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This scientific paper explores several aspects related to damage catalogue software while also highlighting the importance of including accurate architecture when analyzing structural damage. With modern architecture continuously evolving in complexity, employing specialized tools that can efficiently evaluate damages has become increasingly necessary. We investigate various available solutions while stressing the need for incorporating precise references from building designs within these systems as a means to ensure credible documentation. Our research findings demonstrate that integrating these references within such software aids data interpretation while creating bridges between experts working on diverse areas related to structural analysis/design.

Afet risk azaltma planları afetlere neden olabilecek faktörlerin sistematik olarak analiz edilerek yönetilmesi ve bu faktörlerin azaltılması amacıyla hazırlanmaktadır. Farklı ölçeklerde muhtemel senaryolar içeren bu planlarda tarihi alanların korunması kapsamında risk unsurları ve çözüm önerileri bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’den birden fazla aktif fay hattının geçmesi sebebiyle yeni ve eski tüm yapı stoğunun deprem ihtimaline karşı afet risk azaltma planı ile hazırlıklı olması gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda tarihi alanların kimliklerine uygun özelleşmiş planlamalar yapılmalıdır. 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri’nin ardından Antakya’daki Kurtuluş Caddesi üzerindeki kültürel miras hasarları ve yıkımı deprem öncelikli planlamanın önemini göstermektedir. Kurtuluş Caddesi özelinde kültürel miras yapıları incelenerek yapıların hasar görebilirlik riskini artıran kentsel ve mimari nitelikler araştırılmıştır. Literatür taramasının yanında güncel haberler ve idari raporlar taranarak elde edilen veriler harita ve tablolar kullanılarak aktarılmıştır. Kültürel mirası depremin yıkıcı etkilerinden korumak amacıyla kentsel ölçekte öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

The facility management approach in hotels differs between organizations. Different issues need to be taken into account in the design, construction, operation and renovation of tourism accommodation facilities. As a result of the earthquake disaster that took place on February 6, 2023, it was seen how unprepared we were in terms of safe buildings. The loss of life at GIO in Adıyaman, which initially creates the perception that it is new to its customers, prioritizes drawing attention to this issue in terms of hotels. The aim of the study is to make suggestions to the project management process of medium-sized hotels that need renovation and are mostly operated by the owners, and to raise awareness in determining their priorities. The method of the study is case study. Within this study, the significance of renovation as a hotel facility management tool will be discussed through literature research, and the improper practices at GIO will be examined by conducting a case study. Information was obtained through the hotel's web page, by scanning the news published on the internet and by examining the report prepared by the academicians who were assigned as experts in the case process. The fact that the building's license projects could not be accessed and the business owner could not be contacted limited the case study. It has been suggested that facility management expertise should be used in the renovation management of medium-sized hotels, which are mostly managed by the owners.

The February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes exposed the vulnerabilities of existing RC structures, causing thousands of buildings to collapse or sustain severe damage, especially in the hardest-hit provinces. Cross-laminated timber (CLT), one of the industrial wood materials, is used as an alternative to RC in buildings in earthquake zones around the world due to its lightness and many positive features. The aim of the study is to examine the dynamic behavior of multi-storey residential buildings built with the CLT shear wall system, with limited application in Turkey, under earthquake loads and to draw attention to the material selection and sizing to be used in the structural elements of earthquake-resistant buildings. Using TimberTech (2022) software, a five-story building with CLT walls was analyzed under linear dynamic conditions. The study shows while the model provides all the verifications in the solution according to Eurocode for soil type C, it is inadequate under the seismic data of the Kahramanmaraş earthquake.

Çalışmada, depremin yüksek yapılar üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmış, bu etkilerin yüksek bina tarafından sönümlenmesini destekleyen tasarım ilkeleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Yüksek binalarda deprem dayanımını belirleyen ilkeler temel, strüktürel, mimari parametreler ve sismik yalıtım parametreleri olarak sınıflandırılmış, detaylı araştırmaları yapılmıştır. Alan çalışmasında, aktif fay hatları üzerinde bulunan İstanbul’daki yüksek binalarda incelemeler yapılmıştır. Ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile İstanbul kentindeki on beş yüksek bina belirlenmiştir. İstanbul’daki yüksek bina örnekleri üzerinden iz sürme ve gözlem yöntemiyle binaların nitel özelliği olarak depreme dayanıklılık esasları ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada nitel veriler sonrası yüzdelik derecelendirmelere aktarılarak nicel veriler elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, yüksek binaların deprem yükleri altında yeterli dayanım göstermesinde etkili olan parametrelerin uygulanmasına yönelik değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Teknolojik gelişmeler ve yüksek dayanımlı beton kullanımı gibi deprem dayanımını güçlendiren etmenlerin ve etkili strüktürel ve mimari sistem tasarımlarının, incelenen İstanbul yüksek binalarında kullanıldığı ve uygulandığı tespit edilmiştir. Performansa dayalı sismik tasarım yöntemlerinin teknoloji ile geliştirilmesinin ve deprem mimarlığı alanının yaygınlaştırılmasının önemi açıklanmıştır

