Search

Introduction: Enamel gets demineralised when they get exposed to acidic environment. Very common issue seen after orthodontic treatment is white spot lesion and also there is a chance of inflammation in periodontal fibres if the fixed lingual retainer is given to the patient. Furthermore, it enhances the plaque and calculus accumulation. So, to minimise these deleterious effects, lingual retainer is modified by surface coating with silver dioxide which shows anti-bacterial and antiadhesive properties. Aim: Assessment of anti-adherent and anti-bacterial properties of silver dioxide (AgO2) surface modified Orthodontic lingual retainer against S.mutans. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study will use 60 orthodontic lingual retainer specimens. The samples will be divided into four groups for testing with 15 specimens in each group. The samples will be divided into four groups: two control groups with commercially available lingual retainer will be used for assessing anti-bacterial and anti-adhesion properties and other two will be of surface treated lingual retainer for testing. Bacterial strains will be taken with sample size 15 in each group then the preparation of photocatalytic silver dioxide-coated orthodontic lingual retainer. Even coating will be ensured by sputtering technique and thickness of coating will be 50-60 nm. Chi-square test will be used to analyse differences in categorical variables. Expected outcome: The photocatalytic (AgO2) coated retainer will reduce the bacterial accumulation and adhesion. Conclusion: Surface modification of lingual retainers with photocatalytic AgO2 will reduce the bacterial adhesion which can be used to prevent the formation of dental plaque and demineralization orthodontic treatment, thereby preventing demineralization of enamel and periodontal breakdown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on assessing conditioning of the tooth surface with butter prior to subjecting the tooth to demineralisation. Topics include dental caries being a disease of the microbial origin where caries prevention focusing towards development of antimicrobial agents; and caries protective agent being used for either antimicrobial or focusing towards remineralisation of the carious lesion.

Introduction: Dental caries is a multifactorial microbial infectious disease characterised by demineralisation of the inorganic and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth. To combat dental caries the application of nanotechnology includes the inhibition of formation of biofilm and regulating the balance of demineralisation-remineralisation processes, ensuring a possible mechanism that can aid in prevention and treatment of tooth decay. Initial caries progression may be prevented by suitable surface treatment, by applying surface remineralising agents. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of remineralising potential of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) gel, Chitosan nanoparticles and Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) on microhardness of artificial carious lesions created on extracted teeth. Materials and Methods: This was an in-vitro experimental study associated with Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad conducted during a period of two months (October and November 2019) at Mechanical Department of Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Islampur, Maharashtra. The total sample size was 30 premolar teeth. In this in-vitro study, test materials Chitosan nanoparticles, Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) and Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride gel (APF) varnishes were manipulated and applied (10 in each group) in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Artificial carious lesions were created in the enamel. This was achieved by suspending the teeth in an artificial caries system. Baseline microhardness was then recorded using Vickers Hardness Test and varnish application was carried out. Samples were then placed separately in a demineralisation solution for three hours. Thereafter, samples were placed in a remineralisation solution. Any change in microhardness was determined by evaluating the Vickers Hardness Test at the end of 28 days. The data was then recorded, tabulated and statistically analysed using KruskalWallis Test and Wilcoxon Signed Test for inter and intra groups comparisons to find out if there was a significant difference. Results: All the three varnishes i.e., Chitosan nanoparticle, silver diamine fluoride and APF gel in intragroup comparison after intervention showed significant differences with Chitosan nanoparticle showing the highest increase in microhardness with p-value of 0.001 followed by SDF with p-value of 0.005 and APF gel with p-value of 0.005. Conclusion: All the three varnishes increased enamel microhardness significantly. Chitosan nanoparticle showed highest increase in remineralisation followed by SDF and APF gel. Hence, varnish application is a good method in remineralising the tooth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a male newborn was presented with deformities of lower limb noticed at birth. Topics include on clinical examination, there were bony irregularities and thickness felt on both femurs and tibia; X-ray of bilateral lower limbs showed thinned out cortex with demineralisation; and the baby died on 6th day with respiratory infection.