15 results on '"Sierra MA"'
Search Results
2. African swine fever: Expression of interleukin-1 alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha by pulmonary intravascular macrophages.
- Author
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Carrasco L, Núñez A, Salguero FJ, Díaz San Segundo F, Sánchez-Cordón P, Gómez-Villamandos JC, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, African Swine Fever metabolism, African Swine Fever Virus growth & development, African Swine Fever Virus pathogenicity, African Swine Fever Virus ultrastructure, Animals, Cytoplasmic Structures ultrastructure, Cytoplasmic Structures virology, Female, Immunoenzyme Techniques veterinary, Interleukin-1 analysis, Lung chemistry, Lung metabolism, Lung pathology, Macrophages, Alveolar chemistry, Macrophages, Alveolar metabolism, Male, Microscopy, Electron veterinary, Swine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha analysis, Viral Proteins analysis, African Swine Fever pathology, Interleukin-1 metabolism, Macrophages, Alveolar pathology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism
- Abstract
To determine, in the acute form of African swine fever (ASF), the relationship between the appearance of pulmonary oedema and viral replication and expression of cytokines by pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), 14 pigs were inoculated intramuscularly with ASF virus (strain España'70) and killed in pairs on days 1-7 post-inoculation. Samples of lung were examined immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. The immunohistochemical study was carried out with antibodies against interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1alpha), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), viral antigen of ASF (Vp73) and a myeloid marker (SWC3). Viral replication was observed mainly in PIMs, which at the same time showed intense activation, accompanied by the expression of IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha. The occurrence of interstitial oedema, neutrophil sequestration and fibrin microthrombi in septal capillaries coincided with high degrees of cytokine expression by infected PIMs. Alveolar macrophages did not show a significant change in cytokine expression as a result of ASF infection, and viral replication was detected in only a low percentage of these cells., (Copyright Harcourt Publishers Ltd.)
- Published
- 2002
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3. Atypical cilia in the bronchiolar epithelium of pigs experimentally infected with hog cholera virus.
- Author
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Carrasco L, Ruiz-Villamor E, Gómez-Villamandos JC, Bautista MJ, Nuñez A, Quezada M, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- Animals, Bronchi virology, Classical Swine Fever Virus immunology, Classical Swine Fever Virus ultrastructure, Epithelium ultrastructure, Epithelium virology, Female, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Respiratory Mucosa ultrastructure, Respiratory Mucosa virology, Swine, Viral Envelope Proteins analysis, Virus Replication, Bronchi ultrastructure, Cilia ultrastructure, Classical Swine Fever pathology, Classical Swine Fever Virus physiology
- Abstract
To study the effect of hog cholera virus on the epithelial cells of the bronchiolar mucosa, 12 pigs were inoculated with a highly virulent strain. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination of the ciliated epithelial cells demonstrated an increase in the number of atypical cilia. The latter showed alterations in the microtubular pattern, possibly resulting from viral interference with the normal metabolism of the epithelial cells.
- Published
- 2001
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4. Pathogenesis of classical swine fever: renal haemorrhages and erythrodiapedesis.