Depremler fiziksel çevreyi etkileyen fazla miktarda atık üretir. Depremler sonucunda oluşan afet atıklarının; denetimsizce doğaya bırakılması çevresel problemlere, etkin geri dönüşüm tesislerinin ve mevzuatlarının oluşturulmaması ekonomik kayıpların artmasına, yol açmaktadır. Deprem sonrası oluşan atıklarının toplanması, ayrıştırılması, tesislere götürülmesi, geri dönüşüm teknikleri ve oluşan malzemenin potansiyeli gibi konular, bütün olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu konuların başarıyla yönetilebilmesi için idarecilerin deprem sonrası atık yönetimini iyi planlaması gerekmektedir. 6-7 Şubat 2023 tarihinde, 7.7 ve 7.5 şiddetindeki ve sonrasındaki artçı depremler, Türkiye’de 11 ilde yıkımlara sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, 6 -7 Şubat 2023 depremleri sonucunda oluşan atıkların yönetimi için; farklı vaka çalışması örneklerini değerlendirerek, öneriler sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Deprem atıklarının geri dönüşümüne bir örnek olarak; beton malzemesinin, geri kazanım yöntemleri ve kullanım potansiyeli ile mimarlık disiplinince yapı sektörüne kazandırılması incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, afet atık yönetiminde mevzuatların düzenlenmesi ile beraber mimarların, yapıları ekolojik bir çözüm olarak geri dönüştürülmüş malzemeler ile birlikte düşünüp tasarlamasının, sürdürülebilir atık yönetimindeki gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır.

Deprem kuşağında yer alan ve büyük deprem tehditleri ile karşı karşıya olan Türkiye, 6 Şubat depremleri dolayısıyla ciddi kayıplar vermiştir. Deprem yönetmeliklerine uygun olmayan birçok mevcut-yeni yapıya sahip yerleşim yerleri bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, olası bir depremde can ve mal kayıplarına engel olmak için, yapı stokundaki binaların deprem dayanımlarının güvenli ve hızlı şekilde araştırılması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yapı stokunun olası bir deprem etkisiyle oluşturacakları risk düzeyinin gerçekçi şekilde belirlenebilmesi için detaylı yapısal araştırmaların yapılması gereklidir. Hızlı ve güvenilir olması sebebiyle sık kullanılan değerlendirme metotlarından biri olan “FEMA P-154” hızlı değerlendirme yönteminin Python tabanlı bir uygulama ile uygulanarak sonuçların veri seti haline getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Uygulama ile FEMA P-154 formunun uygulanmasında süre, maliyet, iş gücü ve depolamada avantaj elde edilebilmektedir. Bu yöntem sayesinde hızlı bir şekilde hazırlanabilen veri setleri daha sonra yapay zekâ projelerinde kullanılmak üzere saklanabilir ve deprem dayanımı uygun olmayan binaların öncelik sırasına göre dönüşümünün yapılması için referans oluşturabilir.

Çalışma, mimarların deprem sonrası hasar tespitindeki kritik rolüne odaklanmaktadır. Hasar tespit çalışmaları sırasında mimarlar, inşaat mühendisleriyle iş birliği içinde deprem sonrası yapı hasarlarını analiz ederek, duvarlardaki çatlaklar ve taşıyıcı elemanların durumunu detaylı bir şekilde inceleyerek, yapının hasar derecelerini belirlemektedirler. Bu çalışma, mimarların, yapıların deprem sonrası durumunu değerlendirme sürecinde önemli bir rol üstlenebileceğini ve deprem risklerine karşı alınacak önlemlerde multidisipliner çalışmaların önemini, Malatya İli Çayırköy Mahallesi’ndeki Donatısız Yığma Yapılar hasar tespit çalışmaları özelinde, vurgulamaktadır. Sahadan örneklerle birlikte donatısız yığma yapı stoğunun deprem sonrası durumunun gösterildiği bu çalışmada, mevcut kırsal konut stoğunun deprem yüküne dayanıksız olduğu bir kez daha ortaya konmuştur. Afet sonrasında ve hatta afet öncesinde yapılı çevrenin oluşumunda ve korunmasında mimar – mühendis işbirliğinin önemini gösteren bu incelemenin, ileride yapılacak farklı araştırmalar içinde önemli bir bilgi kaynağı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

This study focuses on the potential of accessible open and green areas (OGAs) to serve as gathering spaces and temporary shelters during emergency response to disasters such as flood, earthquake, storm, terrorism, battle, etc. Specifically, the city of Lefkoşa in Northern Cyprus (TRNC) is studied in this context. A systematically constructed approach is employed, starting with the identification of the Dense Urban Core (DUC) within an 800 m access zone of OGAs and with a population density of more than 260 ha based on the Lefkoşa Urban Development Plan (LUDP). The study then determines the OGA requirements for gathering and temporary shelters during and after disasters, based on the floor area ratio, maximum building footprint ratio and projected population density given by LUDP. As a result of the study, the OGA requirements within the scope of the DUC were calculated to be minimum of 92 ha for gathering places, and minimum of 687 ha for temporary shelters. In this context, the city's disaster resilience index of the city is determined respectively to be 0.46 and 0.10. It is expected that this study will contribute to the integration of urban OGA development plans with disaster management efforts.

Türkiye is a country on the Alpine-Himalayan earthquake zone and needs an effective disaster management plan, with its geography experiencing severe seismic activities. In this respect, natural disaster risks can be reduced by using developing artificial intelligence technology and deep learning applications in the mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery phases that constitute the disaster management plan. This study examines deep learning models, application areas, deep learning layers and libraries used, and how deep learning can be used in the four stages of disaster management through study examples in the literature. The study aims to examine the use of deep learning in architecture and disaster management phases based on the earthquake factor as a result of the literature review. As a result, when studies on deep learning are examined, disaster management studies closely related to the discipline of architecture are mainly in the response phase. However, the discipline of architecture plays an important role at every stage of disaster management. In this respect, as holistic studies and applications related to deep learning, architectural science, and effective disaster management increase, the loss of life and property due to disasters, especially earthquakes, will decrease. The study carried out is thought to be an important guide for future research.

