzymania lub nawet zwiększenia wydolności krążeniowo-oddechowej, siły mięśni, zakresu ruchomości stawów szczególnie biodrowych i kręgosłupa. A właściwe postępowanie i dobór ćwiczeń gwarantuje nie tylko rozwój dziecka, ale także przygotowanie przyszłą mamę do aktywnego udziału w porodzie. Regularna gimnastyka oraz odpowiednio dobrane ćwiczenia, jako części pielęgnacji ciąży o fizjologicznym, niepowikłanym przebiegu są powszechnie uznawane. Ważne jest, aby taką świadomość posiadały również kobiety oczekujące dziecka, jednocześnie zyskując dodatkową motywację do ćwiczeń. W artykule tym staraliśmy się przedstawić i uzasadnić wartościowe działanie przytoczonych w parcy ćwiczeń gimnastycznych, które kobieta w ciąży bez przeciwwskazań lekarskich mogą wykonać. Słowa kluczowe: ciąża, aktywność fizyczna, kobieta, poród

Florczyk Weronika, Weber-Nowakowska Katarzyna, Gębska Magdalena. The influence of thyroid function disorders on pregnant women on the Apgar scale and psychomotor development of the child in the first 18 months of life. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(4):99-112. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.04.012 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.04.012 https://zenodo.org/record/3749858 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.03.2020. Revised: 25.03.2020. Accepted: 13.04.2020. The influence of thyroid function disorders on pregnant women on the Apgar scale and psychomotor development of the child in the first 18 months of life Weronika Florczyk1, Katarzyna Weber-Nowakowska2, Magdalena Gębska2 1) A Student of Physiotherapy at the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin 2) Department of Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal System, Pomeranian University of Medical in Szczecin. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin Correspondence address Gębska Magdalena, Doctor of Health Sciences, e-mail: mgebska@pum.edu.pl ABSTRACT Introduction. In the prenatal period, there are many exogenous and endogenous factors, which adversely affect the normal development of the fetus and may affect the further development of the child. The impaired reference level of thyroid hormones pregnant woman may entail a number of complications, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, wherein the process takes place organogenesis and the formation of the nervous system. Goal. The overall objective of the work is to verify the correlation between hypothyroidism and child developmental problems in the first eighteen months of life and the Apgar scale. Materials and methods. The study included 200 pregnant women aged 17 to 40 years of age. The research tool was an online, proprietary questionnaire, which has been placed in social groups, which included pregnant women struggling with hypothyroidism. Conclusions. Developmental disorders up to 18 months of children age occurred in 45% of women with thyroid dysfunction, of which 43% related to symptoms of neurological problems including 56% of impaired muscle tone. The present study demonstrates that the final outcome Apgar does not forecast problems in the course of further development of the child up to 18 months of age. Significant further research, which will help establish the presence of mechanisms adverse impact on offspring and pregnancy outcomes. Keywords: hypothyroidism; pregnancy; Apgar; physiotherapy; child development; dysfunction of the child.

Vlasova Olena Vasylivna, Hrytsiuk Mariana Ivanivna, Marusyk Uliana Ivanivna. Influence of ultra-small particles (10-20 nm) in the atmospheric air of Chernivtsi during intrauterine development on the course of sepsis in newborns. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(11): 374-380. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2019.09.11.034 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2019.09.11.034 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3684459 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 06.11.2019. Revised: 14.11.2019. Accepted: 29.11.2019. INFLUENCE OF ULTRA-SMALL PARTICLES (10-20 NM) IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR OF CHERNIVTSI DURING INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT ON THE COURSE OF SEPSIS IN NEWBORNS Olena Vasylivna Vlasova- Candidate of Medical Sciences, Doctoral Student of the Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Infectious Diseases of HSEE of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, e-mail: vlasovaolena01@gmail.com https://orcid.org/000-0003-4253-0731 Mariana Ivanivna Hrytsiuk- Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Social Medicine and Public Health of HSEE of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”, Chernivtsi, Ukraine; e-mail: m.grytsiuk@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-6417 Uliana Ivanivna Marusyk- Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Infectious Diseases of HSEE of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University”, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. e-mail: sunocher@ukr.net; https://orcid.org/000-0002-4789-7367 Abstract Unfavorable environmental factors that affect parents cause impaired programmed development, the fetus, especially in its sensitive period. Even environmental factors of low intensity due to the bioaccumulation of xenobiotics in maternal tissues and their release to the bloodstream during pregnancy can have a pathogenic effect on the fetus, especially during sensitive periods of its development. To analyze the influence of the content of ultra-small particles (10-20 nm) in the atmospheric air during prenatal development on the course of sepsis in newborns. Based on the results of the analysis of content in the atmospheric air, two clinical observation subgroups were formed. The first subgroup included 17 patients with neonatal sepsis in whom the UFPs content in the air exceeded 1.0 in one of the periods. The second subgroup consisted of 35 newborns with sepsis in whom the content of UFPs 10-20 nm in the atmospheric air was less than 1.0 in one of these periods. The content in the atmospheric air of ultra-small particles (10-20 nm) during the sensitive period of pre-natal development did not significantly affect the gestational age of newborns, the content in their blood in the presence of sepsis of interleukins-6, -8, -10, pressepsin, procalcitonin, C-RP and immunoglobulins of classes A, G, M, as well as the duration of intensive care and inpatient care. Key words: Neonatal sepsis; environmental factors; immunoglobulins; presepsin; interleukin-6,-8,-10; C-RP.