- Author
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Gómez-Villamandos JC, Ruiz-Villamor E, Bautista MJ, Quezada M, Sánchez CP, Salguero FJ, and Sierra MA
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- Animals, Antigens, Viral analysis, Biomarkers analysis, Capillaries metabolism, Capillaries ultrastructure, Capillaries virology, Capillary Fragility physiology, Capillary Permeability physiology, Cell Degranulation physiology, Classical Swine Fever immunology, Classical Swine Fever pathology, Cytoplasmic Vesicles physiology, Cytoplasmic Vesicles ultrastructure, Edema etiology, Edema pathology, Endothelium, Vascular metabolism, Endothelium, Vascular ultrastructure, Endothelium, Vascular virology, Erythrocytes cytology, Female, Hemorrhage pathology, Kidney Diseases pathology, Male, Mast Cells physiology, Mast Cells ultrastructure, Swine, Cell Movement physiology, Classical Swine Fever etiology, Classical Swine Fever Virus immunology, Erythrocytes physiology, Hemorrhage etiology, Kidney Diseases etiology
- Abstract
Thirty pigs were inoculated with a virulent isolate (Quillota strain) of classical swine fever (hog cholera) virus to establish the chronological occurrence of lesions in the kidney and to determine the mechanism responsible for renal haemorrhages. The study included the use of histopathological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical (detection of viral antigen gp55, MAC387, lambda chains, CD3 and C1q) and morphometrical techniques (vascular area). Renal interstitial oedema and haemorrhages were detected from 7 days post-inoculation (dpi), associated with a slight interstitial mononuclear infiltrate and evidence of viral infection in macrophages and fibroblasts, and in a small proportion of lymphocytes. Viral infection was not detected in capillary endothelial cells. An intense mononuclear infiltrate, with B cells, T cells and small numbers of macrophages, was detected from 10 dpi. In the final phase of the experiment (14 dpi), slight proliferation and degranulation of mast cells were observed. Increased expression of the C1q component of complement was also detected. A significant increase in vascular area was observed from 7 dpi. These results suggest that haemorrhages observed in the kidneys of pigs inoculated with the Quillota strain resulted from erythrodiapedesis and increased vascular permeability, probably aggravated by mast cell degranulation in the final stage of the experiment. The results suggested that mast cell degranulation was linked to activation of the complement system., (Copyright 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.)
- Published
- 2000
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5. The role of pulmonary intravascular macrophages in the pathogenesis of African horse sickness.
- Author
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Carrasco L, Sánchez C, Gómez-Villamandos JC, Laviada MD, Bautista MJ, Martínez-Torrecuadrada J, Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- African Horse Sickness virology, Animals, Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Endothelium, Vascular pathology, Endothelium, Vascular virology, Female, Horses, Lung blood supply, Lung pathology, Macrophages, Alveolar virology, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission, Virus Replication, African Horse Sickness pathology, Macrophages, Alveolar physiology, Orbivirus isolation & purification
- Abstract
African horse sickness (AHS) is a disease of equids, characterized by severe pulmonary oedema and caused by an orbivirus. To determine the role of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) in the development of pulmonary microvascular changes in this disease, five horses were given an intravenous inoculation of 10(6)TCID50of serotype 4 of AHS virus. Viral replication was detected in endothelial cells, PIMs, interstitial macrophages and fibroblasts. Alveolar and interstitial oedema, and changes in pulmonary microvasculature, consisting mainly of the sequestration of neutrophils and the formation of platelet aggregates and fibrinous microthrombi, were related to endothelial changes and to a high degree of PIM activation. This suggested that the PIMs, once activated, contributed to these vascular changes by releasing chemical inflammatory mediators., (Copyright 1999 W.B. Saunders Company Ltd.)
- Published
- 1999
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6. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evidence of hog cholera virus infection of megakaryocytes in bone marrow and spleen.
- Author
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Gómez-Villamandos JC, Ruiz-Villamor E, Salguero FJ, Bautista MJ, Carrasco L, Sánchez C, Quezada M, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Viral analysis, Bone Marrow virology, Cell Count, Classical Swine Fever pathology, Female, Immunoenzyme Techniques veterinary, Inclusion Bodies ultrastructure, Male, Megakaryocytes ultrastructure, Platelet Count veterinary, Spleen virology, Swine, Bone Marrow pathology, Classical Swine Fever virology, Classical Swine Fever Virus physiology, Classical Swine Fever Virus ultrastructure, Megakaryocytes virology, Spleen pathology
- Abstract
Twelve pigs were inoculated with a highly virulent strain of hog cholera virus (HCV) to study viral infection of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and spleen. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination revealed HCV infection in a small proportion (2.5-9.0%) of these cells from the 2nd to the 9th day after inoculation, at which time the experiment was terminated. Megakaryocyte infection accounts for the presence of viral antigens in platelets. The latter may represent a passive vehicle for spreading the virus in the animal.
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- 1998
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7. Thrombocytopenia associated with apoptotic megakaryocytes in a viral haemorrhagic syndrome induced by a moderately virulent strain of African swine fever virus.
