1. GPR37 protein trafficking to the plasma membrane regulated by prosaposin and GM1 gangliosides promotes cell viability.
- Author
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Lundius EG, Vukojevic V, Hertz E, Stroth N, Cederlund A, Hiraiwa M, Terenius L, and Svenningsson P
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Membrane drug effects, Cell Polarity drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Endocytosis drug effects, Extracellular Space metabolism, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching, Green Fluorescent Proteins metabolism, Lysosomes drug effects, Lysosomes metabolism, Membrane Microdomains metabolism, Mice, Mitochondria drug effects, Mitochondria metabolism, Nerve Growth Factors metabolism, Peptides metabolism, Protein Binding drug effects, Protein Transport drug effects, Time Factors, beta-Cyclodextrins pharmacology, Cell Membrane metabolism, G(M1) Ganglioside metabolism, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled metabolism, Saposins metabolism
- Abstract
The subcellular distribution of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR37 affects cell viability and is implicated in the pathogenesis of parkinsonism. Intracellular accumulation and aggregation of GPR37 cause cell death, whereas GPR37 located in the plasma membrane provides cell protection. We define here a pathway through which the recently identified natural ligand, prosaposin, promotes plasma membrane association of GPR37. Immunoabsorption of extracellular prosaposin reduced GPR37(tGFP) surface density and decreased cell viability in catecholaminergic N2a cells. We found that GPR37(tGFP) partitioned in GM1 ganglioside-containing lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of live cells. This partitioning required extracellular prosaposin and was disrupted by lipid raft perturbation using methyl-β-cyclodextrin or cholesterol oxidase. Moreover, complex formation between GPR37(tGFP) and the GM1 marker cholera toxin was observed in the plasma membrane. These data show functional association between GPR37, prosaposin, and GM1 in the plasma membrane. These results thus tie together the three previously defined components of the cellular response to insult. Our findings identify a mechanism through which the receptor's natural ligand and GM1 may protect against toxic intracellular GPR37 aggregates observed in parkinsonism.
- Published
- 2014
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