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Verbenone (4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one) is an antiaggregant of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a notable forest insect capable of causing extensive levels of tree mortality in western North America. Several formulations of verbenone are registered for tree protection, but failures in efficacy are not uncommon, particularly when applied during large infestations. A formulation of (-)-verbenone was developed (Specialized PheromoneLure Application Technology [SPLAT] Verb, ISCA Technologies Inc., Riverside, CA) and evaluated for protecting individual lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon, and small stands of P. contorta from mortality attributed to D. ponderosae. SPLAT Verb applied to individual P. contorta resulted in complete tree protection, while 93.3% mortality occurred in the untreated controls. Significantly fewer P. contorta were killed by D. ponderosae within 0.041-ha circular plots surrounding P. contorta treated with SPLAT Verb compared with the untreated control. In a second study, a smaller percentage of P. contorta were colonized and killed on 0.4-ha square plots treated with SPLAT Verb compared with the untreated control. No significant differences in levels of tree mortality were observed between the untreated control and another formulation of verbenone (7-g pouch) or between the 7-g pouch and SPLAT Verb. In a trapping bioassay, no significant differences were observed among captures in multiple-funnel traps at 1, 2, or 4 m from the point of release of SPLAT Verb. Significantly fewer D. ponderosae were collected at 1 and 2 m compared with 8 m. Significantly more D. ponderosae were captured at the farthest distance evaluated (16 m) than at any other distance. Our data indicate that SPLAT Verb is effective for protecting individual P. contorta and small stands of P. contorta from mortality attributed to D. ponderosae at moderate doses. The high levels of tree protection observed are attributed to the ability of applying release points (dollops) at high densities, and a larger zone of inhibition than reported for other formulations of verbenone. SPLAT Verb was registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for use on pines, Pinus spp., in 2013.

The following paper summarizes the facts known about a rather unusual type of forest insect pest, Phyllotoma nemorata Fallen, that threatens to destroy the white birch in New England. The insect is of foreign origin and has spread at an alarming rate, from Nova Scotia westward across New Brunswick and Maine into New Hampshire. Although the mining of the leaves occurs late in the summer, the injury practically stops the growth of the trees the following season.

With the growth of forestry, survey methods have been developed to detect and appraise forest-insect infestations. Detection is made by the discovery of an outbreak through field surveillance or by means of systematic aerial and ground surveys. Following the discovery of an outbreak, an inspection of the infestation is sometimes made by an entomologist to determine the need for an appraisal survey. The appraisal survey is divided into two phases: (1) an entomological measurement of the potential threat of the infestation, referred to as a biological evaluation; and (2) a systematic cruise of the area to obtain information for control planning. The objectives of the program are to allow no outbreaks to escape early discovery, and upon discovery, to obtain information about the insect concerned-where it is, what it is doing, its potentialities, methods for control, and data directly concerned with control.

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An undeseribed species of nematode in the genus Neoaplectana was studied to determine its value as a parasite of forest insect pests. Twelve species of insects were tested and ten were susceptible Temperature and moisture requirements of this nematode were determined. The parasitie capabilities of this species were evaluated by listing positive and negative factors. A brief account of the life cycle of the nematode is given.

The dye-tracer method is a useful technique for measuring spray deposits in some phases of research on aerial spraying for forest insect control. This paper describes series of simple, rapid tests for evaluating the solubility, tinctorial powers, recoverability, light-fastness, and Compatibility of candidate dyes.