1. Sensitivity and specificity of serologic assays for detection of human infection with 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus in U.S. populations
- Author
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Jarad Schiffer, Paul Gargiullo, Peter Browning, Alicia Branch, Leilani Thomas, Libo Dong, Hong Sun, Xiuhua Lu, Darbi Aranio, Kathy Hancock, Lydia Foster, Feng Liu, Heather Noland, Li Cronin, Yaohui Bai, Conrad P. Quinn, Stephen D. Soroka, Jacqueline M. Katz, Melissa J. Whaley, Crystal Holiday, Byron Tsang, Evelene Steward-Clark, Hanan Dababneh, David Wang, and Vic Veguilla
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Adolescent ,viruses ,Orthomyxoviridae ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Virus ,Serology ,Young Adult ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Neutralization Tests ,Virology ,Pandemic ,Influenza, Human ,Influenza A virus ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Serologic Tests ,Seroconversion ,Child ,Aged ,Hemagglutination assay ,biology ,Transmission (medicine) ,Infant ,Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,United States ,Child, Preschool ,Immunology - Abstract
Swine origin 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has spread globally to cause the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. Serological studies can improve our understanding of the extent of human infection and risk factors associated with the transmission of this pandemic virus. The “gold standard” for serodiagnosis of human influenza virus infection is the detection of seroconversion between acute- and convalescent-stage samples. However, the timing of seroepidemiological investigations often precludes the collection of truly acute-phase sera, requiring development of serological criteria for evaluating convalescent-phase sera that optimize detection of true positives and true negatives. To guide seroepidemiological investigations into the spread of the novel 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, we characterized serum antibody responses to 2009 H1N1 virus in 87 individuals with confirmed viral infection and 227 nonexposed U.S. individuals using microneutralization (MN) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for each assay alone and in combination for detection of 2009 H1N1 virus-specific antibodies in convalescent-phase sera. Although the HI assay was more specific for detecting antibody to 2009 H1N1, the MN assay was more sensitive, particularly for detecting low-titer seroconversions. A combination of titers (MN ≥ 40 and HI ≥ 20) provided the highest sensitivity (90%) and specificity (96%) for individuals aged
- Published
- 2011