- Author
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Gómez-Villamandos JC, Bautista MJ, Carrasco L, Chacón-Manrique de Lara F, Hervás J, Wilkinson PJ, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- African Swine Fever blood, Animals, Cell Count veterinary, Female, Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral blood, Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral pathology, Male, Megakaryocytes ultrastructure, Platelet Count veterinary, Swine, Syndrome, Thrombocytopenia blood, Virulence, African Swine Fever pathology, African Swine Fever Virus pathogenicity, Apoptosis, Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral veterinary, Megakaryocytes pathology, Thrombocytopenia pathology, Thrombocytopenia veterinary
- Abstract
A viral haemorrhagic syndrome was induced in 14 pigs by inoculation with an African swine fever (ASF) virus strain of moderate virulence, to determine changes in megakaryocyte (MK) numbers and morphology and thus to assess the role of these cells in the thrombocytopenia characteristic of subacute ASF. The strain tested induced changes in the proportion of different types of MK (typical nucleated MKs, apoptotic MKs and immature MKs); it also caused subcellular lesions over the first 7 days post-inoculation (dpi). At 7 dpi, severe thrombocytopenia was observed. There was a statistically significant increase in apoptotic MK numbers. The MKs showed three stages in the course of the disease: a compensatory stage, represented by cytoplasmic projections, a hypermaturity stage, represented by apoptotic MKs, and a regenerative stage, represented by clusters of immature MKs. These changes, especially the presence of numerous apoptotic MKs, may explain the early and transitory thrombocytopenia detected in subacute ASF. The large number of apoptotic MKs observed may be associated with the accelerated maturation of these cells, resulting from the action of cytokines, or peripheral platelet consumption, or both.
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- 1998
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8. Subcellular changes in platelets in acute and subacute African swine fever.
- Author
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Gómez-Villamandos JC, Bautista MJ, Hervás J, Carrasco L, de Lara FC, Pérez J, Wilkinson PJ, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, African Swine Fever blood, Animals, Female, Male, Platelet Count, Subcellular Fractions ultrastructure, Swine, African Swine Fever pathology, Blood Platelets pathology, Blood Platelets ultrastructure, Subcellular Fractions pathology
- Abstract
The morphological changes in platelets in acute and subacute African swine fever (ASF) and their relationship to pathogenesis were studied. Eight pigs were inoculated with a highly virulent strain of African swine fever (Malawi '83) and 14 with a moderately virulent strain (Dominican Republic '78) for ultrastructural study of platelets, monocyte/macrophages and vascular structures in the liver, spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, lung and kidney. Both viruses produced activation and degranulation of platelets from day 3 after inoculation onwards, coinciding with activation of the mononuclear phagocyte system and virus replication in monocyte/macrophages. Platelet aggregation and viscous metamorphosis of platelets were observed at 5 and 7 days after inoculation with the highly virulent strain, coinciding with endothelial alterations, but platelet aggregation was less prevalent and there was no sign of viscous metamorphosis in animals inoculated with the moderately virulent strain. Virions within platelets were observed at the final stage of acute ASF and at 5-7 days after inoculation in subacute ASF. This suggests that platelets assist in disseminating ASF virus within the body, especially in subacute infections.
- Published
- 1996
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9. Apoptosis in lymph nodes in acute African swine fever.
- Author
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Carrasco L, de Lara FC, Martín de las Mulas J, Gómez-Villamandos JC, Pérez J, Wilkinson PJ, and Sierra MA
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- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Female, Leukocyte Count, Leukocytes, Mononuclear pathology, Lymph Nodes ultrastructure, Male, Swine, African Swine Fever pathology, Apoptosis, Lymph Nodes pathology
- Abstract
This paper reports apoptosis of lymph-node lymphocytes in swine experimentally inoculated with a virulent African swine fever (ASF) virus isolate (Malawi '83). Apoptosis was observed in both compartments of cortical tissue, but was more intense in diffuse lymphoid tissue (T area). Lymphopenia detected in peripheral blood was associated with T-lymphocyte depletion. No evidence of ASF virus replication was observed in lymphocytes in the lymph nodes studied. This finding, together with the high rate of virus replication recorded in macrophages in diffuse lymphoid tissue as compared with the low rate recorded for lymphoid follicles, suggests a mechanism for the induction of apoptosis related to virus replication in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
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- 1996
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10. Structural and ultrastructural study of glomerular changes in African swine fever.
