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Yu, J., 2019. Real economic development model of coastal cities based on point and axis development theory. In: Guido-Aldana, P.A. and Mulahasan, S. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources and Exploration. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 93, pp. 791–797. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The regional particularity of the coastal city determines the direction of its economic development, and the economic development mode of the coastal city mainly focuses on the seafood culture, the coastal tourism and the foreign trade port, processing and so on. In order to quantify and analyze that economic development model of the coastal urban entity, the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the point-axis development theory is put forward. In this paper, the effective way to study the economic development of the coastal urban entities in the context of the innovation and driving development is studied, and the main difficulties facing the economic and innovation development of the current coastal urban entities are analyzed, and the development bottleneck of the economic development of the current coastal urban entities is found. The quantitative evaluation and analysis model of the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the quantitative regression analysis is constructed, and the panel data fusion analysis of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is realized by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By adopting the fuzzy correlation constraint control method, the innovation driving planning and design of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is carried out, and the correlation analysis of the profit level and the profit quality of the economic enterprise of the coastal urban entity is realized. The validity of the economic development model of the coastal city is realized by combining the statistical analysis and the test method. Taking the economic example of the 200 coastal cities of China's coastal port cities as an example, the empirical analysis shows that the model can effectively and continuously innovate and drive the quantitative assessment of the economic development model of the coastal urban entities under the sustainable innovation driving strategy. The net profit rate index of the total assets of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is steadily improved, and the risk-risk ability of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regional particularity of the coastal city determines the direction of its economic development, and the economic development mode of the coastal city mainly focuses on the seafood culture, the coastal tourism and the foreign trade port, processing and so on. In order to quantify and analyze that economic development model of the coastal urban entity, the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the pointaxis development theory is put forward. In this paper, the effective way to study the economic development of the coastal urban entities in the context of the innovation and driving development is studied, and the main difficulties facing the economic and innovation development of the current coastal urban entities are analyzed, and the development bottleneck of the economic development of the current coastal urban entities is found. The quantitative evaluation and analysis model of the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the quantitative regression analysis is constructed, and the panel data fusion analysis of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is realized by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By adopting the fuzzy correlation constraint control method, the innovation driving planning and design of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is carried out, and the correlation analysis of the profit level and the profit quality of the economic enterprise of the coastal urban entity is realized. The validity of the economic development model of the coastal city is realized by combining the statistical analysis and the test method. Taking the economic example of the 200 coastal cities of China's coastal port cities as an example, the empirical analysis shows that the model can effectively and continuously innovate and drive the quantitative assessment of the economic development model of the coastal urban entities under the sustainable innovation driving strategy. The net profit rate index of the total assets of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is steadily improved, and the risk-risk ability of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gong, C.; Yang, X.; Liu, Y., and Xiong, H., 2020. China's Port-Hinterland Coordinated Economic Development under 'Maritime Silk Road' Initiative. In: Li, L. and Huang, X. (eds.), Sustainable Development in Coastal Regions: A Perspective of Environment, Economy, and Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 112, pp. 465-471. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. China's 'Maritime Silk Road' initiative is getting increasing attention worldwide and this study examines how well China coordinates its ports and hinterlands to boost its economic growth under the initiative. Our empirical analysis reveals that: i) China's all five major ports demonstrate some port-hinterland economic synergy, though with varying structures and levels. Specifically, Fuzhou Port's development is mainly driven by the hinterland economy while Haikou Port's development by the port economy, and the economic coordination is much more balanced as Beihai Port, Quanzhou Port, and Guangzhou Port are concerned. ii) Measures like optimizing industrial structures, increasing value added for products and services, and perfecting infrastructure can facilitate port-hinterland coordinated development greatly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wei, B.; Guo, X., and Wang, Z., 2020. PPP mode and regional economic development – empirical evidence from coastal areas of China. In: Li, L. and Huang, X. (eds.), Sustainable Development in Coastal Regions: A Perspective of Environment, Economy, and Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 112, pp. 262-268. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Based on China's provincial data from 2000 to 2017, this paper investigates the role of infrastructure investment under PPP mode in promoting coastal and inland economic development. The study finds that the PPP mode can significantly promote China's economic growth by breaking down administrative monopolies, improving resource mismatches and increasing total factor productivity. What's more, we find that the impact of the PPP mode on regional economic growth has a significant inverted U-shaped characteristic by using threshold model. Compared with inland regions, PPP mode can no longer significantly promote economic growth of coastal areas. The discrepancy is due to differences in regional infrastructure capital stock, local leading industries, and the degree of regional marketization. This research offers theoretical reference to the local governments which plan to introduce PPP mode, and also provides enlightenment on how to develop the economy under the "New Normal". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shen, Z., 2020. Coordinated environment and economy in coastal development based on industrial wastewater and SO2 emissions. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 13–18. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. China's coastal areas have achieved great economic growth since the reform and opening up, but at the same time, there has been increasing concern about environmental damage. Many theories hold that economic development has caused great damage to the environment, while environmental protection will also make economic development stagnate. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) puts forward an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic development level and environmental degradation, that is, when economic development reaches a certain degree, continuous growth can improve the environment quality. In this paper, a reduced-form VAR model is used to analyze the EKC relationship about three major coastal developed cities in China: Shanghai, Tianjin, and Shenzhen. Industrial wastewater discharge and sulfur dioxide emissions are used to reflect environmental indicators. Through analysis, it is found that the industrial wastewater index of Shanghai and the SO2 emission index of Tianjin both conform to the inverted U-shaped relationship of EKC curve, and the reaction of industrial wastewater to the industrial electricity consumption of Shenzhen and the reflection of SO2 to GDP also conform to this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhang, X., 2020. Position enhancement and development strategies of Zhuhai's economy in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater bay area. In: Al-Tarawneh, O. and Megahed, A. (eds.), Recent Developments of Port, Marine, and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 110, pp. 201–205. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The economic circle of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) has an important impact on China's economic development and surrounding economic cooperation. Zhuhai plays a non-negligible position in the economic construction of the GBA. To build the GBA into a global advanced economic center, it's important to promote Zhuhai's economic position in the GBA. For this, the authors attempt to systematically study the position enhancement and development strategies of Zhuhai in the GBA. First the position of GBA in the global integrated economy was analyzed. Then, it discusses about the economic development trend of Zhuhai, and proposes corresponding economic development countermeasures and industrial structure optimization methods. The study found that compared with other cities in the GBA, Zhuhai has a relatively higher economic growth rate, a better investment environment, and greater potentials for development; the proportions of the secondary and tertiary industries in Zhuhai are almost the same; to maintain long-term economic development, Zhuhai needs to increase the proportion of the primary industry and optimize the industrial structure. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for Zhuhai's economic development and position enhancement in the GBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cheng, K.-K.; Azam, S.-M.-F., and Yusoff, S.-K.-B.-M., 2020. Research on the impact of rural residents' income on consumption in coastal areas. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 46-49. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The rapid economic and social progress has given greater effect to consumption. Consumption level and consumption structure have an increasingly important impact on social production and life. Consumption is one of the important components to promote economic growth. Although China's economy has made great progress in recent years, its contribution to GDP continues to decline. Income is the key factor affecting farmers' participation in economic activities, and the channels of influence are extremely wide. China's macro-economy has gone through the stages of export-oriented economic development and investment-driven growth, and has achieved rapid and sustained growth. There are some problems in rural residents' income, such as slow growth, wide gap between regions, and uncertainty of disposable income, which lead to unreasonable consumption structure. It is of great significance to analyze the causes of the increase of farmers' income and consumption in the coastal areas of China, and to seek the countermeasures and ways to cultivate the followup consumption groups of farmers, so as to promote the virtuous cycle of the national economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhang, R.