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Malignancies are a difficult to treat disease in clinical practice. At present, there are many cases of differentiation and treatment based on qi and yin deficiency, the coagulation of phlegm, blood stasis and cancer toxin, there are few theories on the treatment of yang deficiency and yin excessiveness, as well as the coagulation of cold and dampness. On the basis of inheriting the cancer toxin theory of Chinese medicine master ZHOU Zhongying, combined with the theory of promoting yang and our own practice, we believe that malignancy is caused by yang deficiency as the foundation, cold dampness, phlegm-turbidity stagnation and toxin transformation as the manifestation, and the key pathogenesis can be summarized as yang deficiency and yin binding. Based on this, it is proposed to differentiate and treat malignancies from promoting yang and eliminating yin. The method of promoting yang and eliminating yin is people-oriented, with harmony as the value, based on the whole, with a focus on adjusting harmony, constantly promoting yang and timely eliminating yin. The specific differentiation and treatment strategies are as follows: in the early stages of malignancy, it is important to seize the opportunity to warm and dredge, or eliminate yin; malignancy is already present, balancing deficiency and excess, supplementing, eliminating, and harmonizing appropriately; after malignancy surgery, it is important to strengthen the foundation and regulate the spleen and kidney, and strengthen both congenital and acquired constitution; treating the zang-fu organs accordingly, elevating and lowering, and conforming to the physiology of the organs. Unlike simple malignancy treatment and detoxification, promoting yang and eliminating yin is a method of examining symptoms and identifying etiology and pathogenesis. It involves macroscopic regulation of yin and yang, dynamic management of medication, and orderly treatment, which can significantly improve the quality of life of patients and increase long-term survival rates. Exploring the theory and strategy of promoting yang and eliminating yin in the differentiation and treatment of malignancy can provide new ideas and references for the clinical differentiation and treatment of malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment of nourishing the kidney in menstrual cycle in Shanghai Cai’s gynecology school is an important theoretical method used to regulate menstruation and promote pregnancy. CAI Xiaosun, the seventh-generation heirs of Cai’ s gynecology school and national old Chinese medicine experts academic experience inherit work guiding teacher, believes that the basic pathogenesis of infertility is deficiency of kidney qi and disharmony between the Chong and Ren, combined with the characteristics of women’s menstrual cycle, the annual rhythm, and the principle of nourishing the kidney and regulating menstruation. In the treatment of infertility, we have formed the therapy of nourishing kidney in menstrual cycle, which is characterized by warming the liver and kidney, promoting conception and regulating menstruation, and cultivating vitality. The connotations of nourishing kidney are rooted in the theory of the kidney governing reproduction in Chinese medicine, derived from the theory of the generation and restriction among the five elements, and based on the method of promoting conception and regulating menstruation practiced by several generations of Cai’s gynecologists. The Yushen Tongluo Formula and Yushen Peiyuan Formula created by practitioners of Cai’s gynecology are formulas that seek yin within yang, and seek yang within yin, and they can also be innovatively combined with traditional Chinese medicine external treatment. Combining multiple method for treating infertility yield good clinical effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shaoyang dominating bone theory is derived from Huangdi Neijing, but its connotation has been understood differently by successive generations of physicians. Shaoyang dominating bone theory adheres to the holistic concept of Chinese medicine, based on the core theories of yin and yang, qi and blood, and zangxiang and meridians, and is not confined to a single aspect, which is of great value in explaining the etiological factors and pathogenesis of diseases and guiding the diagnosis and treatment of tendon and bone diseases. In this paper, we briefly explain Shaoyang dominating bone theory; we understand the connotation of Shaoyang dominating bone theory from the perspective of meridians, qi and blood, ministerial fire, and syndrome differentiation of six meridians theory. We find that the liver-bone axis in western medicine is not only inspired by Shaoyang dominating bone theory, but also conforms to the objective judgment of the biological relationship between the liver and bone. Therefore, the liver-bone axis may provide a western medical basis for Shaoyang dominating bone theory. The proposed liver-bone axis can enrich and improve the theory of Shaoyang dominating bone and contribute to the research and clinical treatment of orthopedic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important concept in traditional Chinese medicine, the concept of the vital gate has led to many misunderstandings and disputes in later generations because of its multiple connotations. In this article, the concept of the vital gate is considered from the perspective of yin and yang and based on the Taoist idea of “bearing with yin and taking in yang”. It is clearly put forward that the “right kidney vital gate” theory in the Nan Jing is the inheritance of the core of the “eye is the vital gate” theory in the Huangdi Neijing. Although the right kidney and the eye part have different functions, they both have the characteristics of “bearing with yin and taking in yang” and are related to the essence of life; that is, based on yin essence and yang qi, the two blend and merge, so as to evolve a complete life activity. Yin and yang are combined, their roots promote each other, and the vitality is inexhaustible, so the place of “bearing with yin and taking in yang” is the door of life generation and the secret of life manifestation; hence, it is called