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[Display omitted] • Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 /In(OH) 3 photocatalysts were synthesised using a one-pot hydrothermal method. • Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 /In(OH) 3 /PVDF (BON-M) demonstrated effective degradation of tetracycline. • BON-M showed good stability with effective antifouling and self-cleaning properties. • The photocatalyst relies on S-scheme heterojunctions for its effectiveness. • Photogenerated holes play a dominant role in the BON-M system. Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 /In(OH) 3 (BON) photocatalysts were synthesized by a one-pot method and loaded onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes to obtain a Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 /In(OH) 3 /PVDF (BON-M) catalytic membrane system. The catalytic membranes demonstrated complete degradation of tetracycline within 40 min under visible light. They demonstrated robust photocatalytic activity across a broad pH range (5–11) and in the presence of coexisting ions. The membranes demonstrated excellent self-cleaning performance. Following exposure to light, the irreversible contamination decreased from 27.1% to 4.7% and the membrane's permeability was almost completely restored. Moreover, the charge transfer mechanism at the S-scheme heterojunction interface of BON was demonstrated by Density functional theory and in-situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy characterisation, and the active sites involved in tetracycline's degradation were identified. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the "anemone effect" of BON-M was demonstrated in conjunction with Electron paramagnetic resonance, and the intrinsic Some factors enhancing the membranes' photocatalytic activity are specified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] An efficient strategy to construct non-noble metal-base electrocatalysts for water splitting is the direct carbonization of metal–organic aerogel composites. Herein for the first time, a novel tube-like metal–carbon nanocomposite with encapsulated small-size individual Fe, Cr and Ni nanoparticles, is prepared by the carbonization of a FeCr-doped Ni-benzenetricarboxylate aerogel. The slender skeleton of the aerogel, supercritical drying and Cr doping alleviates metal aggregation and facilitates the in-situ growth of carbon tubes. This nanocomposite exhibits remarkably low overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction (137 mV) and oxygen evolution reaction (220 mV). Further, the cell voltage could be as low as 1.54 V with the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and illustrates excellent stability under a continuous operation for 50 h. This non-noble metal-base electrocatalyst is comparable to noble metal-based electrocatalysts and the impressive performance is ascribed to the abundant active catalytic sites and short reactant diffusion pathways. This work demonstrates great capability of aerogel derivation in the highly active electrocatalyst design for promising electrochemical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Due to lack of effective, early and non-invasive diagnostic as well as treatment tools, the surgical treatment opportunities for lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are limited, resulting in high mortality rates. Therefore, the combination of targeted recognition and precise treatment of lung SCC is of great significance. In this study, a multifunctional nanoparticle is designed and synthesized, which specifically identifies lung SCC cells for target imaging and therapy. Desmoglein-3 (Dsg-3), a transmembrane glycoprotein found in desmosomes, is highly expressed in lung SCC cells. Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) conjugated with Dsg-3 antibodies to form Au-Dsg-3 through coupling reaction. The results showed that the fluorescence imaging (FI) intensity and computed tomography (CT) signal of Au-Dsg-3 significantly increased within 6 h in vitro and in vivo , achieving dual-modal imaging to detect lung SCC effectively. Besides, Au-Dsg-3 even integrates targeted photothermal therapy (PTT) characteristics in a single nanoparticle. When exposed to near-infrared radiation (NIR), the temperature of the tumor site increased rapidly and reached a high temperature of 53.3 °C after 600 s, causing tumor ablation and growth inhibition. In summary, Au-Dsg-3 provides a key platform for targeted biological imaging and collaborative PTT, which demonstrates good performance on lung SCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A core-shell structured piperazine pyrophosphate microcapsules (MT@PAPP) is constructed. • The MT@PAPP enhances the compatibility and mechanical