Bu çalışmada Eski Antakya mahallelerinden biri olarak tanımlanan Zenginler Mahallesindeki sekiz cadde/sokağın genel yerleşim yapısı incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda Kent Kimlik Kabul Kriterleri oluşturulmuş ve cadde/sokaklara ait planlara Kevin Lynch (1960)’ın kent imgeleri işlenmiş ve sokak/caddelerin puanlamaları dikkate alınarak, SWOT analizi ile güçlü ve zayıf yönleri, tehditleri ve fırsatları ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada Algısal Durum, Olumlu/Olumsuz Etki Veren Ögeler ve Duyumsal Değerlendirme Kriterleri açısından en yüksek değere Kahraman Sokağın, en düşük değere ise Saydam Caddesinin sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle Kahraman Sokak, Kırk Asırlık Türk Yurdu Caddesi, Günlü Sokak ve Prof. Dr. Ataman Demir Sokaklarının kentin kimliğine en çok katkı sağlayan sokaklar olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Ancak, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş merkezli depreminde Unesco Gastronomi Evi, Expo Evi, Sermaye Camii, Katolik Kilisesi gibi kentsel imaj ögelerinin büyük çoğunluğu yıkılmıştır. Bununla birlikte mahallenin sınırlarını oluşturan ögelerin, yıkılan yapılarla kaybolan yolların ve kenar görevi gören imgelerin yok oluşuyla tarihi dokunun da kaybolduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Ülkemizde 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş merkezli 7.7 ve 7.6 şiddetinde iki büyük deprem meydana gelmiştir. Yaşanan büyük afette 11 ilde 50 binden fazla insan bina enkazlarının altında can vermiştir. Yapılara iskân veren ve denetleyen kurum olan belediyelerde çalışan birçok meslek disiplininden kişiler güvenilir yapı ve yapılaşmadan sorumludurlar. Bu çalışma kapsamında belediyelerde mimarın görevleri araştırılarak iskân ve yapı ruhsat sürecindeki rolleri ve sorumlulukları yapılan literatür taraması sonucu ortaya konulmuştur. İkinci aşamada ise mimarların uyması gereken etik ve davranış kuralları UIA (Uluslararası Mimarlar Birliği) ve TMMOB (Türkiye Mühendis ve Mimar Odaları Birliği) Mimarlar Odasının etik kodları kapsamında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yapı üretim süreçlerinde görev olan mimarlar ve bütün disiplinler etik değer ve sorumlulukları doğrultusunda depreme dayanıklı Türkiye ilkesini mutlaka benimsemelidirler.

Türkiye, yeryüzünde bulunan en aktif fay hattı zonlarına sahip ülkeler arasında yer almaktadır. Ülkede en fazla can ve mal kaybına sebep olan afet türü de depremler olarak bilinmektedir. Deprem afeti öncesi ve sonrası için bir afet planın hazır olması oldukça önemlidir. Deprem sonrasında temel ihtiyaçlardan biri olan barınma sorunun hızlı ve güvenli bir şekilde çözülmesi gerekmektedir. Birimlerin yerleştirileceği bölgedeki çevre verilerinin dikkate alarak konumlandırılması, yerleşim alanının konforlu ve sağlıklı olmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, Türkiye’de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen depremler sonrasında kurulan geçici barınma birimlerine ait yerleşim düzeninin güvenli ve ulaşılabilir olup olmadığı üzerine bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışma büyük kayıplara uğrayan Hatay ilinde en fazla yıkıma uğramış olan Antakya merkez bölgesi üzerinden ilerletilmiş olup 4 adet çadır ve konteyner kent bölgesi ulaşım, sirkülasyon, yön ve gürültü faktörleri kapsamında analiz edilmiştir. Literatür araştırmaları ile ilerletilen bu çalışma, bölgelere ait çevresel verilerin ve alanların artı ve eksi yönleri belirlenerek eleştirel bir incelemeyle sonlandırılmıştır.

Deprem/Afet ile ilgili çalışmalar günümüzde birçok alanda tartışılmaktadır. Maalesef ki hayatımızın kaçınılmaz gerçeklerinden birisi olduğu için tartışmalar daima güncel kalacaktır. Deprem gerçeğinde mimar ve mühendislerin sorumlulukları daha fazladır. Mesleğin temelleri mimarlık eğitiminde atıldığı için bu konuda ilk adım afet bilincine sahip mimarların yetiştirilmesidir. Bu çalışma, Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Mimarlık Bölümü Atölye 4 öğrencilerinin tasarımlarını kapsamaktadır. Mimarlık eğitiminde deprem, en hassas konu olan çocuklar genelinde ele alınmış; “Deprem/Afet Sonrası Çocuk Özel Eğitim Yerleşkesi” teması ile öğrencilerin yapmış olduğu tasarımlar, betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, elde edilen veriler üzerinden bir bilince ulaşılmasını sağlamak ve deprem-mimarlık-çocuk konusundaki çalışmalarda, tasarım süreci-ihtiyaç çerçevesi oluşturmak hedeflenmektedir. Analizler sonucunda, çocukların aidiyet hissi, güvenliği ve temel gereksinimlerinin karşılanması adına, deprem sonrası çocuk özel eğitim yerleşkelerinin ve yerleşke tasarımında sürdürülebilir ve çocuk dostu tasarım prensiplerinin benimsenmesinin önemi açıkça görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın, deprem sonrası çocukların fiziksel ve ruhsal ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması konusunda farkındalık sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Türkiye’de Kahramanmaraş ili Pazarcık ve Elbistan ilçelerinde meydana gelen ve 11 ilde yıkıma neden olan deprem; yıkılan bina sayısı, etkilenen alanın büyüklüğü, ölen ve yaralanan insan sayısı sebebiyle son yüzyılda görülen en yıkıcı depremlerden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yapısal hasar boyutunun çok büyük olması ve farklı şekillerde yıkımların meydana gelmesi, yıkılan betonarme binaların neden ve nasıl yıkıldığı sorularını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu soruların cevapları aranırken yıkım çeşitlerinde mimarlık etiği rolünün ne derece büyük olduğu da irdelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda bu makalede, Kahramanmaraş depremleri bağlamında yapı hasar türleri ve yapı yıkım çeşitleri analiz edilmiştir. Yapının yıkılma türüne bağlı olarak arkasındaki nedenler açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çeşitli kurum ve kuruluşlar tarafından hazırlanan ve yayınlanan ön inceleme raporları, deprem raporları, literatür ve haber kaynakları taramasının ürünü olarak bu çalışma hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi ile örnekler üzerinden yıkım çeşitleri ele alınmıştır.

