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Intrahepatic bile duct stone is a type of biliary system disease characterized by complex conditions and frequent recurrence, and traditional surgical treatment methods tend to cause various complications and have high requirements for surgical standards. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) is highly efficient in removing stones and is widely used in clinical practice, but there are also other medical techniques for the treatment of cholelithiasis. This article mainly discusses the constant development of PTCS and compares the efficacy of PTCS and other techniques in the treatment of cholelithiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]