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An antisocial hostility scale was developed by correlating items of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory with a diagnosis of antisocial personality (ASP) as determined by a computerized version of the DSM-III. Fifty-two male volunteers for drug-related studies at the Addiction Research Center were used for a preliminary test development sample. The scale developed thereby was related significantly to a diagnosis of antisocial personality in a cross-validation sample of 28 drug abusers. A final scale was developed by obtaining correlations between ASP and Buss-Durkee items using the subjects from both of these preliminary samples. Items that comprise the scale were predominantly behaviorally oriented hostility items covered by the Assault scale rather than affective items such as those in the Resentment scale. In a 122 cross-validation sample the scale was related significantly to a diagnosis of antisocial personality. The study confirms the generality of the criterion of overt aggression as a condition for meeting DSM-III criteria for antisocial personality.