property of TPE/MT@PAPP composites. • Compared with pure TPE, the PHRR and PSPR of TPE/MT@PAPP were reduced by 78.5% and 60.0%, respectively. In this study, core-shell structured piperazine pyrophosphate (PAPP) is designed to enhance the fire safety and mechanical property of styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) composites. The PAPP is microencapsulated with carbon nanotube modified melamine-formaldehyde resin to prepare core-shell structured flame retardants (MT@PAPP). Due to the excellent compatibility between the MT@PAPP and TPE matrix, the mechanical property of TPE/MT@PAPP is improved. Compared with TPE, the peak heat release rate and peak smoke production rate of TPE/MT@PAPP are decreased by 78.5% and 60.0%, respectively. Thus, the core-shell structured piperazine pyrophosphate microcapsule strategy provides an excellent approach to obtain high-performance TPE composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The AgNW-10-W cotton fabric were prepared by dip-coating technology. • The AgNW-10-W cotton fabric shows the EMI SE as high as 53.9 dB with thickness of 1.3 mm. • The AgNW-10-W cotton fabric can reach 76 °C under 2 V applied voltage in 60 s. • AgNW-10-W cotton fabric exhibits excellent bending and salt water resistance. • The pHRR of AgNW-10-W cotton fabric are reduced by 31.3%. High-performance modern integrated intelligent wearable electronic textiles show excellent joule heating performance, electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) and fire safety. In this work, cotton fabric as a biomass material is used as the framework. Due to its strong electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding, 3‑aminopropyl trethoxy silane (KH550) layer, silver nanowire (AgNW) conductive network and water-based polyurethane (WPU) protective layer are formed on the surface of cotton fiber for fabricating composite fabric (AgNW-10-W). Due to the perfect collaborative conductive network and porous fiber network structure, AgNW-10-W shows excellent EMI shielding effectiveness (53.9 dB, 1.3 mm thickness). Furthermore, the surface temperature of the joule heating composite fabric with AgNW as the conductive raw material can reach over 100 °C at an applied voltage of 2 V. Meantime, the composite fabric also shows good cycling and long-term joule heating performance. In the wear tests, the AgNW-10-W cotton fabric has good bending resistance and salt water resistance. It produces heat evenly on the human body's wrist joint and has a certain wear function. In the combustion performance test, the pHRR of AgNW-10-W cotton fabric was 31.3 % lower than that of pure cotton fabric. The work demonstrates the appeal of high-performance multifunctional electronic textiles for joule heating, electromagnetic shielding, and fire safety applications in AI and emerging wearable electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] In recent years, flexible electronic devices have great application potential in the fields of healthcare, VR virtual reality, electronic skin and intelligent robots. However, electronic devices fail during operation due to fatigue, corrosion or damage, making it difficult and expensive to maintain highly integrated portable/wearable electronic devices. In this study, highly healable, flame retardant, shape memorized supramolecular PTAZ/GO was fabricated by restricting the crosslinking of zinc ions, carboxyl graphene and poly-(thioctic acid) via self-polymerization in ethanol inducing self-assembly. The rich carboxyl groups associated with hydroxyl and disulfide groups in the system provide excellent self-healing efficiency and shape memory properties for supramolecular ionomers. The results of a microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC) test in this study showed a 65.3 % reduction in the peak heat release rate (pHRR) for ionomers compared to pure polymer, thus implying that ionic coordination cross-linking and GO nanosheets are beneficial for improving the fire safety of the materials. For the shape-memory device, the supramolecular elastomers can switch LED lights on and off by changing the shape, and the conductivity can be restored after reconnection of two damaged parts. Thus, the proposed materials have wide applications in electronic engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Improving resilience, enhancing fire safety and adsorption properties were the key points for the preparation of high-performance flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF). Here, MOF-derived petal-like Co/Mg-double metal hydroxide (Co/Mg-LDH) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) were selected to modify the hydroxylated boron nitride (BNNS-OH) to obtain a hydrophobic BN@MOF-LDH@APTES. Compared with the previous