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Pancreatic cancer is a relatively common tumor of the digestive system， with difficulties in early-stage diagnosis and an extremely high degree of malignancy. Molecular diagnostic technology based on tumor biomarkers， combined with the existing gold standard in clinical practice， is of great clinical significance to achieve early accurate identification， timely treatment and intervention， and reduction in mortality. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs show high specificity in terms of types and expression levels in different pathological stages of pancreatic cancer and can thus be used in monitoring the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Since a single miRNA has a limited diagnostic potential， the combination of different miRNAs may effectively improve the diagnostic efficiency of early-stage pancreas carcinogenesis. Based on related research advances in recent years， this consensus document aims to fill the gap in molecular diagnostic technology in the guidelines for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer and provide expert guidance and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinically, the recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer after local ablation therapy have been the main factors affecting the long-term survival of patients with liver cancer. As a new generation of composite cryoablation and thermal ablation system, Co-Ablation System creatively integrates the advantages of profound hypothermia cryoablation and thermal ablation, which can maximize the release of tumor antigen while completely destroying liver cancer in situ, thus, the purpose of controlling liver cancer recurrence and metastasis can be achieved. Co-Ablation System treatment is usually carried out through percutaneous puncture under ultrasound or CT guidance. The selection of local anesthesia or general anesthesia is based on the size and location of the liver cancer. Co-Ablation System treatment is mainly suitable for single tumor with diameter <5 cm and multiple tumors（≤3 tumor lesions） with a maximum diameter <3 cm. After ablation, protection of liver function and symptomatic treatment are employed according to patient’s condition. About one month after ablation, MRI or contrast-enhanced CT examination is performed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, then,the patients are followed up regularly. In order to standardize the application of Co-Ablation System in treating liver cancer, the Committee of Minimally Invasive Therapy in Oncology and the Committee of Ablation Therapy in Oncology, Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, have organized domestic experts engaged in liver cancer ablation therapy to make a professional and in-depth discussion and to compose this expert consensus on Co-Ablation System for the treatment of primary liver cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robotic surgery in children started almost simultaneously with it in adults, but proceeded slowly. Since the Da Vinci robotic choledochal cyst (CC ) surgery for children was firstly reported by Woo R et al in 2006, it has been gradually applied in more and more pediatric surgery centers with satisfied results. Though the successful implementation of robotassisted congenital choledochal cyst excision in China was in 2013, the quantity and quality of this surgery have already reached a remarkable level. With the progress and application of the new technology, the acceptance of the robotic surgery for CC have kept increasing. In order to standardize the clinical practice, guarantee the quality of treatment, promote the healthy development of robotic choledochal cyst surgery for children, the Professional Committee of Pediatric Robotic Surgery of Medical Robotic Surgery Doctor Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association & Professional Committee of Maternal and Child Minimally Invasive Surgery of China Maternal and Child Health Association organized relevant experts to initiate the consensus on robot－assisted choledochal cyst excision in children. The consensus focuses on surgical indications, procedures and techniques, and the prevention and treatment of related surgical complications are also provided as supplementary at the end of the consensus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thrombocytopenia and liver injury are common and serious clinical problems in cancer patients. The etiology of thrombocytopenia in cancer patients with liver injury（TCLI） is complicated, which is common in liver injury and tumor treatment. The management of cancer therapy-induced thrombocytopenia has gradually become standardized, and the management of liver injury-associated thrombocytopenia is becoming clear with the approval and marketing of relevant drugs. However, the management of TCLI is still blank, and the superposition of thrombocytopenia and liver injury further increases the difficulty of cancer treatment. Therefore, the Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-care, China Anti-Cancer Association organizes experts to analyze and discuss relevant literatures to form a Chinese expert consensus on the management of thrombocytopenia in cancer patients with liver injury（2022 Edition） to guide clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis E caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an acute /chronic infectious disease with significant morbidity and mortality, which has become an important global health issue. Our understanding of HEV has changed completely over the past decade. Every year 20 million people are infected with HEV, among whom hepatitis E occur in 3.3 million cases and 70 thousands die from HEV infection-related diseases globally. However, a majority of HEV infections, especially fulminant or chronic hepatitis E, are missed diagnosed or misdiagnosed in China. According the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 set by the World Health Organization and based on the fact that medical institutions are the main facilities for diagnosis and treatment of Hepatitis E in China, we developed the Expert Consensus on the process of in-hospital screening and management of viral hepatitis E in China. The consensus intends to promote multi-disciplinary and multi-departmental collaboration in health care institutions, including hospital administration, infection control division, clinical departments and laboratory, to strengthen the screen, diagnosis, consultation, referral and treatment of patients with hepatitis E. Meanwhile, the consensus also intends to raise the awareness of hepatitis E among non-infectious and non-hepatic specialists, which would be conducive to timely detection and early diagnosis of hepatitis E. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC), as one of the interventional therapeutic techniques, has been gradually recognized in the treatment of advanced hepatobiliary malignancies. However, HAIC operation technique has no unified standard and varies widely in different clinical centers. Usually, in most clinical centers HAIC is performed in a way of pure puncture plus catheter implantation. In order to meet the requirements of long and continuous arterial infusion and repeated drug administration in HAIC treatment, the use of modified percutaneous hepatic arterial port-catheter system is superior to conventional repeated femoral arterial puncture and catheterization. In the implantation of hepatic arterial port-catheter system, the modified fixed-catheter-tip technique and the intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic arterial blood flow redistribution technique are adopted, these techniques have the advantages of small trauma, low catheter displacement rate, achieving the purpose of whole liver perfusion, higher patient comfort, fewer complications, etc., which have already been demonstrated in many clinical centers at home and abroad. In order to better standardize the treatment technique of HAIC, the experts who participate in compiling this consensus, through reviewing the literature, combining own clinical practice experience and making full discussion, have reached following agreements concerning the standardized operation process, technical key points, HAIC regimen, prevention and treatment of postoperative complications, maintenance of port-catheter system and related nursing routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vascular complications after liver transplantation are important causes of liver dysfunction and graft loss. The incidence rate range is from 5% to 25%, and the mortality rate is high. The complex and changeable vascular conditions of the donor and recipient, anastomosis techniques, infection, and acute and chronic rejection after transplantation can all cause vascular complications of liver transplantation. The types of vascular complications are diverse and complex. According to the vascular structure, they can be divided into arterial and venous complications; according to the characteristics of blood flow, they can be divided into inflow tract (hepatic artery, portal vein) or outflow tract (hepatic vein, vena cava) disorders; according to the nature of the lesion, they can be divided into rupture, stenosis, thrombosis and pseudoaneurysm, etc; according to the time of occurrence, they can be divided into early or late. Surgical plan design and surgical operation techniques are the technical factors of early vascular complications after liver transplantation. The types of vascular complications and their accompanying clinical manifestations are closely related to the choice of diagnosis and treatment strategies and clinical outcomes. Therefore, the Perioperative Management Group of Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association formulated the Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Perioperative Vascular Complications of Liver Transplantation, aiming to standardize and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of common perioperative vascular complications in liver transplant recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In hepatobiliary carcinoma,serologic and histologic biomarkers including proteins and genes have been recommended and categorized for cancer diagnosis,targeted therapy and immunotherapy regimen selection,as well as prognostic prediction at different levels. To standardize the application of molecular biomarkers in clinical diagnosis,therapeutic evaluation,and prognosis prediction of primary hepatobiliary carcinoma,the specialist committee has summarized the current well studies biomarkers with clinical significance in both serum and tumor tissue as well as provided professional agreements on their potential utilization in this consensus. Moreover,we have made recommendations on standards for laboratory detection,technical operation,data analysis,result interpretation,clinical report,and the whole-process quality management in serological,histopathological detection and next-generation sequencing. According to these,the committee aims to offer clinical staffs with scientific and practical references and guidance to achieve better personalized treatment decisions from these up-to-date knowledges of molecular diagnosis on hepatobiliary carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver is the most important metabolic organ in the human body．The varying nutrient metabolism and malnutrition (undernutrition) occur in people with chronic liver diseases． Malnutrition and chronic liver damage are reciprocal causation，leading to form a vicious spiral．Whether nutritional support for patients with chronic liver disease (compensated or decompensated cirrhosis，acute on chronic liver failure and chronic liver failure) can play a role in improving the outcome is the focus of our attention．In recent years，there is still lack of large sample，high quality clinical reports in this field．Based on systematic review of major literatures and clinical practice of chronic liver disease in our country, this consensus would provide references for physicians，nurses，dietitians and pharmacists in clinical work related to chronic liver disease． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]