06.02.2023 tarihinde, Kahramanmaraş merkezli Mw 7.7 ve Mw 7.6 büyüklüğünde meydana gelen depremlerin etkisiyle onbir ilde binlerce bina yıkılmış ve ağır hasarlar meydana gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Antakya Lisesi’nde depremlerin etkisine bağlı oluşan strüktürel hasarlar ve nedenleri değerlendirilmiştir. Mimari ve yapısal özelliklerin tanımlanması, hasar türleri ve görülme sıklığının belirlenmesi, hasar nedenlerinni değerlendirilmesi ve hasar nedenlerinin hasar türlerine göre etkinlik derecesinin ortaya koyulması çalışma sürecinin temel adımlarını oluşturmaktadır. Değerlendirme yöntemi olarak literatür, deprem yönetmeliği ve karşılaştırmalı analiz verileri dikkate alınmıştır. Cephe düzeninde yüksek saydamlık oranına rağmen betonarme düşey hatıl sayesinde yapının toptan göçmediği görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte benzer mimari ve yapısal özelliklere sahip birimin toptan göçme nedeni taşıyıcı duvar örgü sistemindeki düzensizlik ve zayıf harç olabilir.

Earthquakes are among the natural disasters that leave behind severe psychological, sociological, and economic damage. The significant earthquakes that struck our nation on February 6, 2023, with their epicenter at Kahramanmaraş, resulted in numerous fatalities and destruction of property. All kinds of entrepreneurs are essential to the post-disaster recovery process because they offer creative fixes and advancements. Within the framework of the Interior Architecture Project-IV course, an online workshop on "Temporary Foldable Children's Socialization Spaces After the Earthquake" was conducted with students from Selçuk University Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Interior Architecture. A three-stage systematic approach for design-oriented learning is employed, comprising stages for implementation, creative decision-making, and analytical comprehension. The outcomes of the workshop show that students studying interior architecture are capable of coming up with original solutions to design issues. Foldability has been highlighted as a key idea that influences form choices in function solutions and has given students the capacity to design at various scales, ranging from space design to equipment design.

Architecture is a platform that embraces environmentally friendly design principles and fosters collaboration. Future architecture students and graduates require new skills to address changing environmental conditions and climate changes. Buildings play a crucial role in environmental conditions, urban development, and the well-being of users. Architects have a responsibility to design safe and resilient buildings for sustainable cities. This study discusses the importance of sustainability awareness in architectural education and shares the results of the graduate course "Sustainability and Materials in Architecture." It emphasizes the role of buildings in addressing natural and urban challenges. The course outcomes showed that sustainable development goals can be achieved by drawing insights from vernacular architecture. Through such curricula, young architects can enhance their ability to design buildings and settlements that withstand natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, and landslides.

Urban agriculture encompasses all agricultural activities within or near urban areas. Due to its complex interactions within environmental, social, and economic contexts, urban agriculture faces various challenges. Therefore, various stakeholders are involved in the process of developing urban agriculture. This study aims to determine the place and importance of urban agriculture in the eyes of stakeholders in Iğdır City and its surrounding areas. This will provide an understanding of what can be done in the region within the scope of urban agriculture. Semi-structured interview forms were used in the study. Five questions were asked to the stakeholders, and descriptive analysis, one of the qualitative data analysis methods, was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, it was concluded that Iğdır city holds significant potential in terms of urban agricultural activities. Based on the stakeholder opinions, opportunities for urban agriculture in Iğdır City were discussed.

Fresh water is one of the most important resources consumed. However, droughts due to global climate change, rapid population growth increasing construction sector activities and the lack of importance to protect freshwater resources during these activities increase the problems related to water. This study aims to raise awareness among people about the protection of freshwater resources. For this purpose, a software and hardware-supported system has been developed to obtain fresh water by cooling and condensing the humidity in the air with the help of thermoelectric modules and fans. The developed system can automatically become active or passive according to the weather conditions and uses less energy than its counterparts. The system, which can also operate independently of the grid with solar energy, can also purify the water obtained by producing ozone gas with the effect of static electricity on the surface where water droplets form and make it drinkable.

As a result of the rapid depletion of resources and the damage caused by excessive consumption to the environment, resource management, and material reuse in the construction sector are a necessity for sustainability. This study aims to emphasize the importance of reuse. For this purpose, a workshop was conducted to transform the volumes provided by the out-of-use or ready-made materials into re-use spaces with a different function. The first stage of the study, which is carried out in three stages, is the preparatory stage, where the students do preliminary research on the subject; the second stage is the stage where the students do design studies, and the third stage is the stage where the evaluations regarding the design decisions and learning outcomes are made. At the end of the study, fourteen products were designed by the students, and eight of them were handled within the scope of the study. The direction of the advantages and disadvantages created by the properties of the materials in the design has been evaluated in terms of functionality, technique, and aesthetics. Then, the awareness and development of the students about reuse were evaluated. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that the materials that are out of use and/or produced for different purposes can have creative or guiding effects on the design, and while doing this, they can exhibit a beneficial and sustainable approach to the environment.

