1. Relationships Between Blood Pressure and 24-Hour Urinary Excretion of Sodium and Potassium by Body Mass Index Status in Chinese Adults
- Author
-
Xiaofei Zhang, Sonia Y. Angell, Junli Tang, Liuxia Yan, Mary E. Cogswell, Paul Elliott, Zhenqiang Bi, Michael M. Engelgau, Xiaolei Guo, Jixiang Ma, Quanhe Yang, Jiyu Zhang, Linhong Wang, Yuling Hong, and National Institute for Health Research
- Subjects
Male ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Potassium ,Physiology ,Blood Pressure ,Overweight ,Body Mass Index ,Weight loss ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,education.field_of_study ,MEN ,ASSOCIATION ,Middle Aged ,INTERSALT ,CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE ,Hypertension ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Adolescent ,Sodium ,Population ,chemistry.chemical_element ,WEIGHT-LOSS ,1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology ,REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,1101 Medical Biochemistry And Metabolomics ,Humans ,Obesity ,education ,Aged ,Urine Specimen Collection ,Science & Technology ,OVERWEIGHT ,business.industry ,ELECTROLYTES ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,Confidence interval ,Blood pressure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Peripheral Vascular Disease ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,Commentary ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
This study examined the impact of overweight/obesity on sodium, potassium, and blood pressure associations using the Shandong-Ministry of Health Action on Salt Reduction and Hypertension (SMASH) project baseline survey data. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected in 1948 Chinese adults aged 18 to 69 years. The observed associations of sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium ratio, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were stronger in the overweight/obese population than among those of normal weight. Among overweight/obese respondents, each additional standard deviation (SD) higher of urinary sodium excretion (SD=85 mmol) and potassium excretion (SD=19 mmol) was associated with a 1.31 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, 0.37-2.26) and -1.43 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, -2.23 to -0.63) difference in SBP, and each higher unit in sodium-potassium ratio was associated with a 0.54 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.75) increase in SBP. The association between sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium ratio, and prevalence of hypertension among overweight/obese patients was similar to that of SBP. Our study indicated that the relationships between BP and both urinary sodium and potassium might be modified by BMI status in Chinese adults.
- Published
- 2015