the vital gate. The true meaning of the term vital gate fully reflects the important role played by yin and yang in the construction and formation of relevant theories of traditional Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the connotation of the discipline and thinking of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), this paper systematically expounds the formulation of the core concept of Huangdi Neijing(Huangdi′s Internal Classic, hereinafter referred to as Neijing), its connotation and its influences on the development of TCM theory. It is concluded that under the influence of the need to define the connotation of TCM discipline and the trend to explain the discipline from the perspective of TCM thinking, the connotation of TCM thinking is gradually made clear, and summarized as the core concept of Neijing. Such a concept serves as the core to understand and explain the phenomenon of life from the point of view of function, movement and change and holism on the basis of the theories of image, yin and yang, five elements and essence and qi combined with the object of medical researches; and the thought of harmony and balance is frequently emphasized in the concept. It is the most pivotal and representative part of the TCM thinking mode, and the key to understanding the theory, knowledge, culture and wisdom of TCM. Besides, it also ensures the curative effects and guarantees that the TCM theory can be inherited and innovated continuously, where the connotation remains unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhu Danxi, a Yuan Dynasty physician, founded the school of nourishing yin by combining the strengths of various schools and his own clinical experience. Zhu Danxi advocated the therapeutic role of nourishing yin and making the fire descend in his clinical practice, which had a profound influence on later generations. This article discusses the core elements of Danxi's academic theory, the "theory of yang being sufficient but yin being deficient" and the "theory of ministerial fire", in the etiology and pathogenesis of women's syndromes occurring around menopause and their application in clinical treatment. The occurrence of syndromes around menopause is based on the deficiency of essence and blood in the woman's body, and the external manifestations of the disease are delusional movement of ministerial fire, which does not keep its position, and loss of the monarch's wisdom, which result in disorder of the monarch and minister. In terms of disease treatment, the principle is to replenish essence and blood, nourish yin, and make the fire descend, so that the discrete ministerial fire can return to its place, and patients can be treated with the Dabuyin pill, the dosage of which can be adjusted according to the degree of delusional movement of the ministerial fire in the internal organs. Moreover, the heart and kidney communicate, so that the water and fire, and the yin and yang of the whole body are in harmony; then, the monarch is holy, the ministers are virtuous, and the internal organs are in coordination. From the perspective of health and longevity, Danxi emphasizes the cultivation of the mind and restraint of delusional thoughts, so that the ministerial fire does not move; the diet should also be light, including much grain, beans, vegetables, and fruits, which are less thick and nourishing, for women with syndromes occurring around menopause. Danxi's theory has significance in the clinical treatment and healthcare for women with syndromes occurring around menopause and can serve as a reference for later generations of physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combination of sourness, bitterness, sweetness, pungency, and saltness results in different effects. Through the analysis of the theory of combining five flavours in Fu Qingzhu′s Obstetrics and Gynecology, this article explores its application in formulation ideas and the characteristics of Chinese medication, summarized as " primarily sweet, with all four flavors harmonized". FU Qingzhu emphasizes the central role of sweet-flavour medicine in facilitating conception, while incorporating the other four flavours in synergy. For instance, sweet and pungent flavours can boost yang energy, eliminating chilliness and warming the uterus; sour and sweet flavours can nourish yin essence and protect the uterus; bitter and sweet flavours can tonify yin, supporting the kidneys and moistening the uterus; and pungent and salty flavours can eliminate stasis, regenerate blood, and enhance uterine functions. By flexibly utilizing the flavours and meridian affinity of traditional Chinese medicine, along with the theory of combining five flavours, it is possible to enhance drug compatibility, deepen the theoretical connotation of Chinese formulas, and regulate the uterus from both yin and yang aspects to facilitate conception. FU Qingzhu′s integration of multiple Chinese formulas into a single formula allows for comprehensive treatment. Clear differentiation of dosages within the formula highlights the primary and secondary relationships of traditional Chinese medicines. Additionally, the utilization of pharmaceutical processing techniques optimizes efficacy and regulates meridians and collaterals. This article explores FU Qingzhu′s application of the " pure and harmonious traditional Chinese medicines" theory. His prescription thinking enables the attainment of multi-level therapeutic effects, which greatly benefits the optimization of traditional Chinese medicine fertility assistance programs and increases pregnancy rates among infertility patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many controversies regarding Jue Yin disease in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases. The author found that it is reasonable to understand Jue Yin disease from two perspectives; a deficiency of bodily fluids, and the advance and retreat of Yin and Yang based on an understanding of Huangdi Neijing and modern scholars on Jue Yin disease, the meaning of the internal meridian, and the research result of modern medicine on Jue Yin disease. If Jue Yin disease is regarded as the state of Yin and Yang advancing and retreating based on deficiencies of bodily fluids, then article 326 and