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Background Mycobacterium massiliense is closely related to Mycobacterium abscessus and is also a frequent cause of mycobacterial lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). There has been no previous investigation of possible differences between M. massiliense and M. abscessus infections in the setting of CF. Methods We studied a prospective cohort of 16 M. massiliense and 27 M. abscessus lung infection cases with CF, with a mean follow-up of 6 years. Results M. massiliense cases were younger than M. abscessus cases (mean age: 12.8 vs 17.1 years; p = 0.02) at the time of the first mycobacterial isolation and also had lower body mass index values (mean: 16.4 vs 19.3 kg/m 2 , p = 0.002). All M. massiliense cases, except one, had negative BMI Z-score values at the time of the first mycobacterial isolation (11/12 vs 16/23 M. abscessus cases, p = 0.04). Clarithromycin-based combination therapies led to mycobacterial eradication in 100% of M. massiliense cases but only in 27% of M. abscessus cases ( p = 0.009). Conclusion Our data show a particular link between M. massiliense and malnutrition specifically in CF patients. Unlike M. abscessus , the bacteriological response of M. massiliense to combination antibiotic therapies containing clarithromycin was excellent. Distinguishing between M. massiliense and M. abscessus has major clinical implications for CF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims Catheter venous thrombosis may result in life-threatening embolic complications. Recently, a thrombophilic tendency was described in cystic fibrosis (CF), the significance of which remains unclear. The aims of this study were to (1) document the frequency of catheter venous thrombosis detected by colour-Doppler-ultrasound (Doppler-US), (2) assess genetic and acquired thrombophilia risk factors for catheter venous thrombosis and hypercoagulability status and (3) provide recommendations on laboratory screening when considering insertion of a totally implantable vascular access device (TIVAD) in CF patients. Methods We designed a multicentre prospective study in patients selected at the time of catheter insertion. Doppler-US was scheduled at 1 and 6 months after insertion and before insertion in case of a previous central line. Blood samplings were drawn at insertion and at 1 and 6 months later. Results One-hundred patients received a TIVAD and 90 completed the 6-month study. Prevalence of thrombophilia abnormalities and hypercoagulability was found in 50% of the cohorts. Conversely, catheter venous thrombosis frequency was low (6.6%). Conclusion Our data do not support biological screening at the time of a TIVAD insertion. We emphasise the contribution of a medical history of venous thromboembolism and prospective Doppler-US for identifying asymptomatic catheter venous thrombosis to select patients who may benefit from biological screening and possible anticoagulant therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]