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Anantharaja, K.; Krishnan, P.; Menaga, M.; Abuthagir Iburahim, S.; Hemaprasanth, K.P.; Swain, S.K.; Rani, B.; Panigrahi, A., and Routray, P., 2024. Global trends of biofloc research in the aquaculture sector: A metadata scientometric analysis. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 167–178. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Biofloc technology is a sustainable tool for aquaculture production. This study is the first of its kind to provide insights into the quantitative visualization of global biofloc research trends in the aquaculture sector for the last two decades based on metadata analysis. The metadata on biofloc research retrieved during the period 1999–2021 from Web of Science was analysed. The results indicate that Brazil is the most active contributor to biofloc research—followed by China, Mexico, the United States, and India—in terms of number of publications; however, Israel holds the highest average citations per paper. The most cited paper in biofloc research has been cited 513 times, and Avnimelech from Technion Israel institute of Technology is the author of the most cited paper (513 citations) in biofloc research. The most widely studied species are shrimp and tilapia, specifically Penaeus vannamei and Oreochromis niloticus. The journal Aquaculture published a maximum number of research papers on biofloc (153 papers), followed by Aquaculture Research (96 papers) and Aquaculture International (47 papers). The trend analysis revealed that the topics related to disease resistance, different carbon sources, and microbial community are emerging in recent times. This study highlights the trends in biofloc research for its further advancements to guide researchers and policymakers to expedite the adoption of robust aquaculture practices to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meenatchi, S.; Iburahim, S.A.; Nayak, B.B.; Rathinam, R.B.; Paul, T.N.; Seenivasan, P.; Ramteke, K.; Ramanan, S.S.; and Anantharaja, K., 2024. A meta-analysis of artemia global research over seven decades (1949–2021). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 395–407. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Brine shrimp are little planktonic crustaceans found all over the world in hypersaline habitats. Brine shrimp populations are found in numerous inland salt lakes and coastal salterns across the world. Scientometrics is a branch of statistics concerned with measuring and analyzing scholarly publications. The current study used a Web of Science database to thoroughly analyze and document the Artemia research output over the last seven decades. For this study, 9738 papers were examined using R software to evaluate the scientific productivity in this specified topic area. The global publishing share, rank, and evolution in terms of research and bibliometric indices, such as total citations, h index, and average number of citations per paper, were analyzed. The United States ranks first among the most productive nations in terms of total publications, accounting for 18.895%. India came in sixth place, accounting for 5.812% of total publications. The findings of the current study revealed the trend of artemia-related research studies published between 1949 and 2021. This study also highlighted the focal areas on this issue, about which future topics of research can be chosen for conservation and sustainable utilization of these vital resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rahim, A.; Soeprobowati, T.R.; Putranto, T.T.; Hadiyanto, H., and Alfalah, M.H., 2024. Investigating the impact of climate and land use changes on mangrove ecosystems: A bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2023. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 768–778. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Mangroves are essential to the stability of coastal regions, especially when facing the threat of climate change. However, deforestation, land use changes, and rising sea levels destroy mangrove forests. Based on bibliometric analysis, this paper aims to gain insight into the impact of climate and land use changes on mangroves. By searching Scopus, 534 pieces of literature from 2013 to 2023 were found, and they were analyzed based on bibliometric information and article metadata. Trends and hotspots of the impact of climate and land use changes on mangrove research were explored using VOSviewer software. The results of a network co-occurrence analysis revealed that mangroves, climate change, land use change, blue carbon, and wetlands represent the most popular central areas of study. The results of this paper show that the countries with the greatest number of publications on mangroves and climate and land use changes are the United States, Australia, India, Indonesia, and China. The research findings revealed that remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are the most recently used technologies to enhance the research field of ecosystem monitoring in mangrove research. Maintaining and increasing carbon sinks through sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems have been a potential priority in climate change and mangrove ecosystem research development. This research highlights trends in the impact of climate and land use changes on mangrove ecosystem research over the past 10 years. It identifies areas that require further research investment to promote future research collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sun, Y.; Zhang, S.; Yang, S.; Zhou, W.; Cui, X., and Wu, Y., 2024. Review and analysis of electronic monitoring (EM) minimum standards for pelagic main fishing gear. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 816–825. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Observer systems for monitoring and collecting catch information from pelagic fisheries are essential in ensuring the sustainable harvesting of pelagic fisheries resources. The emergence in recent years of electronic observers that rely on video surveillance is gradually becoming a complementary or alternative measure to human observers. Electronic observers' security and ease of use make full electronic monitoring (EM) of ocean-going fishing ships possible while ensuring complete data availability. The development and improvement of its standards are the keys to ensuring the large-scale application of EM. This paper summarizes and justifies the minimum standards for EM for pelagic fishing by analyzing the standards and current status of human observers, documenting the functions and applications of EM systems, comparing the monitoring capabilities of human observers and EM, and analyzing the characteristics of the three main fishing methods: purse seine, trawl, and longline, respectively, in terms of equipment platform technology, data collection, and data management. The development of EM standards can clarify the cost of the entire monitoring process, ensure the compliance and economics of EM, and achieve effective long-term monitoring of pelagic fishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yang, S.M. and Lee, J.K., 2024. Evaluating the geoengineering performance of a gravity multiblock quay wall and jet-grouting on marine clayey soils along the Korean coastline. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 672–682. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Jet-grouting has been widely used as a ground improvement method in several fields of geoengineering, but most of the case studies have focused on embankments and excavations. This paper describes the performance of a gravity block-type quay wall in the southwest coast of Korea where the underlying soft clayey soils were improved by jet-grout columns. The scheme and properties of jet-grouting and the construction history and measured behavior of the wall-soil system are presented. A finite element analysis was conducted to estimate the settlement, lateral displacement, and horizontal earth pressure of the quay wall. The computed results compare well with the field data during and after construction. The effect of area replacement ratio, quantifying the degree of ground improvement, on the response of the quay walls was also investigated. The field and numerical results show that the jet-grout columns enhanced the performance of the block-type quay wall over soft soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Huang, W.; Li, S.; Lu, Y., and Zhang, R., 2024. Hydrodynamic characteristics of an ecological revetment cavity structure under the propagation of ship-generated waves in a restricted channel. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 382–394. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. With the rapid development of inland waterway transportation and the rapid increase of ship traffic in restricted channels, the role of ship-generated waves on the restricted channel shore slope becomes increasingly significant. Some river bank protection projects use cavity structures to prevent bank slopes from being scoured and have achieved remarkable results. However, the hydrodynamic characteristics under the action of ship traveling waves inside and outside the cavity are not yet clear. Thus, this paper studies the time and frequency domain characteristics of ship-generated wave fluctuations, flow velocity distribution characteristics, and turbulence distribution characteristics in the cavity, under the action of ship-generated waves, by conducting self-propelled ship model flume tests using a new type of cavity shore protection structure applied to a restricted channel. This study investigates the application of such a structure to shallow water coastal areas with frequent ship traffic. The corresponding results demonstrate that during the ship traveling wave transfer to the cavity, the fluctuation frequency did not change significantly, and fluctuation energy concentrated in the frequency range of 0–1.5 Hz. The high-frequency (0.40–1.5 Hz) energy is concentrated in the secondary wave process, and the low-frequency (0–0.40 Hz) energy is observed throughout the fluctuation process. The cavity structure changes the flow velocity from low-frequency periodic flow to high-frequency oscillatory flow, and the frequency of flow velocity change tends to be uniformly distributed with significantly enhanced turbulence. The cavity's maximum wave height, flow velocity, and turbulence energy positively correlate with the self-propelled velocity of the vessel Vc. Moreover, the characteristic values increase slowly for Vc in the subcritical velocity region (Frh < 0.84), and the characteristic values increase sharply for Vc in the transcritical velocity region (0.84 < Frh < 1.12). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aangri, A.; Hakkou, M.; Krien, Y.; Chtioui, T., and Benmohammadi, A., 2024. Risk assessment of marine flooding along the Agadir and Taghazout coasts (Moroccan Atlantic). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 179–192. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's predictions highlight the probability that sea-level rise could exceed 1 m by 2100. As a result, coastal flooding episodes will increase. These will occur during events that simultaneously combine strong swells, spring tides, low-pressure conditions, and abnormally high surges. This behavior can seriously affect urban spaces along the sea. This paper investigated the risk assessment of marine flooding in the Agadir-Taghazout coastline by considering effects of the Sea Level Rise based on a hybrid model. The components of the hybrid model were obtained through NWW III (Wave Watch III), Simulating Wave Nearshore simulations of the propagation of the storm surge from the offshore to the nearshore, and by applying the Generalized Extreme Value method for Total Water Level (TWL) return value estimation. The simple static model calculates extreme levels based on the summation of tidal components, surge, run-up, and return value of TWL. The results obtained are mapped to determine the spatial extent on a height resolution Digital Terrain Model. Currently, the results of the study show, in first order, the high vulnerability of the southern part of the Agadir and Imourane beach. For future conditions, in 2100 the model predicts the submersion of the whole study area, threatening the infrastructures of the first line of the buildings facing the sea. This calls on, from now, the managers of this coast to prepare a protection strategy against this risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson, F.; Douglas, K.; Li, Z.; Meijer, A.; Stacey, C.D.; Kung, R., and Podhorodeski, A., 2024. A generalized semiautomated method for seabed geology classification using multibeam data and maximum likelihood classification. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 1–16. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. This paper presents a GIS-based model to perform semiautomated seabed classification that can act as a first-pass, pseudoclassified surficial geological map. The user can then edit the output into a finalized map in less time than by manual classification. The model uses maximum likelihood classification with unsupervised classification through iterative self-organizing clusters. This model is fully contained within the ArcGIS software suite as a ModelBuilder workflow composed of geoprocessing tools and Python script tools. Model inputs tested include different combinations of multibeam echosounder–derived data: slope, backscatter, and terrain ruggedness. Furthermore, to test the assumption of Gaussian distribution of input data required for maximum likelihood classification, Box–Cox power transformations were applied to slope and backscatter data and were used as model inputs. To illustrate the performance of the model, two locations are highlighted as case studies: Milbanke Sound and Spiller Channel, located on the central coast of British Columbia, Canada. Association between model outputs and ground-truth classes was generally weak to moderate when measured using Cramér's V association scores. Overall, the slope and backscatter parameter model had the highest scores of association. Results from an overlay analysis comparing model outputs with user-confirmed polygons show that the slope and backscatter model performs best in regions with distinct changes in the hardness of sediments but that in fjord regions dominated geologically by steeper bathymetric change, the slope parameter model may perform better. However, all model outputs had difficulty delineating bedrock units. The model has the flexibility to identify certain seabed habitat features as well, including glass sponge reefs—biologically active bioherms that have led to marine protected area designations in other areas of British Columbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nguyen, T.H.T., 2024. A review of marine debris research in Vietnam. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 588–597. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Being considered one of the biggest contributors of marine debris in the world, Vietnam issued a National Action Plan in 2019 that committed to reducing plastic waste in the sea and ocean by 75% by 2030. This present study reviewed the current state of knowledge on marine debris research and management in Vietnam and aimed to support an overall picture of data in order to help deal with the marine pollution problem. According to the records gathered, the research on marine pollution over time in Vietnam has increased, from 8 manuscripts in 2019 to 22 manuscripts in 2022. Study results also showed that there are prepossessions in current research on debris properties, such as predilection for plastic type or fiber and fragment shapes, leaning toward certain environmental compartments (like beaches and floating systems), and favor toward the study area. There is a geographical trend of research being conducted in four main regions in Vietnam (the Red River Delta, Da Nang, Nha Trang, and the Mekong River Delta). The gaps and limits of current marine debris research in Vietnam are also discussed, and avenues for future research are proposed, which are intended to be helpful for both academic and management efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skinner, W.K., 2024. Coastal hazard assessment from multidecadal profile response incorporating climate patterns and sea-level rise. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 511–526. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. A new method for coastal hazard assessment is described and demonstrated by reference to a 40-year cross-shore profile record in Papamoa, New Zealand. It is based on a mathematical interpretation of the envelope within which long-term historic cross-shore profiles vary and from which, for the required assessment period, the statistically significant fully accreted-state and fully eroded-state profiles can be determined. The Monte Carlo method is used to derive stochastic outcomes for long-term trend (LTT) and sea-level rise (SLR) on the basis of correlations with, and a long term proxy for, a decadal-scale climate pattern, which in the example case is the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. Sediment volumes for short-term fluctuation and the LTT are determined and conserved to reflect a consistent wave climate over the assessment period when appraising the effect of SLR. Dune biomass is accounted for when determining erosion scarp stability and hence the final extent of the current and future hazard zones. Results are presented in schematic form as excursions relative to a land benchmark and also as full end-state profiles extending from the dune backshore to the closure depth, with the latter determined by bar volume and profile. Various scenarios are appraised, including those that incorporate SLR predictions of the climate models of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The relative risk of various scenarios is benchmarked to the probalistic expected outcome to produce a risk-based, site-specific assessment of coastal hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lee, J., 2024. The International Conference on Aquatic Science & Technology (i-CoAST): Reflecting on the first 10 years with the Journal of Coastal Research (JCR) and the Coastal Education & Research Foundation (CERF). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 228–234. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The year 2023 will mark the 10th anniversary of the first international Conference on Aquatic Science & Technology (i-CoAST). It's hard to believe that so much time has passed since the conference's inception, and it seems like only yesterday that we were working so hard to make it all happen. The continued development and continuation of i-CoAST as a multidisciplinary conference on coastal and marine issues would not have been possible without the dedicated support of the Journal of Coastal Research (JCR) and the Coastal Education & Research Foundation (CERF), and we would like to sincerely thank our friend and Editor-in-Chief of the JCR, Dr. Christopher Makowski, for always supporting and encouraging us. We hope this essay tells the fascinating story of how i-CoAST started, where we've been, and where we're headed. I know I couldn't have done any of this without the trust and support of my friends and colleagues, who have always supported i-CoAST, so I'd like to take this opportunity to thank them all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mohale, H.P.; Jawahar, P.; Jayakumar, N.; Swapnil, N.; Kadam, R.V.; Prakash, P.; Oli, G.A., and Ravikumar, T., 2024. Fishery, biology, and dynamics of Parapenaeopsis maxillipedo (Alcock, 1905) off the SE coast of Tamil Nadu (India). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 779–791. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The current study was carried out between September 2022 to September 2023 from SE coast of Tamil Nadu for Parapenaeopsis shrimp. This shrimp, estimated to rank third in shrimp production, landed as 2216, 2032, and 1704 kg from Thoothukudi, Mandapam, and Nagapattinam landing centers, respectively. The catch per unit effort was calculated to check the abundance of this species and ranged from 21.83 to 96.41 kg, averaging 46.33% in both years. The total length of males and females was observed in the range of 5.5 to 10.5 cm and 6.5 to 12.5 cm, respectively. Female shrimp attained first maturity at 6.5 cm, whereas male shrimp were 5.5 cm. The gonadosomatic index was calculated and found to be the highest (5.64–5.78) in March and September and the lowest in April and October for both years. The absolute fecundity for P. maxillipedo was recorded and ranged from 38,500 to 1,32,000 ova per female. The highest index of relative importance was observed in October and April for both male (57.04) and female (73.82) shrimp. To estimate von Bertalanffy's growth equation in P. maxillipedo, the asymptotic length and growth coefficient (K) growth parameters were combined for both sexes and analyzedas 13.55 cm and 1.5 y–1, respectively. The total mortality and natural mortality (M) were observed as 3.04 and 2.86 y–1, respectively. Hence, fishing mortality was 0.18 y–1, and the exploitation rate (E) was 0.06. The length at first catch per length (LC/L) and M/K values were calculated using the Y/R model as 0.52 and 1.2 for males and 0.48 and 1.3 for females, respectively. E was observed as 0.06, which was lower than the maximum E of 0.4, which showed that the P. maxillipedo fisheries along the SE coast of Tamil Nadu were at unexploited conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brett, J.; Samuell, M.; Augstein, B.; Parra, S.; Hancock, E.; Saunders, C.; Wunsch, S.; Winstead, N., and Boothby, J., 2024. Nature-based coastal protection: Measuring and modeling flow reduction by oysters. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 647–660. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Natural coastal infrastructure protects coast lines from climate hazard impacts, such as erosion and flooding. Laboratory and modeling studies presented here examine the utility of oyster reefs as a form of natural coastal protection. Oyster reefs are known to provide both water quality improvements and erosion protection. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of oysters on flow parameters in a recirculating flow channel. A cage of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, was placed in the flow channel, blocking a portion of the flow, to imitate cultured oysters in the ocean. Particle image velocimetry was used to measure the flow behind the oyster cage to examine the impact of the oysters compared with a control test with an empty cage. Average velocities were reduced by 15%, with velocities directly behind the cage reduced 70% in fresh water and reversed in salt water. A setup similar to the laboratory experiments was simulated in a Coupled Ocean–Atmospheric–Wave–Sediment Transport (COAWST) model. In the COAWST model, the oyster reef was simulated as stiff vegetation with a drag coefficient of 8, reproducing the 70% reduction measured in the lab experiments. Finally, a regional model is presented, which demonstrates the impact of an oyster reef on waves and currents at a larger scale with a drag coefficient of 1.5, the highest numerically stable value found. Within the oyster vegetation patch, depth-averaged currents were reduced 14% and bottom currents were reduced 97%. Significant wave heights were reduced by 62% above the reef and 23% shoreward of the reef. The results here suggest that regional modeling such as COAWST can be an effective tool for assessing the impact of potential coastal resilience strategies to mitigate climate hazard impacts in a climate-changed world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marks, S. and Potter, C., 2024. Mapping recent coastal shoreline changes in southwestern Alaska using Landsat 8 satellite imagery. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 661–671. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Coastal communities in Alaska are frequently subjected to storm surges that erode shorelines and riverbanks, which increases flood risks around critical village infrastructure. Coastal erosion in western Alaska may be occurring currently at rates as high as 15 m per year, but the region has not been mapped in enough detail to accurately assess recent shoreline and inland riverbank erosion rates. To update the mapping of changes in all of SW Alaska's coastal margins, Landsat 8 satellite imagery was analyzed to detect trends in the normalized difference water index collected from 2013 to 2023. The normalized difference water index values range from -1 to 1, with negative values indicating majority land that includes soil and live vegetation cover and positive values indicating majority water coverage. Results showed marked coastal shoreline erosion at Chagvan Bay, Hagemeister Island, and Nanvak Bay over the past decade. Additional locations of recent bank erosion were detected on the Kuskokwim River, from its upriver mouth past the city of Bethel. Riverbank erosion was also detected in northern Nushagak Bay, and extensive surface-wetting trends around wetlands and riverbanks were detected near the village of Togiak. Moreover, many villages on the west coast of Alaska and in the Kuskokwim River Delta have recently documented climate change case studies highlighting bank erosion, indicating that a variety of related ecological disturbances are ongoing across the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engin, S.; Gurkan, S., and Taskavak, E., 2024. Cellular changes in liver tissue of adult common sole (Solea solea L. 1758) in the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 740–748. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. In this study, cellular changes and biological indices in the liver tissue of the common sole, Solea solea (L. 1758), are investigated based on sex, size groups, and seasons. The specimens used in the study were obtained monthly between 2019 and 2020 from commercial trawlers and small scale–fishing operations in the fishing grounds of Izmir Bay, the Aegean Sea coast of Turkey. A total of 240 common sole fish (166 female, 66 male, 8 immature) were used in this study. In the obtained specimens, the male: female ratio was determined as 0.39:1 (χ2 = 33.19; p > 0.05), whereas the length–weight relationship was calculated as W = 0.009TL2.97 (R2 = 0.86) for females and W = 0.009TL3.27 (R2 = 0.91) for males. Four size groups (19–22, 23–26, 27–30, >30cm) were established in the study. Significant histological changes, such as macrovesicular steatosis degenerations, were observed in the liver tissue of the examined fish, especially in larger size groups. Females exhibited higher levels of condition and hepatosomatic index values compared with males, possibly because they are more susceptible to liver degeneration. During the summer months, liver degeneration is more striking due to hunger among common soles. Based on these results, 36.7% of the specimens caught from fishing grounds in Izmir Bay have normal liver tissues, whereas 11.3% have macrosteosis and 8.3% have a sinusoidal hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long, J.H.; Hanebuth, T.J.J.; Durica, J.T., and Hawkes, A.D., 2024. Late Holocene stratigraphy and sedimentary facies distribution of an anthropogenically modified delta plain (Santee River Delta, South Carolina, U.S.A.). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 623–646. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The Santee River of South Carolina has the second largest watershed in the eastern United States and forms the largest river-fed delta along the U.S. east coast. Anthropogenic modifications to the delta plain of the Santee River, and in many coastal environments within the region, have significantly altered the natural configurations of floodplains, channels, and shorelines. This study incorporated historic and modern state-of-the-art data sets and methods to evaluate the sediment distribution within the modern delta plain as well as the record of environmental change throughout the late Holocene as it is preserved within the subsurface stratigraphy. The study incorporated high-resolution seismo-acoustic and bathymetric data, detailed sediment core analysis, accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dating, micropaleontological analysis, and surface sediment samples to define geomorphic zones based on dominant depositional processes related to fluvial discharge, tides, and waves. Tidal- and wave-influenced conditions were established in the delta plain by around 3 kyr BP and continued into historic times, when the construction of rice fields across most of the delta plain fixed channel positions and isolated floodplains from flood-related sedimentation. Sediment distribution in the modern delta plain is significantly influenced by the maintained network of artificial canals and embankments associated with these historic fields. The influence of these modifications can also be seen within the stratigraphy beneath the delta plain, recording local changes in deposition and erosion that resulted from a modification in water circulation and sediment supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rubin, E.V.L.; Blum, L.K., and Mills, A.L., 2024. Effect of flooding on water-table elevation and salinity in a coastal agricultural field. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 683–695. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Water levels and salinity were measured in seven shallow (∼2-m-deep) wells installed at distances proximal, medial, and distal to the source of tidal flooding between 2017 and 2019 in a warm-season grass meadow adjacent to a salt marsh. Water-table fluctuations greater than 10 cm were associated with seawater, precipitation, or a combination of the two. When the field was flooded by tides (>0.5 m above predicted), groundwater salinity increased; when the field was flooded by precipitation (>2.5 cm), the salinity of the groundwater decreased. The increased head gradient that accompanied the rise in the water table appeared to be sufficient to allow the freshwater from precipitation to push the saltwater down and towards the marsh creek, resulting in a freshening of the groundwater that persisted until the next saltwater flooding event. Thus, the relative frequencies of saltwater flooding, salinization, freshwater flooding, and flushing controlled the groundwater salinity. These findings indicate the importance of high-tide events in the process of salinization of the groundwater and the ameliorating effects of rainfall events when the magnitude is sufficient to increase groundwater elevation at least 10 cm. Further, the results contribute to a growing body of evidence in support of the interaction between freshwater and saltwater flooding events to enhance the salinity of groundwater and drive ecosystem transition from uplands to salt marshes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abir, T.M.; Das, T., and Ferdous, F., 2024. Building community resilience and adaptation to climate change: Integrating disaster risk reduction in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 792–802. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Building community resilience is very significant in reducing climate shocks and disaster risk. There is some insufficiency in community resiliency among coastal communities of Bangladesh, so they are still suffering from disastrous events like cyclones, floods, riverbank erosion, heavy rain, salinity, and tidal surges. So, this study critically examined the impacts of disasters on coastal communities and how they can build their resilience to reduce disaster risk. This study emphasizes the local adaptation strategies for risk reduction and the barriers faced by the local coastal community that hinder disaster resilience. The study was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. A mixed-method research approach was utilized to assess the situation. In order to gauge the resilience of the community, the study focused on social, economic, infrastructure, and institutional dimensions based on different established climate disaster resilience indexes and frameworks. Key informant interview and face-to-face interview methods were used for data collection. Findings showed that the main barrier to sustainable adaptation and community resilience is the poor socioeconomic conditions of the community in the study area. Lower rates of quality education, limited livelihood opportunities, lack of other resources, and repeated disastrous events cause poor socioeconomic situations for those communities. The results show that the area is highly dependent on agriculture and fishing, so there needs to be special consideration given to disaster tolerance cultivation. In addition, the collaboration of locally grounded adaptation solutions and technological solutions should be emphasized for sustainable adaptation and will be necessary to ensure sustainable livelihoods. The study suggests that policymakers prioritize social and institutional support in building community resilience to reduce disaster risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Krivova, M.; Olsen, M.; Allan, J.; Parrish, C.; Leshchinsky, B.; Senogles, A.; Herrmann, J., and Dundas, S., 2024. Vulnerability assessment of risk for a coastal highway in Oregon, U.S.A. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(4), 714–739. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Threading its way through Oregon, U.S. Highway 101 operates as a crucial conduit, intertwining functional necessity with the aesthetic appeal of sweeping coastal vistas. Unfortunately, many locations along this vital route are under constant threat from coastal hazards, such as seacliff erosion, landslides, and recurrent wave runup leading to overtopping and flooding. Given the daunting challenges associated with maintaining functional infrastructure in such rugged, dynamic terrain, as well as the balance between the preservation of the natural state of the coastline and the infrastructure providing access, sites must be prioritized for mitigation. Using quantitative assessment methods, such as the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI), can play a pivotal role in systematically identifying high-risk sites in need of remediation. Based on the findings of previous studies, the CVI was tailored to assess the vulnerability of the highway system to coastal geologic hazards. In this study, 71 hazardous sites were pinpointed for evaluation and possible remedial action. To capture the spectrum of hazards faced at each site, 26 parameters were used and classified into three primary categories, namely inundation, erosion, and landslides. This study presents a unique approach in implementing the CVI by considering the potential uncertainties in the calculations. The novelty lies in the usage of a Monte Carlo simulation to assign weights based on the uncertainties of each parameter. This innovative simulation approach enables assessment of the sensitivity of the overall CVI estimation based on the influence of parameter uncertainties. Ultimately, this approach provides a more robust, less subjective, and comprehensive vulnerability assessment process than current implementations of CVI that do not incorporate uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calhoun, W.R. and Ezell, E.K., 2024. Marine debris on a protected barrier island in the southeastern United States (St. Catherines Island, Georgia, USA). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 485–498. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Marine debris is a global issue with ecological, societal, and economic impacts, but its severity on southeastern North American beaches remains poorly understood. Abundance, composition, and distribution of meso- and macrodebris on St. Catherines Island, a protected barrier island off the coast of Georgia, were estimated in June 2021. The island's 19.4 km of beaches hold an estimated 5522 items (95% confidence interval = 4361–6457) of easily visible anthropogenic marine debris, with a total end-to-end length of 1.1 km (0.7–1.6 km). The N and S ends of the island were identified as plastic debris hot spots by comparing the distributions of anthropogenic and natural debris. Although average debris density (0.012 items m–2) was lower than most global and national averages, this study highlights the vulnerability of remote and undeveloped barrier islands as sinks for marine pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Van Vliet-Lanoë, B.; Andrieu, V.; Cliquet, D.; Authemayou, C.; Le Roy, P., and Renouf, J.C., 2024. Sea ice and the Middle to Recent Quaternary: Marine highstands in Western Europe. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 445–473. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. This study analyzes the raised beaches of less than 700 kilo annum (ka) above present sea level along the English Channel, which are associated with negative anomalies in δ18O and evidence for anchor ice. The dated coastal events were compared in terms of recent storminess, sea-ice extents, and permafrost with regional paleoclimates. In western France, late Eemian and early interstadial highstands (HSs) indicate an extended annual sea-ice duration during early transgressions, with orbitally forced cold winters and a still-cool Southern Ocean. During regressions, storminess developed with a still-warm intertropical ocean but Arctic cooling. The Northern Atlantic ice sheets starved during early stadials, with aridity because of the seasonal sea-ice extent. (1) A delayed sea-level drop resulted from some ice storage in permafrost and sea ice, which caused depleted δ18O seawater (δ18Osw) values and limited ice caps. (2) The large ice sheets along the Northern Atlantic spread progressively and were delayed until marine isotope stage 4 (MIS 4). Their development resulted from summer precipitation rise caused by the cyclic restoration of thermohaline circulation during Dansgaard–Oechger (DO) events alternating with multiyear sea-ice cover. This led to a more unstable North Atlantic Current, which was repeatedly destabilized. (3) Early glacial storage partly or fully vanished during early DO or interstadial HSs, with climate conditions close to those of the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raki, A.; Mridekh, A.; Manar, M.A.; Jemily, L., and Mhammdi, N., 2024. Dynamic model of Mio-plio-quaternary evolution of the Rharb continental shelf (NW Morocco). Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 499–510. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The Northwest Atlantic margin of Morocco belongs to the huge Gulf of Cadiz complex situated within the boundary of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates. This provides an excellent geological context in which complex mechanisms occur, emphasizing the interconnectedness of geological processes across a larger scale. This study uses a coupled methodology of calibrated industrial seismic lines interpretation and boreholes data collected between the latitudes of Larache and Kenitra cities along the Moroccan Atlantic shelf. The main results show that Neogene structural evolution is dominated by Alpine compressive forces, as evidenced by reverse structures associated with the displacement of the PreRifane Nappe. These structures create space that leads to the development of the facing growth normal fault. Seismic stratigraphy analyses illuminate a Sebou paleo-valley succession, comprising 10 third-order Plio-Quaternary seismic sequences in response to glacio-eustatic cycles. These findings underscore the profound influence of regional and local tectonics intertwined with sea-level changes on the sedimentary history of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ghosh, S.; Anju, P.; Pattanayak, R., and Sahu, N.C., 2024. Fisheries and aquaculture in wetland ecosystems: A review of benefits, risks, and future prospects in India. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 598–612. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Globally, wetland ecosystems are vital for supporting biodiversity and provide numerous ecosystem services, with fisheries playing a pivotal role. Wetlands are essential nurseries for fish, supporting fisheries that contribute significantly to food security and livelihoods. Wetlands offer a consistent supply of water, which can be well utilized for fisheries and aquaculture. Groundwater recharge from wetlands is crucial for irrigation, drinking water, and other uses. Additionally, wetlands control water movement, aiding in the reduction of floods and droughts. They also serve as carbon sinks and play a crucial role in mitigating climate change. However, wetlands face multiple risks, including habitat destruction due to urbanization and agricultural expansion, water pollution, overfishing, and invasive species. Climate change exacerbates these threats, altering wetland habitats and fish behavior. Sustainable wetland fisheries management is essential to mitigate these risks, emphasizing the need for community-based approaches, habitat restoration, and the development of resilient fish populations. The future prospects of wetland fisheries lie in integrated conservation strategies that balance the ecological significance of wetlands with the socioeconomic benefits to humans. Incorporating traditional ecological knowledge, scientific research, and policy interventions will be key to safeguarding these ecosystems and ensuring sustainable fisheries and aquaculture. In the context of the expanding fisheries and aquaculture industries, this study addresses the significance, risks, and future prospects of wetlands in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Khonde, N.; Katange, K.; Singh, G.; Kumar, A.; Maurya, D.M.; Giosan, L., and Ghosh, T., 2024. Recent sedimentation across Kori Creek in the western Great Rann of Kachchh Basin: Insights from tidal network changes, sedimentological, clay mineralogical, and rare earth element studies. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 289–302. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Kori Creek is one of the most important creeks along the coastline of the Kachchh basin and forms a connecting passage between the Arabian Sea and the Great Rann of Kachchh (GRK) basin. Historically, this region has supported maritime activities between the Kachchh region and Sindh (now part of Pakistan) and witnessed significant landscape changes in the past few centuries. This study demonstrates tidal network changes that occurred over the past four decades (from 1984 to 2020) using satellite data in the Kori Creek region and western GRK basin. The results show that Kori Creek extended more than 30 km landward during the past four decades on account of ongoing tectonic adjustment and headward erosion of tidal channels in the GRK. Short sediment cores collected across the Kori creek in a transect provided evidence of the establishment, extension of tidal channels, and changing dominance of tidal flooding and channel influences on the sediment distribution. The clay mineralogical composition of the Kori Creek region shows the dominance of illite and chlorite over smectite and kaolinite minerals in general. However, from north to south (KC-1 to KC-5), clay compositions show a relative increase in smectite, indicating an increasing contribution due to sediment redistribution from the Indus delta, probably through coastal currents in modern time. The Rare Earth Element composition of the Kori Creek sediments is consistent and shows homogenised sediments that were dominantly sourced from the felsic rocks in the hinterland. Presently, the Kori Creek sediments do not receive significant sediments from rivers in the terrestrial part, the mineralogical composition, and chemical signatures suggest the Indus and the GRK as secondary sources for the Kori Creek modern sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Andrade, H.A.A.; Rodrigues, F.C.G.; Fletcher, C.H.; Casey, G., and Giannini, P.C.F., 2024. Winter sedimentology and morphology of the Maçambaba beach–foredune system, SE Brazil. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 338–352. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The Maçambaba Holocene coastal barrier and dune system in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, is located immediately west of an abrupt orientation change from SW-NE to W-E on the SE Brazilian coastline. The eolian deposits are formed by winds from the SW, associated with polar air masses advancing in austral winter, and winds from the NE, associated with summer monsoon and upwelling intensification. The active beach–foredune system consists of intermediate reflective beaches and ramp incipient foredunes in the western (km 0–km 14) and central (km 15–km 35) sectors of the barrier and intermediate to dissipative beaches with more common ridge incipient foredunes in the eastern sector (km 36–km 48). This pattern from W to E indicates a change in the beach–foredune system from a more erosional regime with lower sand supply in the west to a more depositional setting in the east. Measured at the swash line, winter mean grain size fines and granulometric sorting increases from W to E, evidence of a net longshore drift in this direction. The increase in eolian sand supply toward the east favors sand reworking by SW (onshore) winds in the winter; consequently, coastal dunes are well developed in this sector. Overwash processes frequently develop where eolian deflation favors marine inundation during winter swell events. After their formation, washover fans are typically reworked by reverse winds from the NE (offshore) in austral summer. Throughout the entire barrier system, seasonal shifts in both swell orientation and wind direction are dominant climatic factors determining the development of washover fans, blowouts, and parabolic dunes with opposing migration directions. Investigating the effect of this climatic seasonality on the beach–foredune system is critical to understanding coastal response to storm events and climatic variations on longer timescales. A barreira costeira holocênica de Maçambaba localiza-se no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil, imediatamente a oeste de uma mudança abrupta de orientação na costa, de sudoeste-nordeste para oeste-leste. Os depósitos eólicos são formados pelos ventos de sudoeste, associados às massas de ar polar que avançam no inverno austral, e pelos ventos de nordeste, associados à monção de verão e à intensificação da ressurgência. Nos setores central e oeste da barreira, o sistema praia-duna ativo consiste em praias intermediárias refletivas e dunas frontais incipientes em rampa. No setor leste, ele é composto por praias intermediárias dissipativas e dunas frontais incipientes em cordão. A passagem de dunas frontais em rampa, na parte oeste da barreira, para dunas frontais dominantemente em cordão, na parte leste, indicam que o aporte de areia eólica é maior a leste que a oeste. Nas amostras coletadas no espraiamento, a seleção granulométrica melhora e o tamanho médio de grão diminui de oeste para leste, o que é sugestivo de transporte longitudinal de sedimentos nesse rumo. O crescimento do aporte sedimentar para leste aumenta o retrabalhamento eólico pelos ventos de sudoeste (onshore) no inverno, e consequentemente as dunas costeiras são melhor desenvolvidas no setor leste, incluindo a formação de rupturas de deflação (blowouts). Neste setor, processos de sobrelavagem costeira frequentemente se desenvolvem onde a deflação eólica favorece a inundação marinha durante eventos de swell no inverno. Após sua formação, os leques de sobrelavagem são geralmente retrabalhados pelos ventos reversos de nordeste (offshore) no verão austral. Na barreira como todo, mudanças sazonais na orientação do swell e na direção do vento são fatores climáticos dominantes que determinam o desenvolvimento e deposição de leques de sobrelavagem, blowouts e dunas parabólicas com direções de migração opostas. Investigar o efeito dessa sazonalidade climática no sistema praia-duna ativo é fundamental para entender a resposta costeira a eventos de tempestade e variações climáticas em escalas de tempo mais longas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wang, Y. and Du, Y., 2024. Eutrophication evaluation assessment based on the multidimension cloud model and projection pursuit method. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 408–417. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Lake eutrophication evaluation is challenging because the evaluation process is uncertain and random and monitored data are usually inaccurate within a wide range. To deal with the uncertainty and randomness in evaluation eutrophication, the integration of multidimension cloud model (MDCM) and projection pursuit (PP) method were proposed, called the MDCM-PP method. The MDCM considers each evaluation factor as a one-dimension attribute, and the weights of evaluation factors were determined by PP method. In addition, the uncertainty and fuzziness of data was processed by triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs). The combination of the MDCM-PP model and TFNs was applied to Dongting Lake in China to evaluated eutrophication statuses. The results indicated that the eutrophication levels in the East Dongting Lake were more serious than the South Dongting Lake and West Dongting Lake, which is in accordance with other research. The proposed method can consider fuzziness and randomness with the MDCM-PP model and TFNs in the eutrophication evaluation, which can also be applied to other evaluation processes with character of fuzziness and randomness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gharnate, A.; Taouali, O., and Mhammdi, N., 2024. Shoreline change assessment of the Moroccan Atlantic coastline using DSAS techniques. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 418–435. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Coastal zones are critical from a physical, social, and economic point of view; however, most of the world's coastal zones are highly vulnerable to coastal erosion because of high population density, tourist attractions, and developed economies. To support mitigation strategies, a coastal erosion vulnerability assessment is essential to generate accurate information on this significant phenomenon. This study presents an integrated approach to coastal erosion vulnerability using a geospatial assessment of coastal dynamics in the Moroccan Atlantic coastal region between Rabat and Casablanca. To contribute to current and future knowledge of the study area's coastline dynamics, a cartographical and statistical approach was used to calculate historical rates of coastline change using aerial photos and satellite images from 1969 to 2022. To accomplish this, the images have been followed by the digitalization of the coastlines, as contained in the images created by using software ArcGIS10.8. These digitalized shorelines were subsequently incorporated into the digital shoreline analysis system, which provided multidate maps with graphical end point–rate (EPR) values. The results for Oued Cherrat estuary and the adjacent sandy beach indicate a general phase of erosion, with the average overall EPR value having reached –2.00 m/y, with the notable exception of a small part of the sandy beach, where progradation manifested itself in the form of an EPR value of +0.10 m/y. The Oued Nfifikh estuary is showing more erosion than the Oued Cherrat estuary. The retreat has affected the greater part of the area, reaching a maximum EPR speed of –5.00 m/y, with the possible exception of a smaller portion that has seen the shoreline progress at an average speed equal to +0.75 m/y. The resulting data may be used by the appropriate authorities to help effectively protect coastlines from erosion and to mitigate its impact on the environment and coastal properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nose, T.; Babanin, A., and Ewans, K., 2024. Directional characteristics of infragravity waves during storms in the nearshore coastal region. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 353–365. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Presented is an infragravity wave analysis of field observations that were made using acoustic Doppler wave gauges for nearshore waters with depths typically less than 10 m. The study found a correlation between total infragravity wave energy with the wind-generated waves and the relative depth, which was robust for high waves during storms. Directional distributions of nearshore infragravity waves were derived from Acoustics Doppler gauges (Acoustic Waves and Currents (AWACs)); it was found that bimodal directional peaks emerged during storms. Previous infragravity wave studies suggest dominant energy is in the propagation sector outward from the coast, i.e. reflected waves, but the analysis here showed that the dominant infragravity wave energy was in the propagation sector incident to the coast. A numerical model that models free infragravity wave evolution from the bound infragravity wave liberation was used to reproduce the observed bimodal peaks during several storm events; however, in contrast to the observations, the dominant energy of the modelled infragravity waves is in the propagation sector outward from the coast. The AWAC directional analysis and its comparison with the model indicate that the breakpoint generation mechanism may contribute to the shoreward propagating infragravity wave energy during storm events. Using the correlation obtained from the AWAC data between the total infragravity wave energy and the relative depth parameter, an empirical model was developed to simulate the directionally discretised infragravity wave heights. The feasibility was demonstrated with reasonable skill values for the total and reflected model infragravity wave heights, which may be a computationally inexpensive tool to provide bulk infragravity wave statistics for preliminary engineering designs. This study demonstrated that AWAC data are useful for infragravity wave studies in nearshore coastal waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gurung, D.P.; Chen, N.; Waguespack, Y.; Ishaque, A.B., and Chigbu, P., 2024. Assessment of alkaline phosphatase activity in the water column of Maryland Coastal Bays. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(2), 319–337. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Understanding maximum alkaline phosphatase activity (Vmax) is essential to understand the phosphorus (P) cycle in Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs). The objectives of this study were to measure Vmax in the samples collected from different locations in MCBs and to examine the relationship between Vmax and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations. Water samples were collected at 13 sites from 2014 to 2016, and Vmax was measured in whole water by using 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate as the fluorogenic substrate. Although the measured Vmax was affected by multiple factors, P limitation events were recognized from spatial/temporal distributions in Vmax values, which might not be reflected by DRP condition. Regression analysis did not yield a significant relationship between DRP and Vmax, and monthly averages of DRP and Vmax provide better evidence of the connection between DRP and Vmax, including P limitation (high Vmax) and alkaline phosphatase inhibition (low Vmax). Results from this study support the view that Vmax is a good indicator of availability of DRP in aquatic environments. More work is needed to further understand the relationship between Vmax and DRP, in particular, when strong P limitation occurs in the Bays. Moderate to strong positive relationships were observed between Vmax and chlorophyll a. Moderately negative relationships were observed between Vmax and salinity and between Vmax and pH, which may be attributed to freshwater inputs. Likewise, a moderate positive relationship was observed between Vmax and temperature for only some months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

van Heerden, V.N., and Snyder, B., 2024. Meta-analysis and spatial distribution of ecosystem services in Louisiana's coastal zone: Implications for coastal restoration. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 17–30. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Coastal Louisiana is shaped by dynamic and complex nature–society relationships. In environmental policymaking, the ecosystem services framework is a common approach to conceptualizing this relationship. A meta-analysis of 46 studies from 1974 to 2019 was conducted, which contained 168 primary ecosystem services valuations for wetlands in coastal Louisiana. Ecosystem services values for freshwater, brackish, and saltwater wetlands are presented. Services include disturbance regulation, fisheries, gas regulation, primary production, nutrient regulation, recreation, and waste regulation. With these values, total ecosystem services values for all wetlands in the coastal zone were calculated. The results showed that freshwater wetlands provide ecosystem services values similar to those of saltwater wetlands and that the annual ecosystem services provisioning for the coastal zone totals more than $36.3 billion (2022 U.S. dollars). This study presents environmental policymakers and planners with an updated ecosystem services value database for effectively communicating the dynamic relationship between people and nature in Louisiana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Battiau-Queney, Y.; Ventalon, S.; Abraham, R.; Sipka, V.; Cohen, O., and Marin, D., 2024. Bedforms and sedimentary features related to water-depth variations in a sandy tidal-flat environment. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 80–103. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. This study highlighted the variability of a wide sandy macrotidal coastal system on short timescales. Changes in water depth and exposure length were the main drivers of this variability. In the study area, the coastal system consists of three units: a lower ridge-and-runnel beach, a 1000-m-wide tidal flat, and a sandy backshore. This research is based on sedimentary features that can record physical forces, especially the bedforms at the beach surface, and their relationship with beach gradient, exposure length, and changing water depth, according to tidal, weather, and marine conditions. It also demonstrated the ability of scanning electron microscope analysis of quartz grain microtextures to indicate the level of marine and eolian energy in the coastal system. The widespread wave and current sand ripples on the tidal flat showed great variability in time and space. A minimum water depth of 0.30 to 0.50 m was required for their development. The role of wind-induced waves and the frequent interference of tidal, wave, and wind forcing mechanisms are emphasized. The development of some complex sand ripples extended over a complete lunar tidal cycle. Wind-generated sand ripples were observed only on the backshore. Their absence on the tidal flat, despite the high level of eolian energy attested by quartz microtextures, and the poor development of dunes on the backshore are explained by factors impeding eolian sand transport at the beach surface such as extreme fetch segmentation and possible shell armoring of the beach surface during dry periods. This study demonstrated the short-term variability of the beach morphology as opposed to the long-term stability of the coastal system as a whole, in which the ultradissipative tidal flat, characterized by limited sand supply, low wave energy, and high but inefficient wind energy, plays a key role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pouye, I.; Adjoussi, D.P.; Ndione, J.A., and Sall, A., 2024. Evaluation of the economic impact of coastal erosion in Dakar region. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 193–209. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Besides the environmental impacts, climate change negatively affects the economic value of coastal zones. Coastal erosion, which is one of its impacts, causes damage to people living along the coast. The narrowing of the beach due to erosion leads to socio-economic damage by reducing the areas where economic activities are carried out. As a result, livelihoods, human settlements, and economic activities such as fishing, tourism, and industry are disrupted. The evaluation of the economic impacts of coastal erosion is timely and relevant. This study aims to economically investigate the most affected coastal areas in Dakar region in 2030 and 2040. It also allows for the identification of localities that need protective infrastructure to prevent economic losses from coastal erosion. The assessment is done by estimating the economic value of the beach using multilinear regression, an econometric forecasting model. Software such as R, Excel, ArcGIS, and Digital Shoreline Analysis System were used in this study. The results show that, due to coastal erosion, the district municipalities along the coast of Dakar will record a loss estimated at 38,507,856,000 FCFA in 2030 and 57,822,698,000 FCFA in 2040. The results of this study suggest that the parameters such as Beach Width, Lost Areas, Coastal Length, Dynamic Rate, Littoral Areas, Built Areas, Proximity to Town, Coastal Vulnerability Index, Number of Buildings, Number of Hotels, Number of Industries, Number of Fishing Points, and Road Length play an important role on littoral value. Coastal erosion will be among the most threatening disasters in the Dakar region if the "do nothing" option is adopted as an adaptation measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whitehead, S.J.; Yeager, K.M.; Feagin, R.A.; Huff, T.P.; Paine, J.G.; Schindler, K.S., and Dixon, T.S., 2024. Growth fault–induced effects on tidal marsh surficial processes and landscape conversion in the Slop Bowl, Brazoria National Wildlife Refuge, Texas. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 64–79. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The Slop Bowl marsh, located in the Brazoria National Wildlife Refuge on the Texas coast, is an anthropogenically influenced tidal marsh setting that has experienced rapid rates of landscape conversion and loss over the last ∼70 years. This tidal marsh has been affected by recently active faults and several hydrologic barriers (roads, pipeline channels, and active hydrocarbon-extraction well pads). Geophysical field methods and sedimentological analyses were conducted to better understand the effects of these developments on marsh surficial processes. Lithostratigraphy, shallow geophysical data, GPS surveys, radionuclide dating, and organic matter analyses all exhibited influences connected to growth-fault motion. The location and activity of a major growth fault were identified as contributing to subsidence on the downthrown fault block and causing vertical displacement of the marsh surface. Fault motion, in conjunction with the construction of roads, has disrupted the natural hydrologic pathways that once existed. Their combined effects resulted in transition of the land cover over the past several decades from a saline coastal prairie to a tidal marsh–dominant landscape, with continued future submergence anticipated. As the natural laboratory of the Slop Bowl demonstrates, anthropogenic development, neotectonics, and hydrocarbon extraction can have outsized effects on sedimentation processes, with implications for the long-term sustainability of coastal wetland environments in the northern Gulf of Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Huong, D.T.T.; Lan, T.D., and Le, D.T., 2024. Environmental conflicts with tourist beach uses along the northeastern Vietnam coast. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 104–114. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. NE Vietnamese beaches possess economic and ecological value, particularly in the areas of international importance, such as the Ha Long Bay World Heritage Site and the Cat Ba Biosphere Reserve, and national significance, such as the National Park of Bai Tu Long Bay. Increasing socioeconomic development in this coastal zone has generated pressures on and use conflicts within coastal ecosystems, including coastal beaches. To support integrated coastal management of the area, identification and in-depth analysis of the environmental conflicts of nine typical tourist beaches were conducted. The conflicts were defined by naming beach users and then grouping them, such as the group of economic sectors and the group of environmentalists and nature conservationists. The first group of beach-use conflicts consists of the conflict of tourism and urbanization with sand mining in Cat Ba, Ha Long–Bai Tu Long, and Cam Pha–Mong Cai; the conflict of tourism and urbanization with marine and coastal aquaculture in Cat Ba, Ha Long–Bai Tu Long, and Cam Pha–Mong Cai, and the conflict of sand mining with marine and coastal aquaculture in Cat Ba and Ha Long–Bai Tu Long. The second group of conflicts between socioeconomic development and nature conservation involves the conflicts of all three economic sectors with conservation activities in the Bai Tu Long National Park and the Cat Ba Biosphere Reserve and the conflicts of tourism, urbanization, and marine and coastal aquaculture with nature conservation in the Ha Long Bay World Heritage Site. Conflict aspects were detailed with the nature of the conflict, parties involved, typological classification, and current trends. Analysis of detailed aspects shows that environmental conflicts are still severe and long-lasting, especially in coastal areas with international and national importance. This requires a resolution of integrated coastal management to be developed as soon as possible for the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chang, H.-K.; Chen, W.-W.; Cheng, C.-C.; Liou, J.-C., and Lin, S.-F., 2024. Assessment of tide model prediction and discrepancy in shallow waters of Taiwan to improve data fusion methods. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 129–137. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Shallow bathymetry in the Taiwan Strait and corresponding complex hydrodynamics are key factors that make it difficult for hydrodynamic tide models to accurately calculate tide levels. Based on the Princeton Ocean Model with data assimilation from 2010 to 2014, the Ministry of Interior (MOI) developed a local tide model (MOI.18v1) for the waters around Taiwan that was imposed by harmonic analysis to have fast tide calculation at any time and at any location. This study first evaluated the prediction accuracy of the MOI.18v1 model using tide data at 22 gauge stations in Taiwan for 2016 and compared the results with those of NAO.99b. The MOI.18v1 root-mean-square error (RMSE) of residuals by subtraction with observations can reach about 13.49 to 18.26 cm, results lower than those of NAO.99b. A data fusion method is also proposed to further reduce the prediction discrepancy with RMSE of 3.67 to 6.35 cm, which means that the percentage of improvement increases the level of 25.85 to 47.08%. Data fusion can be used as a spatial correction for the predicted tide level using hydrodynamic tide models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ramakrishnan, B.; Gavali, M., and Jeyaraj, S., 2024. Comprehensive analysis of siltation behavior in the navigation channel of Deendayal Port (India): Field observations, numerical modeling, and engineering solutions. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 138–149. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Deendayal Port, formerly Kandla Port, is one of India's busiest ports, with a deep inland navigation channel that facilitates easy trade but has been plagued by siltation issues for decades because of the hydromorphodynamic characteristics of this region. This study aims to understand the siltation behavior in the port's navigation channel through field observations and numerical modeling and to suggest suitable engineering solutions. The in situ observations of tidal levels, currents, suspended sediment concentration, and multitemporal bathymetry datasets are used to calibrate a numerical model, developed using Delft3D, to estimate the hydromorphodynamics. As an engineering solution, porous barriers of different lengths and layouts are introduced in the numerical model to minimize siltation along the sides of the channel. It is observed that placing three porous barriers has reduced the siltation by 46 to 56% in the main navigation channel leading to the port. In practice, these porous barriers could be a silt curtain–type structure, which has successfully been adopted in several ports across the globe as an effective siltation stopper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]