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[60]Fullerene has zero solubility in water and very low solubility in many organic solvents. It was found that it forms reverse micelles in organic solvents in the presence of nonionic surfactants. Reverse micellization studies of fullerene solutions in the presence of a nonionic surfactant (Span60) were carried out, and the thermodynamic quantities of the reverse micellization process derived from experimental results indicate that the process is spontaneous. The solution behavior of the [60]fullerene was understood from its ability to form microemulsions from its toluene solution and water using different nonionic surfactants. Light scattering studies showed that the dimensions of these microemulsions reach a maximum of 170 nm. Phase behavior at different temperatures indicates the very high surface active nature of [60]fullerene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amberlite LA-2 (a secondary amine mixture) has been studied for its ability to extract acrylic acid at different amine concentrations. The extraction of acrylic acid by Amberlite LA-2 dissolved in seven single solvents (cyclohexane, 2-octanone, toluene, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), iso-octane, hexane, and 1-octanol) has been investigated with respect to different amine concentrations at 298.15 K. In the extraction, two acid−amine complexes, (HO):(R2N) and (HO):(R2N)2, have been assumed to exist in the organic phase in the case of proton-donating diluents, while the complexes (HO):(R2N) and (HO)2:(R2N)3have been suggested in the case of nonproton-donating diluents. Important data for the design and analysis of different separation processes have been obtained as a result of batch experiments. These important data are distribution coefficients (D), loading factors (Z), extraction efficiency (E), and overall extraction constants (K11, K12, K23). The maximum removal of acrylic acid is 98.22 % with MIBK at 0.93 mol·L−1initial concentration of Amberlite LA-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a laser monitoring technique, the solubility data of taurine in water and aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol were measured over the temperature range from (274.05 to 353.05) K. From the experimental data, the solubility data of taurine in the mixtures of water methanol, water ethanol, and water 2-propanol were found to increase with increasing temperature and decrease with increasing concentration of methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol in aqueous solution. Also, the water ethanol solution was a better solvent for the purification of taurine. The Apelblat equation, the simplified model of ideal solution, and the λhequation were used to correlate the solubility data; the results showed that the three models mentioned above agreed well with the experimental data, and the Apelblat equation was the most accurate of all of these for these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]