- Author
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Hervás J, Gómez-Villamandos JC, Méndez A, Carrasco L, Pérez J, Wilkinson PJ, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- African Swine Fever immunology, Animals, Female, Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative immunology, Immunohistochemistry, Kidney Glomerulus immunology, Kidney Glomerulus virology, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Swine, Time Factors, African Swine Fever pathology, Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative pathology, Kidney Glomerulus pathology
- Abstract
The pathological effect of haemorrhagic fever viruses on the kidney have not been clearly documented. This study reports glomerular lesions in African swine fever. In the acute form of the disease there was an acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, which was believed to be related to virus replication in circulating monocytes and glomerular mesangial cells, and to the presence of abundant circulating cell debris resulting from viral replication at other sites. In the subacute form, the proliferative mesangial glomerulonephritis observed may have been associated with systemic immune-mediated phenomena, and with subendothelial and mesangial deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components.
- Published
- 1996
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11. Pathological changes in the renal interstitial capillaries of pigs inoculated with two different strains of African swine fever virus.
- Author
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Gómez-Villamandos JC, Hervás J, Méndez A, Carrasco L, Villeda CJ, Wilkinson PJ, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- Africa, Animals, Capillaries ultrastructure, Female, Male, Monocytes cytology, Renal Circulation, Swine, Time Factors, Classical Swine Fever Virus immunology, Kidney Glomerulus pathology, Swine Diseases pathology
- Abstract
African swine fever is a viral disease of pigs characterized predominantly by haemorrhagic lesions. This paper reports the lesions observed in the renal interstitial capillaries of pigs inoculated with African swine fever virus strains of differing virulence: the Malawi'83 strain (haemadsorbent and highly virulent) and the Dominican Republic'78 strain (haemadsorbent and moderately virulent). In pigs infected with the Malawi'83 strain, petechial haemorrhages and microhaemorrhages were observed 5 days after inoculation and lesions were evident in the renal capillaries. Signs of phagocyte activation were noticeable in endothelial cells, with enlarged fenestrations and even loss of endothelium, leaving the basement membrane of the vessels exposed. Platelet plugs and microthrombi were also observed in these vessels. At 7 days after inoculation these lesions had intensified, and were accompanied by virus replication in the endothelial cells. In pigs infected with the Dominican Republic'78 strain, haemorrhages were more abundant and more extensive, and although no endothelial cell lesions were observed, there was intense vasodilation with diapedesis of erythrocytes.
- Published
- 1995
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12. Localization of African swine fever viral antigen, swine IgM, IgG and C1q in lung and liver tissues of experimentally infected pigs.
- Author
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Fernandez A, Perez J, Martin de las Mulas J, Carrasco L, Dominguez J, and Sierra MA
- Subjects
- African Swine Fever immunology, African Swine Fever pathology, African Swine Fever Virus immunology, Animals, Antigen-Antibody Complex analysis, Immunoglobulin G analysis, Immunoglobulin M analysis, Liver immunology, Liver pathology, Lung immunology, Lung pathology, Male, Swine immunology, Swine microbiology, African Swine Fever microbiology, African Swine Fever Virus isolation & purification, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Antigens, Viral analysis, Complement C1q analysis, Liver microbiology, Lung microbiology
- Abstract
An immunohistological study was carried out on lungs and livers of pigs experimentally infected with two different African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates. ASFV antigen, swine immunoglobulins (IgM and IgG) and (Clq) complement were demonstrated in both organs at different stages of infection. The ASFV antigen was mainly found in mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) cells. Immunoglobulins and complement were observed in plasma, infected and non-infected phagocytic cells and cell debris. These findings suggest the presence, in acute infection, of immune complexes which may be involved in immunopathogenic mechanisms.
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- 1992
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13. Pulmonary intravascular macrophages in rabbits experimentally infected with rabbit haemorrhagic disease.