work, BN@MOF-LDH@APTES demonstrated extremely high filler efficiency in reducing the heat release per unit mass (THR/TM) (18.2 % reduction) and smoke production per unit mass (TSP/TM) (19.1% reduction) of FUPF during combustion. In addition, the obtained FPUF nanocomposite exhibited high absorption capacity while achieving remarkable thermal stability and fire safety. Moreover, the FPUF nanocomposite containing 1 wt% BN@MOF-LDH@APTES achieved a 71% increase in compressive strength, indicating excellent resilience. Therefore, this work provided a new material for the preparation of high-resilience FPUF with both flame retardancy and adsorption capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The development of electronics proposes higher requirements for flexible, transparent, and conductive materials with high electromagnetic shielding performance in viewing windows. Flexible transparent films have been fabricated by collaborating one-dimensional silver nanowires (AgNWs) and novel two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene sheets on PET films with an external polymeric coating consisting of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS). Especially, the combination of different dimensional nanomaterials effectively establishes a conductive network that exhibits a synergistic effect on excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance, which is superior to that of pure AgNW network or Ti 3 C 2 T x network to some extent. By optimizing the AgNWs content (0.05 mg/cm2) and Ti 3 C 2 T x sheets content (0.01 mg/cm2), the PET/AgNW/Ti 3 C 2 T x /PVA-PSS film exhibits a transmittance of 81% and a desirable EMI SE value of 30.5 dB. In addition, the film shows outstanding anti-fogging and frost-resistant properties due to the remarkable water absorption capacity of PVA and PSS on the external surface. Considering its efficiency and simplicity, this transparent conductive film has promising applications in flexible transparent electronic devices and optical related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Polyolefin (PO) cables used in confined spaces need to have low smoke, low heat release, low toxic gas release and excellent physical properties. In this work, a series of rare earth stannates Re 2 Sn 2 O 7 (RES, Re = Nd, Sm, Gd) with high temperature catalytic performance were prepared by hydrothermal method for synergistic flame retardant PO/IFR. The flame retardancy, heat release, smoke density, toxic gas release and physical properties of PO composites were thoroughly studied in detail. The RES could enhance the vertical burning rating and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of PO/IFR composites. Moreover, the residual char of the thermogravimetric analysis increased from 9.7% to 11.4 wt% after the RES added in PO/IFR system. Interestingly, the PO/IFR system containing Gd 2 Sn 2 O 7 exhibits the lowest peak heat release rate of 233.7 kW/m2. Excellent flame resistance due to the formation of a complete and compact protective char layer. In addition, the toxic release of PO during combustion is also effectively reduced by introducing the RES. The tube furnace combustion test shows that the emission of carbon oxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) of PO/IFR/Gd 2 Sn 2 O 7 are the lowest. It can be attributed to the catalytic effect of rare earth elements and the blocking effect of the dense char layer. In addition, compared with the PO/IFR composites, the PO/IFR/RES system demonstrate higher mechanical properties and volume resistivity. Therefore, the addition of RES has a positive effect on improving the physical properties and fire safety properties of the PO/IFR cable composites, especially suitable for using in confined spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Owing to the lack of research on structure-activity relationship and interaction mechanism between unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) and flame retardants, it has been a big challenge to prepare high-efficiency flame retardants for UPR in industry. In this research, to explore structural rules of high-efficiency flame retardants, several polymeric flame retardants were synthesized with varied main-chain, side-chain, phosphorus valence states and contents of flame retardant elements. The thermal stabilities of flame retardants and UPR composites were firstly assessed. It has been found the interaction existed between flame retardants and UPR, through transesterification reaction and β scission pathway in polyester and polystyrene chains. With only 15 wt% of PCH 3 -S, UPR composites can reach V0 rating in UL-94. The PHRR and THR values can be maximumly decreased by 71.66 % and 77.67 %, with 20 wt% of PB-S. It has been found flame retardants with sulfone group and + 3 