the Wumei pill can be regarded as the outline syndrome and main prescription of Jue Yin disease, respectively. The progression and withdrawal of Yin and Yang and the associated fluctuation of bodily fluids make Jue Yin disease dy-namic and multiphasic. The essence of Jue Yin disease is determined by the characteristics of bodily fluids and the Yang Qi. Instead of focusing on the disease location or the combination of cold and heat, whether the Yang Qi advances or retreats and the coordination of the bodily fluid state should be focused on as the internal cause of the transfer of Jue Yin disease to Yin and Yang, or the occurrence of heat, cold and the sell-healing syndrome. Although Yin and Yang are all-inclusive, the state of bodily fluids has many meanings; there is a significant deficiency of bodily fluids in Jue Yin disease. As such, by emphasizing the state of bodily fluids and the characteristics of Yin and Yang, Jue Yin disease can be better explained and gains a certain clinical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circadian rhythm is a common physiological phenomenon in nature with a cycle of nearly 24 hours. It is based on the rhythmic expression of core clock genes such as CLOCK-BMAL1 - PER and CRY. A large number of studies have shown that circadian clock genes are closely related to sleep. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), as the central clock, activates the rhythm and forms a series of transcriptional translation feedback loops (TTFL) expressing clock genes to regulate the body s circadian oscillation, and the body can maintain normal life activities under the co-regulation of sleep homeostasis system and circadian clock system. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), however, believes that the circadian rhythm of the human body is mainly related to the ebb and flow of Yin and Yang and the movement of Ying (Nutrient) and Wei (Defense). Interlinked Yin-Yang and its endlessly circulation are the cardinal mechanism of sleep. Through analyzing the mechanism of circadian clock genes regulating circadian rhythm and the relationship of the sleep theory of Yin-Yang, Ying-Wei and circadian rhythms, we can find the interoperability between Yin-Yang changes. Ying-Wei circadian regulation and the feedback loop mechanism of clock genes. Further exploration can provide a new target for TCM treatment of sleep disorders based on biological clock as the underlying mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The yin and yang theory of traditional Chinese medicine is the philosophical thought of dialectical materialism in ancient China. The yin and Yang theory in traditional Chinese medicine explores the physiological functions and pathological changes in association with structural changes of molecules, cells and tissue organs in human body based on the ancient Chinese understanding of the natural movement among sun, moon and earth of the universe. Philosophical and scientific thinking of the yin and yang theory is thus proposed in this article based on the comparative analyses of historical development of culture, civilization and medicine between the Chinese and Western medicine. Such a new thinking may serve as a foundation for the integration of traditional Chinese medicine with modern medicine, and might provide the first key to unlocking the treasure house of ancient Chinese civilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circadian rhythm, also known as biological rhythm or biological clock, is the circadian activity of life with a cycle of about 24 hours. Western medicine uses genes and proteins to explain the molecular mechanism of biorhythm, while traditional Chinese medicine, since ancient times, has been elaborating the sleep-wake mechanism with theories such as yin-yang conversion and defense qi entering yin and exiting yang. Through restoring and reconstructing Taiji diagram, extreme yin turning into yang, extreme yang turning into yin, defense qi circadian regulation, to explain the new yin-yang mechanisms of the circadian rhythm, we can find the waning and waxing of yin-yang and genes oscillation, the unity of opposites and negative feedback regulation, defense qi movement and the biological clock positioning are interoperable. Circadian rhythm is of great significance to the in-depth understanding of the principle of life and the solution of health problems, with unknown mysteries and broad prospects. Learning and researching the wisdom of Chinese medicine for thousands of years can provide guidance and inspiration for the present generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the difficulties and blind spots of western medicine, how to make scientific decisions to standardize the treatment of breast cancer in traditional Chinese medicine and improve the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of breast cancer is an important focus of innovative breakthroughs in breast cancer treatment. Based on the clinical experience of Professor LIN Yi, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, and on the basis of "disease identification and syndrome differentiation", this paper summarizes and refines the status of qi and blood imbalance, accumulation of phlegm and blood stasis, viscera deficiency, and cold heat cementation in breast cancer, and further proposes the "six views" of breast cancer balanced treatment: the pathogenesis view focuses on " evil invasion due to vital qi deficiency, and the proliferation of tumors", and the pathogenesis view focuses on "cancer toxin and imbalance of yin and yang", the diagnostic view focuses on "examining the underlying factors and understanding the causes and effects", the differentiation view focuses on "balancing qi, blood, yin, and yang to achieve harmony", the therapeutic view focuses on "supporting vital qi and eliminating evil, and considering the root cause and syndromes", and the rehabilitation view focuses on "adjusting balance to maintain a stable state". We are committed to holistic syndrome differentiation and treatment, balancing yin, yang, qi, and blood, thereby harmonizing the internal environment of the human body, and mobilizing the immune and rehabilitation functions of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]