- Author
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Carrasco L, Rodriguez F, Martin de las Mulas J, Sierra MA, Gómez-Villamandos JC, and Fernández A
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- Animals, Hemorrhage pathology, Parvoviridae Infections pathology, Pulmonary Alveoli pathology, Pulmonary Edema pathology, Hemorrhage veterinary, Macrophages pathology, Parvoviridae Infections veterinary, Pulmonary Edema veterinary, Rabbits
- Abstract
Attention has already been drawn to the presence of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) in species in which the lung plays an important part in the removal of particles from the bloodstream. The stimulation of PIMs under certain conditions has been related to pulmonary oedema and congestion. In order to ascertain whether these cells are found in rabbits, healthy animals were inoculated with a liver homogenate obtained from animals which had died of rabbit haemorrhagic disease, a condition characterized by vascular phenomena and pulmonary oedema. PIMs were detected both in experimental and healthy control animals. They shared the morphological characteristics reported for other species, particularly with respect to the presence of intercellular junctions with endothelial cells. In experimental animals, PIMs were actively involved in the removal of cell debris which may or may not have been associated with the presence of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus antigen.
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- 1991
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14. Caprine peripheral neuroblastomas: structural and ultrastructural features, intermediate filaments profile and neuro-endocrine characterization.
- Author
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Martin de las Mulas J, Vos JH, Fernández A, Carrasco L, Mozos E, and Sierra MA
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- Animals, Cytoplasmic Granules chemistry, Cytoplasmic Granules ultrastructure, Goat Diseases metabolism, Goats, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary chemistry, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary pathology, Neuroblastoma chemistry, Neuroblastoma pathology, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase analysis, Retroperitoneal Neoplasms chemistry, Retroperitoneal Neoplasms pathology, Synaptophysin analysis, Vimentin analysis, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Goat Diseases pathology, Intermediate Filament Proteins analysis, Neoplasm Proteins analysis, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary veterinary, Neuroblastoma veterinary, Neurofilament Proteins analysis, Retroperitoneal Neoplasms veterinary
- Abstract
In this report the morphological and immunohistochemical features with respect to intermediate filament proteins and the neuroendocrine nature of bilateral neuroblastomas possibly originating from the adrenal medulla in a goat kid are presented. Histologically, the tumours were composed of small, round, blue cells organized in highly cellular nests and sheets separated by fibrovascular septa. Isolated cells mimicking the morphological features of neurones were observed in both tumours. Ultrastructurally, dense-core neurosecretory granules, about 100 nm in diameter, and irregularly organized neurotubular networks were seen. The small tumour cells were only labelled by vimentin, while the neurone-like cells were labelled by both neurone-specific enolase and synaptophysin. The lack of staining of the tumour cells by the neurofilament proteins antiserum, which was also observed in a human neuroblastoma (used as positive control) has been previously reported and is probably the result of the tissue processing and/or the poor differentiation stage of the tumours. The vimentin labelling of tumour cells could be explained by the poor differentiation stage of the tumours, since vimentin is the only intermediate filament protein in presumptive neuroblasts, being replaced by neurofilament proteins in later stages of neurogenesis.
- Published
- 1991
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15. Pulmonary intravascular macrophages in lungs of pigs inoculated with African swine fever virus of differing virulence.
- Author
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Sierra MA, Carrasco L, Gómez-Villamandos JC, Martin de las Mulas J, Méndez A, and Jover A
- Subjects
- African Swine Fever Virus pathogenicity, African Swine Fever Virus physiology, Animals, Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Lung Diseases pathology, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Swine, Virulence, Virus Replication physiology, African Swine Fever pathology, Lung Diseases veterinary, Macrophages pathology
- Abstract
The role of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIM) in a viral infection has been studied by structural and ultrastructural methods with two strains of the African swine fever (ASF) virus: the virulent strain E70 and the attenuated strain E75. Pulmonary intravascular macrophages were the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system of the lung most involved in the replication of strain E70, showing a marked cytopathic effect and necrosis. Concurrently, their size and number increased sharply. This stimulation of PIMs by the virulent strain of the ASF virus, together with the cytopathic effect, might be the cause of the abundant masses of cell debris found in septal capillaries and thus be related to the pulmonary oedema that characterizes the acute forms of the disease. With the attenuated strain of the ASF virus, stimulation of PIMs, as well as viral replication within them, was also intense, but the cytopathic effect was less. Later, in the course of the infection, the number of PIMs decreased sharply and then alveolar macrophages increased, bearing most of the viral replication and signalling the onset of a pneumonic process.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
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