valence state of phosphorus in molecular backbone can release SO 2 and phosphorus containing compounds in gaseous phase, which diluted fuel fragments and catalyzed H⋅ and HO⋅ radical removal. The mechanism for improved flame retardancy of UPR composites with various polymeric flame retardants were discussed in detail. Some general rules for highly efficient flame retardant UPR can be summarized: First, gaseous phase flame retardant mechanism plays the major role in improvement of flame retardant performance of UPR composites; Second, the combination of + 3 valence state of phosphorus structures, higher phosphorus contents and sulfone groups effectively improves the flame retardant efficiency of flame retardants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • ZIF-8@Ti 3 C 2 T x was synthesised and applied to prepare flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam composites. • Flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam composites displayed excellent heat and toxic gases suppression performance. • Flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam composites showed notable mechanical properties during compression and tensile tests. • The flame-retardant mechanism of ZIF-8@Ti 3 C 2 T x was systematically explored through gas and condensed products. Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is the most used polyurethane, but the highly flammable characteristic limits its widespread usage. In this work, ZIF-8@Ti 3 C 2 T x was synthesized to reduce the heat and toxic gases of FPUF. Flame-retardant FPUF was characterized by cone calorimeter (Cone), thermogravimetric analysis/fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR), tensile and compression tests. Compared with pure FPUF, these results showed that the peak of heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), CO and HCN of FPUF6 decreased by 46%, 69%, 27% and 43.5%, respectively. Moreover, the tensile and compression strength of FPUF6 demonstrated a 52% and 130% increment, respectively. The superior dual metal catalytical charring-forming effect and physical barrier effect of ZIF-8@Ti 3 C 2 T x were achieved. In summary, a simple and reliable strategy for preparing flame-retardant FPUF with reinforced mechanical and fire safety properties was provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • SiO 2 @3COFs@CuO and SiO 2 @3COFs@Fe 2 O 3 with good nano-enhancement effect are prepared. • PS nanocomposite displays good thermal oxygen stability, mechanical performance and flame retardancy. • The flame retardant mechanism of PS and its nanocomposite is revealed. SiO 2 @3COFs@CuO and SiO 2 @3COFs@Fe 2 O 3 are prepared in this study. Then SiO 2 and its hybrids are incorporated into PS through solution blending method. The thermal stability, mechanical performance, combustion performance and smoke density of PS and its nanocomposite are investigated. The temperature at 5 wt% weight loss and the maximum weight loss rate of PS/SiO 2 @3COFs@ Fe 2 O 3 (PS 4) under air are 15 and 14 °C higher than that of neat one, respectively. The glass-transition temperature of PS/SiO 2 @3COFs (PS 2) is 1.5 °C lower than that of PS, which can conclude that SiO 2 @3COFs contributes to impact strength of PS 0. The peak heat release rate (20.8%) and total heat release (14.0%) of PS 2 decreases further compared with that of PS 0. The smoke density of PS 4 is 23.1% lower than that of neat PS. The influence of SiO 2 and its nano-hybrids on the pyrolysis and combustion of PS is investigated. Incorporation of SiO 2 and its nano-hybrids shows little effect on pyrolysis process of PS. However, heat resistance of PS is enhanced obviously and thermal degradation rate of PS is also decreased through incorporation of SiO 2 and its nano-hybrids. The gaseous pyrolysis products (aromatic compounds and alkenyl compounds) of PS and its nanocomposite also decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A SiO 2 based polymeric composite coating is developed via a facile strategy to get fire resistance for wooden materials. The composite coatings exhibit strong interfacial adhesion to versatile flammable substrates. The coating-treated wood features well flame resistance, a high LOI of 48.0%, a desired V-0 rating during vertical burning, low heat release rate and long ignition time. [Display omitted] Fire resistant coatings have been proven as an efficient way to improve fire safety in three aspects: reducing the Heat Release Rate (HRR), delaying the ignition time and preventing heat transfer. Herein, a SiO 2 based polymeric composite coating with a lower thermal conductivity and brilliant fire resistance was developed. Isocyanate and sodium silicate could form the final Si-O-Si network structure by polymerization. Compared to the wood without