Deinichenko O.V., Krut Yu.Ya. Angiogenesis factors and placental hormones in the first trimester of pregnancy of women with arterial hypertension of stage 1 and 2 with further fetal growth retardation. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(9):1037-1048. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3463041 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7505 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.08.2019. Revised: 31.08.2019. Accepted: 22.09.2019. Angiogenesis factors and placental hormones in the first trimester of pregnancy of women with arterial hypertension of stage 1 and 2 with further fetal growth retardation Deinichenko O.V. 1, Krut Yu.Ya. 1 1 Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine Correspondence to: Olena Deinichenko, Postgraduate Student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ZSMU. Tel. 0979055451. Email Address: agol0309@gmail.com. ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8932-230X Kruty Yuriy Yakovlevich, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ZSMU. Tel. 0688775795. Email address: yuriy.krut@ukr.net. ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-6752 Abstract The disbalance of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, hormonal balance shift in fetal growth retardation (FGR) among high-risk pregnant women plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of this pathological condition and may serve as a prognostic criterion in early pregnancy. Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective study of 88 pregnant women at 12-13 weeks of pregnancy. The pro-angiogenic placental growth factor (PIGF) and anti-angiogenic – placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1) and their ratio (sFlt-1/PIGF coefficient) were determined. Estradiol (E), progesterone (PG), and chorionic gonadotropin (CG) were determined among the placental hormones. Results. PIGF was statistically significantly reduced in pregnant women with FGR (6,7 pg/ml) comparing to the results of group 2 (18,7 pg/ml; p˂0,05) and it was reduced comparing to group 3 (15,5 pg/ml; 0,05˂ p˂0,1). The levels of sFlt-1, by contrast, were highest among the women in group 1: (1972,3 pg/ml; p˂0,05) compared to the control group (1384,4 pg/ml) and compared to 3 group (1595,3 pg/ml; 0,05˂p˂0,1). sFlt-1/PIGF was significantly higher for patients of group 1 (596,5 units) compared to group 2 (252,2 units), р˂0,05. Conclusion. In pregnant women with hypertension of 1 and 2 degrees, which in the first trimester of pregnancy (12-13 weeks of gestation) there was the decrease in levels of PIGF, increase in sFlt-1 levels and increase in the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio, the fetal growth retardation develops in future in comparison to women without hypertension. The levels of PIGF are significantly lower and the coefficient values are higher than those ones of pregnant women with hypertension of 1st degree. The levels of placental hormones of this pathology are not statistically significantly different from the data of the control group. Key words: fetal growth retardation; growth factor; placental hormones; pregnancy; hypertension.

