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Despite the growing prevalence of the China threat discourse, its extensive historical complexity is seldom fully explored in existing academic literature. The article unitizes the enormous data of Google Ngram Viewer to track the evolution of the China threat discourse among American elites over the last seven decades. This article argues that understanding the China threat discourse requires a dynamic perspective that considers historical context and demonstrates that American elites' perception of China has shifted from ideological and military hostility to concerns over China's rising economic power and challenges that China's political system might pose. The article suggests that the drivers underlying the China threat discourse are historically contingent and evolve alongside changes in China's national strength and the perception of China's politics, highlighting the significance of both material and ideational drivers in shaping the China threat discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the escalation of US-China trade disputes and the implications for Sino-US relations. Both structural realism and liberal institutionalism have failed to pay sufficient attention to the evolution of the US-China economic relationship, and this article strives to highlight this crucial issue. The article employs a historical perspective to examine the transformation of US-China economic relations in the twenty-first century. It argues that the US-China economic relationship is evolving from a symbiotic but asymmetric one between 2001 and 2008, toward an increasingly competitive one after the 2008 global financial crisis, especially in the Trump-Xi era. The changing dynamics of US-China economic relations, as well as the shifting perceptions of the top leadership of each country toward the other, create the impetus for the transformation of Sino-US relations. This article suggests that the recent trade tension is embedded in the growing strategic competition between the two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]