coating, the coated wood shows a significantly increase in limit oxygen index (LOI), has reached 48.0 vol% in the test. As for the cone calorimetry test, coated wood shows a 55.3% decrease in the first peak Heat Release Rate (pHRR) and the Total Heat Release (THR) obtains fire-resistant standard. After exposed to butane flame for 30 mins, the coated wood could still maintain its structural integrity with only 180℃ on the non-exposed side. The commercial standard test of the coating was also investigated. To better understand what role does the polyurea play in the system, a theoretical calculation was done during the research to discuss the interaction between the silica and polyurea. As a fast brush-formed coating, it exhibits a great potential in the field of fire-resistant materials, and may broaden the application prospects of wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • FPUF with EMIshielding performance were prepared via electroless plating SNPs. • The EMI SE accomplished 62 dB when decorated for 1 h and reached 120 dB after 2 h. • The SSE/t was 2434.00 dB·cm2/g, far satisfying the commercial request. • The PU foam exhibited anti-dripping behavior and the HRR reduced 80.92%. • CO decreased by 75.01% and other typical toxic gases (HCN, etc.) were also reduced. Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) has been considered as an excellent material in many fields, such as furniture and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding products due to its lightweight and flexibility. However, there is a severe fire hazard problem for FPUF that makes it unsuitable to be used in practical. Herein, a facile method was to prepare anti-dripping FPUF via electroless plating at ambient temperature. The silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were in-situ grown on the surface along with the polydopamine (PDA) as an adhesive and template (SNP@PDA@FPUF). As a result, these FPUFs show outstanding fire safety and anti-dripping capacity, and the heat release rate reduced 80.92%. Furthermore, the amounts of carbon oxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) decreased 75.01% and 22.4%, respectively. Above all, the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) accomplished almost 120 dB as the increasing electroless time with a low density of 0.051 g/cm3. Furthermore, the specific EMI SE (SSE) and the absolute EMI SE (SSE/t) accomplished 2630.98 dB·cm3/g and 2434 dB·cm2/g, respectively, which was far beyond the commercial request. Therefore, this work may provide a facile way to prepare low density and EMI shielding products with high fire safety for next generation electronic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Although more and more attention has been paid to electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fabric materials due to increasing electromagnetic waves pollution, little attention to their fire safety behavior and durability in practical use. Herein, durable EMI shielding ramie fabric with flame retardant and self-healing performance were fabricated by depositing ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) layer, MXene sheets and polycaprolactone (PCL) layer. The resultant multifunctional fabric could self-extinguish and the peak heat release rate (pHRR) value reduced about 74.3% for the modified ramie fabric that contains about 12 wt% of PEI/APP bilayer compared with pure ramie fabric. Furthermore, the ramie fabric coated by a increasing amount of MXene sheets changed from insulating to conductive, thus gradually improving their EMI shielding performance, which exhibit a high electrical conductivity of 900.56 S/m with an outstanding SE value of 35 dB at a 1.2 mg/cm2 content in the X-band. Besides, When the multifunctional fabric was cut off under external force, it could achieve self-healing and the EMI shielding performance can recover to 34 dB due to the low melting point and good fluidity of PCL. Thus, this multifunctional fabric holds great promise for wearable intelligent cloth, EMI shielding and other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A series of eco-friendly and renewable EMI shielding films were developed using disulfide linked WPU. • The healable films were castor oil-based and containing dynamic covalent bonds. • Over 99.999% EM waves (51.37 dB) were dissipated owing to the segregated structure. • Negligible change in shielding efficiency after bending 200 times or 80 °C aging. • The films performed remarkable shape memory behavior with full recovery and self-healing properties. Recently, the increasing demands of the portable devices and flexible electronics have caused lots of electromagnetic wave pollution. MXene, a novel two-dimensional material, was considered as a promising two-dimensional material