Szydełko Magdalena, Szydełko Joanna, Litwińczuk Michał. Multiple myeloma during pregnancy as a challenge in clinical practice – a review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(8):920-937. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3408437 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7453 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.07.2019. Revised: 25.07.2019. Accepted: 14.09.2019. Multiple myeloma during pregnancy as a challenge in clinical practice – a review Magdalena Szydełko1a, Joanna Szydełko2b, Michał Litwińczuk2c 1Medical Student, I Faculty of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland amszydelko@interia.pl, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6216-9934 bjszydelko@interia.pl, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3744-9058 cmlitwinczuk405@gmail.com, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4086-6779 Corresponding author: Joanna Szydełko Department of Endocrinology Jaczewskiego 8 Street 20-954 Lublin, Poland phone: +48 81 72 44 668 e-mail: jszydelko@interia.pl Key words: multiple myeloma, pregnancy, symptoms, diagnosis, therapeutic strategies Abstract Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by an abnormal proliferation and accumulation of monoclonal plasma cells. MM typically affects the elderly people with the median age at the diagnosis between 65 to 74 years. Only in < 2% of cases it is observed Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to present the review of the literature concerning the cases of MM in pregnancy as a great challenge in clinical practice. Moreover, the most common symptoms, diagnostic as well as therapeutic strategies of MM in pregnancy were discussed. The influence of the status of the newborns and the pregnant women were also analyzed. Description of knowledge: Our overview revealed 44 cases of MM in pregnancy. It was predominantly diagnosed in the 2nd or 3rd trimester and the median age of women was 34 years. The caesarean section seemed to be the recommended method of delivery and the mean gestational age at the delivery was 35. hbd. Nearly all of the newborns were born premature, but healthy. The symptoms were similar to those in the general population (bone pain, signs of anemia, hypercalcemia) and in single cases the renal failure, hypertensive or bilateral breast lumps were observed. Steroids were predominantly administered and the therapy based on cyclophosphamide, urethane or interferon was the rarity. Conclusions: MM in pregnancy seems not be a contraindication for maintaining of gestation. The management may be problematic due to the lack of guidelines concerning the methods of treatment as well as its safety for the fetus. Based on the literature, steroids are the most certain and efficient anti-MM drugs in pregnancy. However, the majority of newborns are premature, which is also associated with the possibility of later complications. &nbsp

Wasik Magdalena. Women's knowledge on Cytomegalovirus infection and prophylactic measures in the light of own research. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(8):461-475. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3379326 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7337 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2019. Revised: 15.08.2019. Accepted: 27.08.2019. Women's knowledge on Cytomegalovirus infection and prophylactic measures in the light of own research Magdalena Wasik Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Poland Abstract Introduction: Recently an increasing number of infections caused by Cytomegalovirus (CMV) have been observed worldwide. A human being is the reservoir of the infection. The infected person releases viruses in saliva, tears, semen and urine. Pregnant women, newborns, AIDS patients and immunocompromised persons are the most exposed to the severe clinical course of the infection. Preventive measures play an important role in limiting the spread of CMV infections. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge of women about Cytomegalovirus infection and preventive actions taking into account variables such as age, education and number of children. Material and method: The study was conducted in the period from February to June 2016 by means of a diagnostic survey. 63 women aged 20 and over took part in the survey. The tool used in the study was a questionnaire. The most numerous group were the respondents aged 20-29 years and the least aged 40-49 years. The research results were developed in Microsoft Excel and Statistica 13.1. Results: The data analysis shows that women with higher and secondary education have greater knowledge about Cytomegalovirus than women with vocational education. Conclusions: The level of knowledge of women about Cytomegalovirus infection varies according to the education of the women who have undergone the study. It is extremely important to disseminate knowledge about the prophylactic measures that can significantly affect the proper development of the foetus. Key words: cytomegaly, pregnancy, prophylactic effects

Janik-Fuks Inga, Maciejewska Martyna, Korabiusz Katarzyna, Wawryków Agata, Wilczyńska Agnieszka, Stecko Monika, Fabian-Danielewska Anna. Role of social support for pregnant women in maternal and postpartum care. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(6):366-370. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250420 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7042 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.05.2019. Revised: 25.05.2019. Accepted: 20.06.2019. Role of social support for pregnant women in maternal and postpartum care mgr Inga Janik-Fuks¹, mgr Martyna Maciejewska¹, mgr Katarzyna Korabiusz1, mgr Agata Wawryków¹, mgr Agnieszka Wilczyńska¹, mgr Monika Stecko1, Lek.AnnaFabian-Danielewska1,2 Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Studium Doktoranckie Wydziału Nauk o Zdrowiu NZOZ Przychodnia Medycyny Rodzinnej W.Fabian S.J., ul. Bł. Kadłubka 10-11, 71-521 Szczecin Corespondent author’s data: Inga Janik-Fuks email: inga.janik@wp.pl telefon: 697458242 Key words: social support, pregnancy, anxiety Abstract Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum care is special time in woman’s life. Often those moment cause many different emotions, both positive and negative. Mothers-to-be are often scared of childbirth, with following strong fear for life and health of their baby. The very moment of delivery can be special experience, unfortunately not always pleasant. This is why there is special note given to the role of social support as factor enhancing the proces of adaptation to the new role. Adequate support can reduce fear of childbirth, reduce probability of postpartum depression and enhance proper mother – child interaction.