-F., 2020. Cooperation mechanism of financial support for marine economic development. In: Qiu, Y.; Zhu, H., and Fang, X. (eds.), Current Advancements in Marine and Coastal Research for Technological and Sociological Applications. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 107, pp. 210-214. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The development of marine economy is an important cornerstone of promoting China's marine economic construction, which is an important engine for China to realize the strategy of "marine power". Under the new normal, the marine economy is facing new opportunities and challenges, which requires us to strengthen the cooperation mechanism of financial support for the development of marine economy. Therefore, we should innovate a variety of financial services, such as commercial finance, policy finance, development finance, marine green industry fund, etc., which will enhance the overall efficiency of financial services for the development of marine economy. By absorbing financial capital, we can boost the rapid development of marine economy, which will promote the transformation from high-speed economic growth to high-quality development. This paper introduces two modes of cooperation for marine economic and financial services, namely, the mode of "government guidance + financial capital" and the mode of "government bank enterprise" cooperation. Through the establishment of coordination mechanism, we can realize information exchange and sharing mechanism, which will promote the development of marine economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jin, J.; Li, F.; Zhang, N.; Chuan, M.; Cai, J.; He, L., and Luo, Y., 2020. The effect of subprime crisis on the financial factor input and economic development of China's largest coastal city, Shanghai, based on an analysis of total growth and efficiency. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 142–147. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Shanghai, as the largest coastal city in China, is growing rapidly in both its economy and its financial market. Using the exogenous shock of the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis as a test case, this research empirically applied a cointegration test and a vector autoregression (VAR) model to test the relationship between financial factors and Shanghai's regional economic development. The results indicate that the contribution of financial factors to Shanghai's regional economic growth has declined significantly because of the influence of the subprime mortgage crisis, and the contribution of financial factors to the growth of Shanghai's gross domestic product (GDP) is also weak. This work makes certain corresponding policy suggestions. First, the pace of financial innovation and the optimization of Shanghai's financial market system should be accelerated. Second, Shanghai's local government intervene appropriately at the right times. Third, efforts should be made to improve the efficiency of financial inputs. Finally, Shanghai should improve its ability to withstand external risk shocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kong, Q. and He, J., 2020. Controlling methods of driving factors in the economic development of coastal areas. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 129–133. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The traditional method for controlling economic development factors has a large deviation when measuring the growth rate of comprehensive factors of economic growth. Therefore, a method for controlling the driving factors of economic development and evolution in coastal areas is proposed. This method extracts the characteristics of the economic development and evolution of the coastal areas, calculates the overall difference in the quality of development, and finds that there are significant high-value clusters in the spatial quality of economic development in the coastal areas. Establish an economic driving factor indicator system, analyze the main driving factors, and study the dynamic changes in the production and consumption levels in coastal areas. Establish a control model to regulate and control the economic systems in coastal areas. This completes the control method of the driving factors for the economic development and evolution of the coastal areas. The experimental results show that the comprehensive factor growth rate calculated by this method is closer to the real value than the traditional method, which verifies the effectiveness of the design method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tan, K. and Liu, A., 2020. Countermeasures and key technologies of port economic development under anti-dumping policy. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 11–14. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Taking s port as an example, this paper studies the relationship between s port economy and hinterland economy. VAR model is introduced for quantitative analysis, and the relevant indicators reflecting port economy and hinterland economic variables are selected. Stability test and VAR vector regression are used for regression analysis. Variance decomposition and mapping are used to analyze the interactive development relationship between port economy and hinterland economy. The empirical results show that the s-port economy plays a weak role in promoting the economic development of the hinterland, while the s-port hinterland economy, especially the total import and export variables, plays the strongest role in promoting the economic growth of the port. Some suggestions are put forward to promote the stable, healthy and high-quality growth of port economy under the anti-dumping policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]