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The description of new taxa and nomenclature updates to currently known taxa from aquatic animal species continues. After a review of the literature from 2022 and 2023, multiple lists of bacteria, including members of Phylum Planctomycetota , were compiled. As with the previous review, most bacteria are oxidase-positive Gram-negative bacilli with familiar families including new taxa in Aeromonadaceae , Flavobacteriaceae , and Vibrionaceae . A number of Gram-positive bacilli are described including new taxa in the Nocardioides , Paenibacillus , and Streptomyces genera. Two anaerobic species are listed, and one new member of Family Planctomycetaceae is noted. Revised taxa are briefly mentioned. The majority of new and revised taxa are isolated from healthy aquatic animals, and therefore, the role of these new bacteria in health and disease is unknown. Bacteria with pathogenic association and potential production of bioactive substances are highlighted., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

With the proliferation of abundant bacterial genomic data comes the recognition of new organisms as well as a better understanding of the relatedness of known bacteria. Recognizing the associated taxonomic changes enhances communication and understanding about the significance of novel organisms and deeper understanding of known pathogens. This review addresses the addition of multiple gastrointestinal bacteria that form the normal microbiota in a variety of animals including honeybees as well as novel bacteria from domestic animals including an alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus species from guinea pigs, two Moraxella spp. from cows and goats, a new Capnocytophaga species from cats, a thermophilic Campylobacter species from pigs, and the new Exercitatus genus in Family Pasteurellaceae . Several revisions to the nomenclature also appeared in 2023 including the change of Clostridium spiroforme, which causes anorexia and diarrhea in domestic rabbits, to Thomasclavelia spiroformis comb. nov. and Mannheimia ovis to Mannheimia pernigra .

Continued investigation into the bacteria associated with non-domestic animals provides important information for recognizing normal flora, assessing the health status of these unique species of animals, and identifying new or emerging pathogens of concern. In this summary of novel taxa and taxonomic revisions, considerable additions have been made toward understanding fecal and mucosal flora in multiple wild animal species. In addition, novel pathogenic bacteria are discussed, including multiple Chlamydia spp. causing disease in a hawk and crocodile, two Corynebacterium spp. causing oral lesions in penguins and a lesser-known genus, Mergibacter within Family Pasteurellaceae , causing disease in multiple wild bird species. Finally, a few revisions to bacteria isolated from normal non-domestic animal body sites are mentioned., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Expansion of our knowledge of the microbial world continues to progress at a rapid rate and carries with it an associated need for recognizing and understanding the implications of those changes. Here, we describe additions of novel taxa from domestic animals published in 2022 that are validly published per the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. These included new members of Staphylococcaceae , Moraxella nasovis sp. nov. in sheep with respiratory disease, three additions to Campylobacteraceae (including one from chickens with spotty liver disease), and multiple additions of organisms from the microbiota of dogs, pigs, and especially honeybees and other important pollinators. Noteworthy additions were associated with diseases of cattle, including mastitis, endocarditis, orchitis, and endometritis. Also described in 2022 was Pseudochrobactrum algeriense sp. nov., a member of the Brucellaceae family, isolated from the mammary lymph nodes of cows., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Numbers of new and revised microbial taxa are continuously expanding, and the rapid accumulation of novel bacterial species is challenging to keep up with in the best of circumstances. With that in mind, following the template of reports on prokaryotic species isolated from humans, this is now the second publication summarizing new and revised taxa in non-domestic animal species in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology . The majority of new taxa were obtained as part of programs to identify bacteria from mucosal surfaces and the gastrointestinal tract from healthy wildlife. A few notable bacteria included new Erysipelothrix spp. from mammalian and aquatic sources and a novel Bartonella spp. isolated from a rodent, both of which could be considered members of emerging and re-emerging genera with pathogenic potential in humans and animals., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Novel bacterial taxonomy and nomenclature revisions can have significant impacts on clinical practice, disease epidemiology, and veterinary microbiology laboratory operations. Expansion of research on the microbiota of humans, animals, and insects has significant potential impacts on the taxonomy of organisms of clinical interest. Implications of taxonomic changes may be especially important when considering zoonotic diseases. Here, we address novel taxonomy and nomenclature revisions of veterinary significance. Noteworthy discussion centers around descriptions of novel mastitis pathogens in Streptococcaceae , Staphylococcaceae , and Actinomycetaceae ; bovine reproductive tract pathogens in Corynebacteriaceae ; novel members of Mannheimia spp., Leptospira spp., and Mycobacterium spp.; the transfer of Ochrobactrum spp. to Brucella spp.; and revisions to the genus Mycoplasma .

Revisions and new additions to bacterial taxonomy can have a significant widespread impact on clinical practice, infectious disease epidemiology, veterinary microbiology laboratory operations, and wildlife conservation efforts. The expansion of genome sequencing technologies has revolutionized our knowledge of the microbiota of humans, animals, and insects. Here, we address novel taxonomy and nomenclature revisions of veterinary significance that impact bacteria isolated from nondomestic wildlife, with emphasis being placed on bacteria that are associated with disease in their hosts or were isolated from host animal species that are culturally significant, are a target of conservation efforts, or serve as reservoirs for human pathogens.

Increased interest in farmed aquatic species, aquatic conservation measures, and microbial metabolic end-product utilization have translated into a need for awareness and recognition of novel microbial species and revisions to bacterial taxonomy. Because this need has largely been unmet, through a 4-year literature review, we present lists of novel and revised bacterial species (including members of the phylum Planctomycetota ) derived from aquatic hosts that can serve as a baseline for future biennial summaries of taxonomic revisions in this field. Most new and revised taxa were noted within oxidase-positive and/or nonglucose fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, including members of the Tenacibaculum , Flavobacterium , and Vibrio genera. Valid and effectively published novel members of the Streptococcus, Erysipelothrix , and Photobacterium genera are additionally described from disease pathogenesis perspectives.