Dąbrowska Maria, Lisiecki Jakub, Biernacki Maciej, Paruszewska – Achtel Monika, Ulenberg Agata, Ulenberg Grzegorz. Kinesiotherapy as a method supporting the rehabilitation of lumbosacral spine pain in pregnant women. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(5):359-362. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3228940 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6937 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 28.04.2019. Revised: 28.04.2019. Accepted: 26.05.2019. Kinesiotherapy as a method supporting the rehabilitation of lumbosacral spine pain in pregnant women Dąbrowska Maria¹, Lisiecki Jakub¹, Biernacki Maciej¹, Paruszewska – Achtel Monika¹, Ulenberg Agata², Ulenberg Grzegorz ³ 1 Department of Anatomy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum 2 Fundamentals of Clinical Skills Laboratory and Medical Simulation, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum 3 Cathedral treatment of Nursing, Department of Nursing in Intensive Care Medicine, Summary During pregnancy, a number of changes take place in the woman's body. They often cause pain in the spine, especially the lumbosacral segment. Dynamic slicing supports the rehabilitation of women during pregnancy, thanks to the fact that it has an analgesic effect, improves the flow of limes and increases the elasticity of tissues. Kinesiotherapy included in the rehabilitation is an effective method of pain relief in this area in pregnant women. Keywords: Kinesiology taping, pregnancy, spine pain, lumbosacral segment, physiotherapy

AdamczykGruszka Olga, LewandowskaAndruszuk Izabela, Wrześniewska Marzena, Gruszka Jakub, KomarGruszka Karolina. Primary biliary cirrhosis in pregnancy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(6):212-226. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1283133 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5557 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/866664 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.05.2018. Revised: 18.05.2018. Accepted: 05.06.2018. Primary biliary cirrhosis in pregnancy Olga AdamczykGruszka1, Izabela LewandowskaAndruszuk2, MarzenaWrześniewska3, Jakub Gruszka4, Karolina KomarGruszka5 1Olga Adamczyk – Gruszka PhD: Departament of Prophylaxis In Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland, e- mail: kasia.kielce@poczta.fm, mobile phone: 605233038, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1295-009X 2Izabela Lewandowska-Andruszuk Phd Departament of Perinatology and Obstetric - Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7465-2667 3Marzena Wrześniewska MA: Department of Nursing Skills and Labour Organization, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7148-4995 4Jakub Gruszka: Junior Assistant in II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-4502 5Karolina Komar-Gruszka: doctor in Ophthalmological Department of the prof. dr hab. n. med. Jan Bogdanowicz Children's Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8560-6794 Summary Introduction Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic hepatic condition presumably of immune etiology. In genetically predisposed patients, progressing immunization of the liver is stimulated by environmental or infectious agents. As a result of ill-targeted immune response antimitochondrial autoantibodies M2 (AMA-M2) are produced. They slowly damage fine intrahepatic biliary ducts with typical inflammatory response and subsequent cholestasis, often progressing to hepatic cirrhosis and liver failure, and if it has reached 4 stage, primary hepatic cancer. PBC is most frequently diagnosed in women after the age of 30. It is 13 times more frequent in females than in males. Currently, PBC is often diagnosed at the asymptomatic stage or when nonspecific symptoms have developed, i.e. fatigue or pruritus. Biochemical tests present elevated cholestatic markers, and immune tests detect elevated autoimmune antibodies AMA and IgM. In advanced cases of hepatic cirrhosis, liver transplant is considered as a final treatment. Case study The patient, a 31-year old woman, CI PI, with PBC was first seen in 7 hbd. Her medical history revealed PBC had been diagnosed a year earlier. First clinical symptoms occurred 5 years ago, treated with Proursan. The patient was hospitalized 5 times, i.e. in 30, 36, 37, 38 and 39 hbd, among others, for threatening preterm delivery and cholestasis, and later for liver dysfunction associated with PBC, and for labor. In 39 hbd delivery was induced, and she gave birth (naturally) to a live neonate, female, weighing 2,830g, body length 52 cm, Apgar score 9-10. The liver function improved after the delivery and stabilized. The patient is followed up, treatment with Proursan continued. Pregnancy in patients with PBC is associated with mother’s exacerbated condition, especially in the third trimester and puerperium. The aforementioned case study shows that with proper care successful management and termination of pregnancy is safe for both mother and her baby. Key words: primary biliary cirrhosis, pregnancy, labor &nbsp