Outdoor classrooms, one of the oldest educational approaches that have existed, bringing learning through the common denominator with nature to the agenda, first emerged in England as a reform movement in education at the end of the 1950s. Outdoor classrooms are a rare educational structure that allows students to interact with nature and experience the opportunities of this interaction with their fully digitalised interaction potentials. In the study, examples of open-air classrooms, which are almost non-existent in Türkiye, have been analysed with inductive content analysis by understanding them with the semi-structured interview technique conducted with architects and landscape architects who are teachers and practitioners. In the end, considering all the evaluations, it was determined that the effects of outdoor classes on students were grouped into four categories: effects on cognitive, psychomotor, development, affective, and social development. Beyond only using a theoretical approach, exemplary outdoor classroom models were developed and interpreted.

Kinetic structures have gained popularity in architecture and structural engineering due to their ability to meet environmental factors and user needs. Among these structures, kinetic roof structures hold an important place, as they are deployable and/or transformable structures that can change their forms between two or more different geometries. Various categorizations of kinetic roofs based on their material, mechanism, and geometry have been offered in the literature. However, in most studies, they are placed under the broader category of kinetic structures. This paper critically reviews existing classifications of kinetic roofs, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Subsequently, a novel detailed classification system for kinetic roof structures is proposed. The superiority, advantages, and shortcomings of this proposed classification are presented. A more comprehensive and tailored classification system for kinetic roofs is provided by this study, contributing to the literature in this area.

The importance of sustainability issues has increased in every field. Industrial design is one of the important areas that will contribute to sustainability. In the article, it is focused on how to contribute to sustainability through design. The article focuses on the use of recyclable, environmentally friendly materials and reducing material consumption. Within the scope of the article, various studies have been carried out that examine the design-material-sustainability relationship. First, the importance of sustainability in industrial design was investigated. Secondly, the relationship between material and design in industrial designs has been examined in terms of sustainability. Thirdly, products focusing on sustainability have been designed by the students of the industrial design department. Fourthly, an experimental study focusing on sustainability in industrial design was conducted. The experimental study was carried out on metal furniture. Furniture design has been developed in a way that reduces the use of materials, the number of parts, and the number of processes in production and contributes to sustainability. Experimental study shows that design has a calculable impact on sustainability. All studies in the article show the effect of design on sustainability.

This paper focuses on examining the transformation of the Beykoz Leather and Shoe Factory area, investigating the qualities of the buildings in the area, and evaluating them in the context of industrial archaeology. The study aimed to determine whether each of the four conservation methods determined by TICCIH and ERIH organizations and Rolf Höhmann (1992) are preferred for the buildings of the Beykoz Leather and Shoe Factory. Data collection was carried out in 5 years between 2018-2022. Data were collected through on-site observation, analysis of relevant documentation, and interviews with the Kundura Hafıza (Shoe Memory) unit established within the factory during multiple site visits. The original aspect and importance of the study is to conduct and comprehensively evaluate all three of the literature study, fieldwork, and data analysis within the scope of the study.

One of the effective factors in enabling individuals to age in place and to spend their old age periods more actively and with better quality is the physical environmental characteristics of the dwelling and its immediate surroundings. In this study, which is based on the assertion that individuals prefer to live in their own homes in old age, it is aimed to determine the features that should be carried by the houses that will support the aging in place of elderly individuals and to reveal the design principles. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 70 elderly users aged 65 and over in their residences. General frequency distributions and chi-square test analyses of the obtained data were performed in SPSS statistical program and descriptive content analysis was performed on open-ended questions and the data were examined with the comparison tables created. Then, all the data obtained from the field study are evaluated together with the literature information and the principles that should be considered in the renovation of the houses for the use of elderly users in line with the new needs are presented. With the design principles presented, it is envisaged that elderly users will continue their lives in a better quality and active way in their residences by extending the time they can be self-sufficient.

The aim of this study is to determine the landscape use opportunities of natural plants of wetland habitats (river, stream, rill, moist meadows, etc.) within Şanlıurfa province. In this study, 58 plants were determined from wetland habitats that can be evaluated in terms of landscape use. The characteristics of these plants for their landscape use (life form, structure, flowering period, flower color, landscape value, color, and scent effect) were determined. The obtained data were evaluated using PAST 4.03 data analysis software and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In addition, cluster analysis was performed to examine the distribution of these plants according to the determined landscape use parameters. With the classification practices, plants were defined in 4 different groups, and it was observed that the parameters were effective in the classification of the species. It was concluded that PC1 and PC2 heavily determined the grouping with parameters such as life form, flowering period, color effect and flower color.

The durability of stone is important for traditional buildings to survive today. However, as a result of environmental and atmospheric factors, physical, chemical, biological and anthropogenic degradation occurs on stone surfaces. Detecting, classifying and taking appropriate measures against these degradations on stone surfaces is one of the factors that play a role in the survival of stone structures for a longer period. In this study, the deterioration of the facades of Kasımiye Madrasah in Mardin was analyzed. The deterioration of the building was classified and analyzed. Visual, mapping, and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF chemical analysis method) were used as analysis methods. The deterioration of the building was analyzed and classified by visual analysis. The type of deterioration and its ratio to the façade were examined using the mapping method. With the XRF analysis method on the deteriorated stone surfaces, the chemical components on the stone surface were examined and the effect causing the deterioration was examined. The study aims to determine the types and causes of deterioration in the building, to offer solutions, and to ensure that the building is transferred to future generations without losing its originality for many years in the light of this information.

