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The article makes an experimental study of transference and resistance phenomena in psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy. The general hypothesis is that transference and resistance phenomena through the course of psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy may be quantitatively identified. Furthermore, specific transference and resistance attributes for a particular patient may be quantitatively ascertained. These hypotheses are translated for testing purposes into an analysis of variance balanced block Q-design for one patient resulting in many sub-hypotheses.

This article focuses on psychoanalytic science. In the original 1958 study, the author developed transference and resistance scales using Q-sort methodology. Quantitative ratings of transference and resistance were made of four sessions from one patient's analysis. Ratings were compared with clinical impressions gleaned from the history. The general hypothesis was that transference and resistance phenomena may be identified quantitatively. Furthermore, specific transference and resistance attributes for a particular patient may be ascertained quantitatively.

The article focuses on the validity of interpretative sign of aggression in the drawing of the human figure. The effects of experimentally induced feelings of aggression interpolated between two figure drawing presentations were studied in terms of four variables: line pressure, figure size, a group of seven specific drawing details, and overall subjective judgments of aggression. Of these four variables hypothesized to be related to aggression, only the seven specific drawing details, as a group, did in fact relate to aggression. A rationale for these results was proposed as a dichotomy, graphomotor versus symbolic expression of aggression.

The article presents information on the overt-covert anxiety index and hostility. To evaluate the contribution of this overt-covert anxiety index for hypotheses testing, the relationship between anxiety and hostility was measured by the Cattell scale. The theory is advanced that covert anxiety is related to diminished expression of physical hostile expression. Psychoanalytic theory provides the intervening variable linking anxiety and hostility: the control function of the ego. When ego control fails, anxiety becomes overt and direct expression of physical hostility a likely accompaniment.

The etiology of Tourette Syndrome (TS) according to prevailing views is unknown; there is evidence for both familial and sporadic cases. The author theorizes that abnormal discharges in the frontal lobes comprise the "final common dysfunction" that results in numerous phenomena labelled Tourette syndrome. Facial, vocal, and other motor symptoms of TS are catalogued in parallel with facial, vocal, and body movements that occur during frontal lobe seizures. The variety of etiologies that cause frontal lobe seizures-when applied to TS-can account more readily for heterogeneity of clinical presentations, the numerous "dual diagnosis" cases, and differential response to medication than can a single-gene theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article uses a multiple choice method of testing supraordinate associations with several groups of varying educational levels, including a group of hospitalized mental patients who were the least educated. The following conclusions are supported by the results: (a) There is a greater tendency toward subordinality of associations in the multiple choice form of the test than in the free association method; (b) a positive relationship between education and supraordinality of association predominates in the multiple choice method; (c) within groups of homogeneous educational level, there is a positive relationship between supraordinality and maladjustment.

The article presents information on the influence of instructional set upon the Discomfort-Relief Quotient (DRQ). The DRQ is based on a count of words suggestive of discomfort or relief. It has been employed frequently as a reliable measure of tension during psychotherapeutic processes. An examination of experimental work on the DRQ reveals a close correspondence between discussion topic and DRQ tension. Early in therapy, for example, when a great number of problems are mentioned, DRQ's are high. Later, when the patient states fewer problems, lower DRQ's occurrence. This systematic relationship is apparent under a variety of conditions.