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Objectives: Few studies have been conducted on gene-environment interactions in the Chinese population with Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the T helper 17 (Th17) cell and CD susceptibility/performance in Chinese individuals., Methods: We conducted a case-control and case-only study at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Four SNPs related to the Th17 cell pathway genes were prioritized, including rs2284553 (interferon gamma receptor 2), rs7517847 (interleukin 23 receptor), rs7773324 (interferon regulatory factor 4), and rs4263839 (tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15). SNP frequency was calculated, and gene-environment interaction was assessed by multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis., Results: Altogether 159 CD patients and 316 healthy controls were included. All analyzed SNPs were found in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The frequency of rs2284553-A allele and rs4263839-A allele were lower in CD patients compared with controls (P < 0.05). While the rs4263839-A allele was more prevalent in ileocolonic CD patients than in those with isolated small intestinal or colonic disease (P = 0.035). Gene-environment interactions revealed associations between rs2284553 and breastfeeding, sunshine exposure, and fridge-stored food, affecting age at diagnosis, intestinal involvement, and intestinal stricture. Interaction of rs4263839 and breastfeeding influenced small intestinal lesions and intestinal stricture in CD., Conclusions: This study provided information on the genetic background in Chinese CD patients. Incorporating these SNPs into predictive models may improve risk assessment and outcome prediction. Gene-environment interaction contributes to the understanding of CD pathogenesis., (© 2024 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Objectives: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare and enigmatic immune-mediated inflammatory disease. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors of AIP-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China., Methods: A retrospective bidirectional case-control study was performed. The diagnoses of IBD and AIP were made based on the European Crohn's and Colitis Organization guidelines and the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria. IBD controls were matched by age, sex, and IBD type at a ratio of 1:4, while AIP controls were matched by AIP types., Results: The age-standardized prevalence of AIP-IBD patients in the IBD and AIP population were 292.0 and 8151.93 per 100 000 population, respectively. IBD patients had a higher risk of AIP compared to non-IBD patients (odds ratio 8.4, 95% confidence interval 4.7-14.9, P < 0.0001), and AIP patients had a higher risk of developing IBD compared to the general population in China. The mean age at diagnosis of IBD and AIP was 34.83 years and 40.42 years. IBD was diagnosed before AIP in seven cases. The median total IBD and AIP duration was 43.5 months and 13.5 months. Use of mesalamine and tuberculosis were associated with AIP in IBD patients (P = 0.031). And fecal occult blood test was associated with IBD in AIP patients (P = 0.008)., Conclusions: Most AIP-IBD patients had ulcerative colitis and type 2 AIP. IBD patients are more likely to develop AIP compared to the general population, and vice versa. Use of mesalamine and tuberculosis infection were associated with AIP, and fecal occult blood test was associated with IBD., (© 2023 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)