Cappadocia contains historical, documentary, aesthetic, artistic, symbolic, social, economic, religious and spiritual values. Many structures and places produced by the rock carving technique have been destroyed and/or are on the way to extinction because of intense destruction in the historical process. Rock-carved churches, unique in their religious, artistic, and cultural values, are among the most affected. In this study, the current status of the Saklı Church, the examination of its historical development, the architectural documentation studies with the monasteries in its immediate vicinity, the structural deterioration, and the reasons for the preservation of the rock-hewn churches in the Göreme Valley, and the current conservation strategies and practices in the rock churches were evaluated. Preservation proposals have been developed so that the cultural heritage can be safely transferred to the future. As a result, the status and deterioration of the Saklı Church have been documented with various architectural representation methods, and conservation proposals have been developed.

Building occupants spend approximately 90% of their lives indoors where they want to have indoor air quality, visual, acoustic, and thermal comfort (which is more dominant). Thermal comfort is assessed by physical factors such as operative air temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity. People’s activity level and clothing level are also effective. Related regulations and standards like ISOEN7730 and EN15251 aim to provide a unified understanding of the matter. Since these studies rely on experimental methods, there are instances where certain scenarios lack experimental support, leading to gaps in the results. Those gaps can be filled with the Fuzzy Logic Method, which evaluates with “degrees of truth” instead of “true or false”. With this study, the level of knowledge on providing thermal comfort can be increased by filling the gaps in the empirical studies and the damage caused by heating-cooling energy to the environment can be reduced with further studies.

In the architectural design process, the architect(designer) engages in an internal dialogue with themselves, the object of their design, and other stakeholders. This dialogue, in turn, takes place through language and reveals a narrative. Within the architectural design, this language is established through (architectural) representation/ drawing. However, architectural drawing possesses symbolic and semantic layers akin to any language. This study focuses on these layers through “ekphrasis”, which is based on the relationship between visual and verbal representation, and asks: “How does ekphrasis as a method relate to the meaning of architectural drawing, and how does it find a place for itself in the architectural narrative?” In this study, the text-meaning-drawing relationship is examined using the deconstruction method and case study techniques. Therefore, a drawing workshop was conducted utilizing Homer’s Iliad, as it was the first ekphrastic text. The findings are then discussed in relation to the role of ekphrasis in shaping the architectural narrative.

The study conducted an investigation into the effective utilization of Tarsus district's historical and cultural assets in Mersin province, with a focus on its tourism potential. The primary objectives were to promote the region and contribute to its economic, social, and cultural advancement. A survey was administered to gather information on dominant tourism types in Tarsus, including historical sites, cultural landmarks, local crafts, cuisine, caves, camping, wildlife, flora, gastronomy, local resources, natural attractions, and aesthetics. The results highlighted Tarsus' prominence due to its cultural heritage, historical structures, and natural wealth. Despite Tarsus's cultural diversity and tourism potential, the study revealed its current underrepresentation and various challenges, including the vulnerability of historical assets, insufficient infrastructure, and unguided utilization. The study suggests adopting a sustainable approach that balances conservation with utilization to address these issues and help Tarsus attain the recognition it rightfully deserves in the field of recreation and tourism.

This research aims to investigate the effects of waste corn cob aggregate on the properties of volcanic tuff-based geopolymer mortar. Nevşehir Pozzolan, which is produced as waste during the stone-cutting process, was used as an aluminosilicate source. The effect of alkali activator type, concentration, activator ratio, and sand-to-corn cob ratio on the properties was experimentally investigated. Study results revealed that waste Nevşehir Pozzolan was a suitable aluminosilicate for the production of geopolymer mortar. The optimum activator type, concentration, and activator ratios were sodium hydroxide with sodium silicate, 10 M, and 2.0, respectively, because they ensured the highest mechanical properties. Waste corn cob aggregate could be used instead of natural sand, and geopolymer mortar with various corn cob contents can meet the performance requirements of conventional wall materials.

In rural areas where modern residences are rapidly spreading, the local fabric and culture can be relegated to a secondary position, leading to the loss of traditional structures, lifestyles, and authenticity when establishing new settlements. This study aims to determine whether the expectations of the residents living in the new settlement areas built by public institutions in Kalecik village of Tercan district in Erzincan province are met and to assess their satisfaction. In this context, a literature review was conducted, and new settlement areas and residences were examined through on-site observation. Face-to-face surveys were also conducted. The findings indicate that most users have made changes to their homes by adding structures such as oven houses and barns, enclosing open spaces like balconies, and preferring reinforced concrete construction systems. The results emphasize that when planning new rural settlements, the region's climate, culture, and architecture should be taken into account, and the demands of the local population should not be overlooked.

Determining the learning styles of the students in the process of constructing curricula is significant for the development of architectural education. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the learning style of first-year architecture students and their successful performance in "The Techniques of Architectural Presentation" course and to discuss the relationship between learning styles-gender and learning styles-course curriculum. Kolb and Briggs Myers learning style inventories were used in the study. It was determined that the students with a diverging style had a large share of participants, and no significant relationship was established between gender, course success, and Kolb’s learning style. According to the MBTI inventory, it was determined that the differences in the mean scores of the students' genders in the "Intuition", "Feeling," and "Perception" profiles were significant. An increase in success rate in 3D studies indicates the importance of the development of syllabi with 3D applications.