for preparing flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films. Herein, we firstly synthesized a series of flexible and self-healable EMI shielding waterborne polyurethane (ADWPU) films by mechanically blending with Ti 3 C 2 T x (ADWPU-T). Interestingly, the self-assembling between ADWPU and Ti 3 C 2 T x constructed a tunable analogical structure providing reflection-absorption-multiple reflection shielding mechanism. Furthermore, the ADWPU-T emulsions were prepared from castor oil which is a low-cost and eco-friendly biomass polyol. The chain extender 2-aminophenyl disulfide endow a reversible dynamic polymer network which leading to shape memory performance (45 °C heat treatment) and self-healing ability (60 °C, 5 min healed). Above all, these multifunctional flexible films also exhibited outstanding EMI shielding performance (51.37 dB) and performed less decrement after 200 times bending and 80 °C aging test for five days. Therefore, this work would provide a novel promising method for preparing responsive electromagnetic interference shielding products and smart electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black phosphorus (BP) and graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) were combined to prepare BP-CN hybrid nanostructure through a simple self-assembly method assisted by ultra-sonication, and as-obtained materials were further used as fire retardants introduced into epoxy resin to fabricate EP/BP-CNx nanocomposites. It was found that the introduction of 2 wt% BP-CNx into EP contributed to considerable decrements in peak heat release rate (up to 47.72%) and total heat release (utmost to 49.60%) of composites, and LOI value increased from 25% to 31%. SSTF results revealed that the introducing of BP-CN can distinctly reduce the production of smoke. TG-IR results demonstrated that the addition of BP-CN0.5 and BP-CN2.0 into EP matrix exert different influences on the decomposition of resin. Analyses of residual chars further validated through adjusting the proportion of BP and CN can achieve different fire performances of matrix. This work illustrates that BP can reduce the fire hazards of EP, and the hybridization of CN can achieve better flame retarded efficiency, which provides a new strategy for black phosphorus to be used as a flame retardant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer electrolyte, attracts great attention owing to its excellent flexibility, good processability and high safety compared with liquid electrolytes. However, its low ionic conductivity and weak ability to suppress the lithium dendrite severely restrict the further progress of PEO. Herein, we prepare a high ionic conductivity solid polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries by mixing PEO and magnetically aligned functionalized sepiolite (KFSEP) nanowires. The ionic conductivity of PEO/LiTFSI/10%⊥KFSEP solid polymer electrolyte is 2.0 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 20 °C (The ionic conductivity of PEO/LiTFSI solid polymer electrolyte is 4.0 × 10−7 S cm−1 at 20 °C). The experiments and simulation analysis indicate that the aligned nanowires provide a fast-moving channel for lithium ions. The capacity of Li/PEO/LiTFSI/10%⊥KFSEP/LFP cell is 130 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C under 60 °C after 450cycles. Furthermore, Li/PEO/LiTFSI/10%⊥KFSEP/LFP cell shows 150 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C under 25 °C. The Li/PEO/LiTFSI/10%⊥KFSEP/Li cell can work normally more than 600 h, indicating the high stability and lithium dendrite suppressing function of PEO/LiTFSI/10%⊥KFSEP. Overall, a high performance solid polymer electrolyte with higher safety is constructed by incorporating magnetically aligned sepiolite nanowires into PEO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Abstract To overcome the shortcomings of inefficiency in the preparation of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) nanosheets by ball milling, a gram-scale method to preparing COFs nanosheets with butyl lithium as the intercalation agent has been proposed. A significant advantage of COFs nanosheets that display good interface compatibility has been discovered through experiments. Due to their special organic crystalline structure and hydrogen bonding effects, COFs nanosheets without any modification show good interface compatibility, good dispersibility and enhancement in the mechanical properties of PVA matrix even at the loading as high as 9.6 wt%. Meanwhile, thermal, hydrophobic and flame retardant performances of PVA/COFs nanosheets nanocomposite have also been strengthened. This work should provide a guidance for the preparation of multifunctional nanocomposites with high loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]