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This study aims to investigate the impact of renewable energy consumption on the economic growth of G7 countries and explore the potential nonlinear relationship between the two variables. Initially, the NARDL model is employed to analyze the G7 countries, allowing for the control of nonlinear relationships and considering asymmetric effects. The findings of the NARDL model reveal an asymmetric long run cointegration relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Canada and the US, while other countries show different dynamics. Subsequently, a causal dynamic impact analysis is conducted to gain further insights into the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth. In the next step, the advantage of panel data analysis is utilized to investigate the overall impact across all G7 countries. For this purpose, the study extends the NARDL model to the PNARDL (Panel Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag) model, which facilitates the control of asymmetric effects and nonlinearity in the panel data model. In this context, this study is one of the first studies to control the nonlinearity in panel data analysis. The results from the PNARDL model demonstrate that renewable energy has a positive long-term relationship with economic growth in G7 countries; however, this relationship is statistically insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has steadily gained attention as the global economy has grown more quickly, preventing continued high-quality economic growth. In this context, the eco-innovation concept has recently risen to the top of the list of academic research topics since it is a crucial tool that combines reduced environmental effects with a favourable socioeconomic impact. Nevertheless, the environmental situation is not improving despite the increasing eco-innovation level. From one perspective, instead of concentrating on how eco-innovation lessens carbon emissions, this research explores the indirect effect of carbon emissions on the GDP-eco-innovation nexus. From another perspective, since FDI might lessen harmful pollution, this research analyses the indirect effect of FDI on the economic growth-eco-innovation nexus. Therefore, this paper highlights the relationship between eco-innovation and economic growth (GDP), considering the dual mediating roles of carbon emissions and FDI. First, we examine the effects of GDP on eco-innovation activities in nine MENA countries from 2000 to 2019 using the geographic Durbin model based on spatial panel data. Second, this paper analysed the dual mediating effect of carbon emissions and FDI using the spatial stepwise regression model. The findings of this paper are as follows: (i) GDP positively impacts eco-innovation activities, and (ii) carbon emissions and FDI mediate the GDP-eco-innovation nexus. Therefore, GDP, FDI, and carbon emissions are significant drivers of eco-innovation. This research represents an essential step towards a better understanding of the need to support the transition to sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of environmental regulation needs to consider not only pollution control but also its impact on economic growth. Using the provincial panel data in China from 2000 to 2017, this paper constructs dynamic spatial panel models and employs system GMM approach to evaluate the nonlinear and spatial effects of environmental regulation on economic growth and CO 2 emissions, respectively. The results suggest that, first, environmental regulation presents a significant "N"-shaped effect on economic growth and an inverted "N" effect on CO 2 emissions at the national level and in the eastern and central regions; while the effects are both"N"-shaped in the western region. Second, environmental regulation presents significant spatial effects on economic growth and CO 2 emissions. The enhancement of regional environmental regulation helps the economic growth and CO 2 emissions reduction in neighboring provinces at the national level and in the eastern and central regions, however, the spatial effects are opposite in the western provinces, proving the co-exists of "race to the top" and "race to the bottom" strategies of environmental regulation competition among China's regions. Third, the effects of environmental regulation on economic growth and CO 2 emissions are affected by FDI, and the moderating effect of FDI is regional heterogenous. • Building a dynamic spatial panel model based on the spatial spillover theory. • Proving an "N"-type effect of environmental regulation on economic growth. • The effect of environmental regulation on CO 2 emissions is regionally different. • Environmental regulation affects the role of FDI on economy and CO 2 emissions. • The spatial spillover effects of environmental regulation are proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the causal relations between economic growth, electricity consumption, and urbanization indicators. Heterogeneous panel data techniques are performed to help shed light on the importance of the heterogeneity among three economic regions within China from 2000 to 2017. Our results show that the three indicators are all stationary and cointegrated after the first difference. Heterogeneity of the Granger causality is found between these three variables varies across the eastern, central, and western economic regions in China. In the long run, the eastern region presents a similar trend as the national level that long-run Granger causality of the three variables is found. Conversely, there is a unidirectional long-run causal relationship from economic growth to electricity consumption in the central region, while there is a bi-directional long-run causal relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption in the western region in China. Our empirical findings highlight the "urbanization ladder" effect which implies that as development, urbanization factor in the eastern region may play a promotion role in the tri-variate system when the urbanization reaches a higher level, while it may lack the influence in the central and western regions of China. From a regional perspective, it is further indicated that the improvement of urbanization can be practical measures in the central and western parts of China in the long run. • Economic growth, electricity consumption, and urbanization are cointegrated in eastern, central, and western China. • Granger causalities between the three variables vary across the three economic regions in China. • Urbanization does not have a causal effect on economic growth & electricity consumption in central-western China. • It is essential to accelerate the urbanization process in the central-western areas in China in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the impact of circular economy on economic growth. In the process of rapid economic growth, China has been facing with the pressure of insufficient supply of resources and environmental pollution, which makes the development model of circular economy (CE) an imperative transformation. China has carried out two batches of CE pilot cities to promote the construction of ecological economy and change the traditional economic development model, which is employed as a quasi-natural experiment in this study. The effect of this CE policy on the local economic growth is explored using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method and Difference-in-Differences (DID) model and a panel data of 163 Chinese cities from the year of 2001–2012 has been used. The results show that the growth rate of GDP of the pilot cities decreases significantly but the economic decline gradually recovers as time goes on. In addition, this study further conducts the regional heterogeneity analysis to compare the economic growth of CE pilot cities in three economic zones, i.e., eastern, central and western economic zones, and the sectoral heterogeneity analysis to compare the economic growth of three main industries, i.e., primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Finally, discussion of above results is presented and recommendations for the promotion of urban CE are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]