Turkish baths and bath culture have a very special place in the social life of Turkish society. In addition, due to the importance given by the Islamic religion to cleanliness and especially to cleaning with rivers, our baths are one of the indispensable architectural monuments of our social life. As in all civilizations, baths have an important place in Anatolian culture. Baths are divided into two as public baths and private baths. Public baths are used by the public, while private baths are baths that serve a limited number of people. In this study, the Yivli Minaret (Mevlevihane) Bath, located within the Yivli Minaret Complex in Antalya Kaleiçi, is discussed. The construction date of the bath, which is included in the group of private baths, is not known exactly. In 2019, extensive excavation work was carried out in the bath by the Antalya Museum. After the excavations, it was determined that new units belonging to the bath emerged. In the light of these findings, different suggestions about the original plan of the bath will be put forward than those known so far.

Computer Vision (CV), subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), enables computers to process visual data and recognize objects. CV is widely used in, automotive, food industry and diseases diagnosis. AI achieves this by algorithms. One of the important algorithms based on object detection is YOLO (You Only Look Once), provides more accurate results with high processing speed. The aim of this study is to perform an object detection-based CV project, to determine the structures in given video belong to one of the architectural styles: Gothic, Baroque, Palladian, or Art Nouveau. The study consists of data set creation, data labeling, model creation and model training. Roboflow was used as the data labeling platform and YOLOv8 was used for model building and training phases. At the end of the process, the fact that the model predicts architectural styles with high accuracy in a short time revealed that the model is a successful real-time object detection algorithm, and it was emphasized that CV can be used in the field of architecture and can contribute to other fields related to architecture.

The business world has experienced a pandemic for three years, affecting the workforce's productivity and efficiency. Since workers' well-being and satisfaction are crucial to effective workforce management, organizations and authorities make the employee's well-being and satisfaction the primary target to be achieved even in the post-pandemic period. Many countries and organizations have developed strategies to meet the emerging requirements of the business world. Like other countries, many of the workgroups in Türkiye were also forced to adopt working-from-home (WFH) practices. Although a substantial number of research studies were conducted for investigating well-being and productivity, there is still a need for empirical studies investigating WFH satisfaction and the well-being of workers to be used as a reference and guide for research. A survey was designed and implemented among employees from Türkiye to inspect and measure negative and positive relations between the physical work environment, well-being, and satisfaction of WFH workers. Regarding the range of participants, the survey results could be generalized to illustrate challenges, conditions, and aspects of working-from-home practices in Türkiye to define remote working spaces.

Conservation of 20th century mass housing is discussed considering their heritage value. On the other hand, intervention might be required since they do not meet the today’s requirements and defect might have occurred. In that case, primary objective should be the managing of changes to sustain existing building stock. Within the study, the current situation of one of the modern period mass housing projects in Istanbul/Türkiye Selamsız Low-Cost Mass Housing was documented for interventions and defects on the front façade. Besides, determining the frequency of intervention and defects, examining relations between them and external factors, and identifying reasons for the interventions were also aimed. Data collected about 108 existing buildings and photographic research was made through literature review/archive search/site visits. Collected data were evaluated with a systematic order. As a result, almost half of the defects are caused by interventions on building/element/component scale to fulfil spatial and performance requirements.

Understanding the interplay of gender and environmental perception is important in recognizing how architectural environments can either reinforce or challenge gendered norms and experiences. Literature reviews at a glance show differences between the environmental perception of women and men, which have significant implications for projects aimed at improving the quality of the environment. Thus, 240 architecture students were invited to participate in a photo exhibition of forty images of various architectural buildings and answer a survey questions regarding the content of photos in the current study. The purpose was to determine how students perceive the environment and to examine perceptual differences among them. Data obtained were collected based on inferential and comparative approaches and were analyzed with SPSS software using Pearson correlation tests and one-sample t-tests. Specifically, the results suggest that females pay more detailed attention to the environment’s components than males, while males focus more holistically on the environment content. The results typically indicate that individuals are sensitive to all aspects when confronted with the environment, so all of their senses are active in such a process, accordingly, this should be considered when designing the environment so that all of the user’s senses are stimulated in a desired manner.

The Zeytinburnu Mosaics outside the City Walls were revealed between 2017 and 2020 on a lot belonging to the Kazlıçeşme Art Center which has been serving since 2019 in the Kazlıçeşme District of Zeytinburnu Region of Istanbul. The oldest documented data belonging to the Art Center goes back to the year 1828. At that time, the building was used as a military hospital of the Ottoman Era while later on during the Republic Era, it served as a dormitory, and military office and in 1956 was converted into a public bazaar hall. The building was transferred to Zeytinburnu Municipality property in 1984. During the restoration works of the ‘Mayor Building’ in 2015, Zeytinburnu Mosaics were discovered in the foundation blocks of the main part of the municipality building and around the area used as a carpark. The revealed findings are important for enabling additional data on historical-archeological features of Istanbul outside the City Walls.

Citizen Design Science is a new co-design strategy for urban and architectural systems that improves the planning, design, management, and renewal of cities, urban habitats, and architectural structures, using active design tools through citizens' observation, experience, and local knowledge. The aim of this study is to describe how Atakent Parking Area is transformed into a public space design and implementation through both digital and analog active design tools in the co-design process that includes citizens' spatial experiences, needs, and desires through the method of citizen design science. The objective indicators and subjective perception applied in the study were combined in the co-design process to implement an urban design project. The experimental collaborative urban design process is realized on a democratic platform based on the tendencies and expectations of the participants. Two conceptual urban design projects were prepared with design science data including citizens' wishes, needs, and suggestions about the area, and participating citizens were asked to vote for the project democratically in the urban space. The selected conceptual design project was transformed into an implementation project in the urban area.

