1. The Etiological and Predictive Association Between ADHD and Cognitive Performance From Childhood to Young Adulthood
- Author
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Isabella Vainieri, Giorgia Michelini, Celeste H. M. Cheung, Olakunle A. Oginni, Philip Asherson, Frühling Rijsdijk, and Jonna Kuntsi
- Subjects
Clinical Psychology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,ADHD ,cognitive impairments ,etiological factors - Abstract
Objective: Evidence about the etiology of the predictive associations between a diagnosis of ADHD and cognitive performance over time is scarce. Here, we examine these predictive and etiological patterns using a cross-lagged model design in a sample of 404 participants (74% males) from ADHD and control sibling pairs aged 6 to 17 years at baseline and 12 to 24 years at follow-up. Methods: Data included IQ, short-term and working memory measures, and response speed and variability from a four-choice reaction-time task. Results: ADHD and IQ predicted each other over time. ADHD at baseline predicted lower working memory performance at follow-up. Stable etiological influences emerged in the association between ADHD and cognitive variables across time. Conclusion: Whether early interventions can reduce negative interference with learning at school requires further study.
- Published
- 2023
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