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Both silicone gel and quercetin are effective in scar treatment but have different action mechanisms. Quercetin is mainly applied in the gel form and can lead to poor adhesion of silicone gel sheet; therefore, they cannot be combined in clinical use. In this study, a silicone gel sheet that releases quercetin in a sustained manner for 48 hours was successfully developed. Four round scars (Ø: 1 cm) were made in the ears of New Zealand albino rabbits (n = 10). After scar healing, the rabbits were divided into four groups: blank control group with no treatment, silicone gel sheet group with dressing change every 2 days, quercetin group with dressing change three times daily, and combination treatment group with dressing change every 2 days. Scar assessment was performed 3 months later. Transepidermal water loss showed no difference between the combination treatment group and the silicone gel sheet group, but was lower than that in the quercetin group and the blank control group. Immunohistochemistry of CD 31 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen showed the following results: combination treatment group < silicone gel sheet group = quercetin group < blank control group. Polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression of type-I and type-III collagen in the combination treatment group and the quercetin group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups. Thus, quercetin-modified silicone gel sheet combines the advantages of the two treatments and is more effective at inhibiting cell proliferation in scar tissue than either of the two treatments alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate burn-related variations of inflammation and immunity. Fifty-five mice were divided randomly into sham burn and burn groups. Eighty-seven hospitalized burn patients were also reviewed. In mice, neutrophils and monocytes were elevated significantly on post burn day (PBD 1). Lymphocytes were reduced on PBDs 1 and 3. Levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were highest on PBD 1. Interleukin-1β levels were the highest on PBD 3. On PBD 3, CD4CD25T regulatory cells/CD4 cells in spleen were higher. On PBDs 1, 3, 7, and 14, percentage of splenic dendritic cells were significantly lower than the sham burn group. In patients, neutrophils and monocytes were significantly elevated on PBD 1. Levels declined but remained elevated at most days to PBD 7. Lymphocytes in burn groups 1 and 2 were reduced on PBDs 1 and 3, respectively. Our results exhibited that severe burn injury initiated a hyperinflammatory response and immunosuppression. PBDs 1 to 3 were important for changes in inflammation and immunosuppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate early hemodynamics of severely burned patients via PiCCO and to discuss clinical significance of hemodynamic monitoring for burn shock resuscitation, 55 extensive burn patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The fluid resuscitation was guided according to Chinese General Formula and adjusted with urinary output of 0.5-1.0 ml/h/kg as a resuscitation goal. All patients were diagnosed within a relatively stable condition during burn shock stage, and they received PiCCO monitoring within 6 hours after burn. The preload parameter intrathoracic blood volume index was low at first, then returned to normal. The flow parameter cardiac index and myocardial contractility parameter dPmax were gradually changed from low level in the early stage to high level in the fluid reabsorption stage. The afterload parameter systemic vascular resistance index had completely opposite tendency. The lung-related parameters extravascular lung water index and pulmonary vascular permeability index were roughly in the normal range. The change of cardiac index had a linear regression relationship with dPmax and systemic vascular resistance index but had no significant relationship with intrathoracic blood volume index. Under effective fluid resuscitation, the early hemodynamics after burn is still in dynamically changing status, characterized as transition from low cardiac output (CO)-high vascular resistance in early shock stage to high CO-low vascular resistance in fluid reabsorption stage. CO mainly depends on the myocardial contractility and vascular resistance, but not on the blood volume. Excessive fluid resuscitation cannot get normal CO. The normal value of hemodynamics cannot be used as end point of burn shock resuscitation. Dynamic observation of hemodynamics is of great importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]