Stadnicka Sabina Katarzyna, Bień Agnieszka, Gdańska Paulina, Piechowska Joanna. Poronienie i ciąża obumarła w aspekcie prawa – udział położnej w opiece nad pacjentką w sytuacji utraty ciąży = Miscarriage and pregnancy degenerated in terms of law - part midwife in the care of the patient in case of pregnancy loss. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(9):379-390. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.62008 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3841 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2016. Revised 25.08.2016. Accepted: 06.09.2016. Poronienie i ciąża obumarła w aspekcie prawa – udział położnej w opiece nad pacjentką w sytuacji utraty ciąży Miscarriage and pregnancy degenerated in terms of law - part midwife in the care of the patient in case of pregnancy loss Sabina Katarzyna Stadnicka, mgr położnictwa, doktorantka, Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Pediatrycznego, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie Agnieszka Bień, dr n. med., adiunkt, Zakład Podstaw Położnictwa, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie Paulina Gdańska, mgr psychologii, I Katedra i Klinika Położnictwa i Ginekologii Warszawskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego Joanna Piechowska, mgr położnictwa, doktorantka, Zakład Podstaw Położnictwa, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie Streszczenie Niekorzystne zakończenie ciąży ma charakter niezwykle złożony i delikatny. Utrata ciąży na skutek poronienia jest wydarzeniem biomedycznym wywierającym ogromny wpływ na funkcjonowanie psychiczne. Nowe Rozporządzenie Ministra Zdrowia z dnia 1 grudnia 2015r. wprowadza dokładnie określone standardy postępowań okołoporodowych w opiece nad pacjentkami w sytuacji niepowodzeń położniczych. Celem publikacji jest pokazanie istotności wprowadzenia standardów. Odpowiedni przekaz niepomyślnych wiadomości, poprawna komunikacja a także udzielenie wsparcia może załagodzić psychologiczne skutki niepomyślnej sytuacji. Słowa kluczowe: ciąża, poronienie, strata, przepisy prawa, zdrowie psychiczne Abstract Unfavorable termination of pregnancy is a very complex and delicate. Pregnancy loss due to miscarriage is an event biomedical exerting a huge influence on the functioning of mental health. The new Minister of Health of 1 December 2015. introduces precisely defined standards proceedings perinatal care for female patients in an obstetric failures. The aim of the publication is to show the significance of the introduction of standards. The corresponding message bad news, the correct communication and assistance can alleviate the psychological effects of unfavorable situation. Key words: pregnancy, miscarriage, loss, law, mental health

Lyoshenko I. A., Tarabrin O. A., Kirpichnikova K. P., Sukhanov A. A. The state of hemostasis in pregnant women with hydramnion. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(5):149-156. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51381 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3517 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.04.2016. Revised 29.04.2016. Accepted: 12.05.2016. UDC: 616-00 5.1: 616-006.6 The state of hemostasis in pregnant women with hydramnion I. A. Lyoshenko, O. A. Tarabrin, K. P. Kirpichnikova, A. A. Sukhanov Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine Authors: Lyoshenko Irina Anatoliyivna - maternity home №2 Odessa, anaesthesiologist, t.0679378848, e-mail: irenodessa5555@gmail.com Tarabrin Oleg Oleksandrovych - MD, prof., Head of the department of anaesthesiology and Intensive care of ONMedU, Odessa Regional Clinical Hospital, t. 7500372 Kirpichnikova Katerina Petrovna, Ph. D., Department of anaesthesiology and Intensive care of ONMedU Sukhanov Aleksey Aleksandrovich, Ph. D., Department of anaesthesiology and Intensive care of ONMedU Abstract Purpose. To determine the state of various stages of hemostasis in pregnant women with hydramnion as a risk factor for premature detachment of the placenta. Results. There was investigated the state of hemostasis in pregnant women with hydramnion by low piezoelectric thromboelastography (LPTEG) and standard coagulogram. According to the LPTEG results this group of women was found to have increased plasma coagulation potential manifested in elevated constant thrombin activity (TAC) by 76.8%, the intensity of coagulation drive (ICD) by 74.9%, maximum clot density (MA) by 16.8%, shortening of coagulation time (T3) by 7.8% and inhibition of fibrinolysis manifested by decrease in retraction intensity and clot lysis (RICL) by 67.7% (p Conclusions. The state of hemostasis in pregnant women with hydramnion is characterized by increased plasma coagulation and inhibition of fibrinolysis potential that are factors of preparing the woman’s body for the upcoming birth to control and minimize blood loss. Keywords: pregnancy, hydramnion, hemostasis, thromboelastography.

