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Polarized-ion models—with and without dipole reaction fields and charge-quadrupole interaction—are evaluated in calculating atomization energies, bond angles, and bending force constants of groups 2 and 12 dihalides. A study of the sensitivity to changes in the input parameters reveals a strong dependence on dipole polarizabilities. The charge–quadrupole bending terms of a multipole expansion are important for quasi-linear molecules, where the preceding terms in the expansion tend to cancel each other. They normally stabilize the linear geometry, but enhance bent structures, if a certain criterion for the ratio of quadrupole polarizabilities of metal and halide ions is fulfilled. The models explain the bent alkaline earth halides, but fail spectacularly for the group 12 halides—HgBr[sub 2] and HgI[sub 2] are even calculated as unstable relative to the constituent atoms. The unexpected weakness of ionic bonds is related to the large increase of the ionization energies by relativistic effects and the lanthanide contraction. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A thermodynamic treatment of the polarizable metal/electrolyte interface is presented and generalizes the classical electro-capillary equation, which interrelates variations in interfacial tension, cell potential, and solution composition, to include temperature changes. The result can be used in investigations of the structure of electrified interfaces; for example, in the calculation of entropy changes which occur in the solvent layer adjacent to the metal surface (inner or Stern layer) and, in particular, in the study of phase transitions in insoluble organic monolayers adsorbed at an electrochemical interface. © 1995 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the validity of employing a potential dependent polarizability in a model to determine atom in molecule (AIM) polarizabilities. It is found that the assumption of an electric potential dependent polarizability leads to a contravention of the principle of conservation of energy. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]