Stadnicka Grażyna, Łepecka-Klusek Celina, Pawłowska-Muc Agnieszka Konstancja, Pilewska-Kozak Anna Bogusława. Wpływ aktywności fizycznej w okresie ciąży na przebieg porodu = The influence of physical activity during pregnancy on childbirth. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(9):505-514. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.31300 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.31300 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%289%29%3A505-514 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/631372 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 26.08.2015. Revised 05.09.2015. Accepted: 22.09.2015. Wpływ aktywności fizycznej w okresie ciąży na przebieg porodu The influence of physical activity during pregnancy on childbirth Grażyna Stadnicka1, Celina Łepecka-Klusek2, Agnieszka Konstancja Pawłowska-Muc3, Anna Bogusława Pilewska-Kozak2 1 Samodzielna Pracownia Umiejętności Położniczych, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, ul. Staszica 4/6 2 Katedra i Klinika Ginekologii i Endokrynologii Ginekologicznej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Al. Racławickie 23 3 Ośrodek Kształcenia Podyplomowego Pielęgniarek i Położnych Radomski Szpital Specjalistyczny im. dr Tytusa Chałubińskiego w Radomiu, ul. Lekarska 4 Adres do korespondencji Grażyna Stadnicka Samodzielna Pracownia Umiejętności Położniczych, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny 10-081 Lublin, ul. Staszica 4/6; e-mail:grazyna.stadnicka@umlub.pl Streszczenie Aktywność fizyczna w czasie ciąży poprawia ogólną kondycję fizyczną i zapobiega dolegliwościom tego okresu. Celem pacy była ocena profilu społeczno-demograficznego kobiet rodzących oraz wpływu aktywności fizycznej w okresie ciąży na przebieg porodu. Materiał i metoda. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 150 rodzących. Narzędzie badawcze stanowiła ankieta własnego autorstwa, skala Borga oraz skala oceny bólu VAS. Wyniki. Badane były w wieku 19-41 lat, średnia wieku wynosiła 28.7±5.3 lat. Najczęściej podejmowaną przez respondentki aktywnością fizyczną był spacer (n=29; 38.15%), fitness (n=21; 27.63%), joge (n=14; 18.42%), pilates (n=25; 32.89%).Korzystanie z aktywności ruchowej przez kobiety w ciąży było zależne od: wykształcenia (p=0.031), miejsca zamieszkania (p=0.13), statusu zawodowego (0.004) oraz wieku (p=0.042) badanych. Aktywności fizyczna w okresie ciąży miała znamienny statystycznie wpływ na sposób ukończenia ciąży (p=0.024) i wystąpienie samoistnej czynności skurczowej (p=0.001) oraz bliski istotności statystycznej wpływ na częstość uszkodzenia krocza podczas porodu (0.049). Wnioski. Aktywność fizyczna podczas ciąży nie ma wpływu na częstotliwość okołoporodowych urazów kanału rodnego, w tym nacinania krocza. Natomiast warunkuje wystąpienie samoistnych skurczów porodowych, lepszą tolerancję bólu i wysiłku podczas porodu oraz zmniejsza liczbę cięć cesarskich. Słowa kluczowe: ciąża, aktywność fizyczna, poród. Abstract Physical activity during pregnancy, which improves overall physical condition and prevents many ailments of pregnancy. The aim of the study was the analysis of the profile of women and the influence of activity during pregnancy on childbirth Material and method. The research was conducted among 150 women. The study has been carried out with the use of the authorial questionnaire-survey, Borga Scale and Visual Analogue Scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of the computer program IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Results. The women were at the age of 19-41years. The average age of the participants equalled 28.7±5.3. The most common physical activity undertaken by the pregnant was: walking (n=29; 38.15%), fitness (n=21; 27.63%), yoga (n=14; 18.42%), pilates (n=25; 32.89%). Physical activity during pregnancy was dependent on education (p=0.031), place of residence (p=0.13), employment status (0.004) and age (p=0.042) women surveyed. Physical activity during pregnancy influence the method of child delivery (p = 0.024), the occurrence of spontaneous uterine contractions (p = 0.001) and damage to the perineum during childbirth (0049). Conclusions. Physical activity during pregnancy significantly determines the occurrence of spontaneous uterine contractions of childbirth, better tolerance of pain and effort during labor and reduces the frequency of perinatal injuries birth canal, including cutting perineum Key words: pregnancy, physical activity, labor.