The preservation of cultural and artistic heritage, raising awareness of cultural values, elevating aesthetic and artistic values, expressing historical styles, reflecting social, cultural, and economic facets of daily life, and serving as information hubs with research opportunities are all reasons why fashion exhibitions and museums are so important. While clothing exhibitions originally took the form of ethnographic exhibitions featuring historical garments, they have now evolved into creative and dynamic exhibitions featuring the creations of modern fashion designers, installations, and sensory-appealing display spaces. In this context, the goal is to discuss the history of fashion museums, categorize and define fashion exhibitions, look at current fashion museums, and emphasize the significance of these institutions. This descriptive study reviewed clothing-fashion shows from the 2000s to the present; fashion exhibitions that incorporate on-site observations and conclusions to enrich and diversify them stylistically, contextually, and spatially are classified. By combining interesting exhibition themes, new museology, new technologies, and innovative space design, fashion exhibitions give visitors one-of-a-kind experiences.

The term "brand", which is closely associated with the concepts of "branding," signifies the vision and identity surrounding a product during its design phase in the marketing sector. The most effective way to define a brand's identity is through its three-dimensional perception. The architectural space, acting as the storefront of the brand, holds significance in visually presenting the initial perception of the product. This study examines the interaction between the product design that has propelled the branding of a globally renowned handbag company and its spatial design, utilizing the method of observational analysis. The esteemed handbag brand, which has maintained its classical style for years, has been trying to attract attention by incorporating futuristic models since 2019, thereby rejuvenating its image. The study focuses on the examination of architectural design criteria that reflect the corporate identity.

This study, which examines the relationship between spaces within indoor ski centers, aims to investigate the effectiveness of spatial syntax in spatial organization. The study utilized spatial syntax as a qualitative research method. The floor plans of indoor ski centers were evaluated in two dimensions using a program called DepthmapX, which generated representation maps, enabling access to spatial data from these maps. The aim of this study is to emphasize the necessity of classifying spaces within indoor ski centers that exhibit different features in their layout arrangements. The findings and criticisms obtained from this study also serve as recommendations for researchers and designers. The study evaluated the relationship between the organization of space and the shell that determines the boundaries of the space from the perspective of space syntax. It also demonstrates that this method can be effectively used in the design of indoor ski centers. This method can be employed in future studies to meet user needs, circulation, and promote sustainability in the design of indoor ski centers.

The availability of and eligibility for funding, and the engagement of key stakeholders are important factors in the progress and outcomes of the heritage-led regeneration of cultural heritage. In Cyprus, in the Walled City of Nicosia, there has been an ongoing process of heritage-led regeneration since two decades. The island’s political issues have affected the regeneration process in different ways, especially as regards funding the conservation of cultural heritage. The main aim of this paper is to identify key funding bodies and resources in the conservation of cultural heritage, and to investigate their contributions through selected key stakeholders during the heritage-led regeneration process in the Walled City of Nicosia (northern part). The research adopts a case study approach and investigates these issues through 15 projects in the Selimiye Quarter because public space projects are dense in this area. The research reveals that implementation and management are two important factors in the success of the regeneration process and its outcomes.

Virtual reconstruction through digital methods should be implemented in the conservation process to obtain an accurate representation of cultural heritage, establish its value, and ensure the transfer of information to future generations through a secure, reversible, and cost-effective approach. A critical evaluation of fifteen virtual reconstruction applications will be performed regarding their objective, data collection and reconstruction methods, and visual representation outputs. The selected three studies will be analyzed in detail by their superiorities and competencies in reconstruction. The research performs a literature review on cultural heritage conservation, traditional and digital perspectives on conservation, and virtual reconstruction applications. The analysis intends to guide further studies, offering a deeper understanding and clarification of software preferences as virtual reconstruction becomes prominent in archaeology. The study enables the determination and assessment of methodological alternatives through outcomes by comparative review and, as a result, compiles and showcases the suitable techniques for the reconstruction process.

In this study, the study area was chosen as Amasya University Yeşilırmak Campus, located within the borders of Amasya province central county. The aim of the study was to investigate the components comprising the spatial character (buildings, roads and paths, parking areas, equipment elements, sports areas, social areas) and landscape character (topography, presence of plants) in terms of function, current status, environmental and aesthetic features. In line with this aim, the components comprising the spatial and landscape character of the campus were identified with field observations and the functions of the components were defined. An orthophoto for the campus was created using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and maps for the current spatial character, landscape character, social areas and parking areas were obtained. At the conclusion of the study, it is observed that, despite a significant portion of the campus surface being covered by wooded areas, the structures within the campus, such as buildings, parking areas, and vehicular and pedestrian pathways with hard surface materials, are more extensively utilized by the campus users, while the wooded areas remain largely unused. Findings revealed the current status of the campus, and recommendations were made to create a campus with distinctive identity that will be more livable and chosen more frequently by students.

The fractures in gender preferences and the increase in the number of gender preference categories in world societies have deeply affected the basic approaches of public space designers and digital system designers. By now, single-sex has become the default design or coding setting in most robotic algorithms and smart city designs and systems. When we look at it from the perspective of urban sociology, which is the collective reflection of individual human psychology in urban areas, we see traces of it in both the digital infrastructure, macrostructures, and megastructure designs of smart cities. Especially in the film industry after 2000, the perception of gender either refers to free gender values or idealizes a unisex structure. Such things in the cities of the future offer designers an extremely practical solution in system designs and public space designs. We need to demonstrate that such designs are extremely constructive developments in preventing social and sexual violence. In our study, we will focus on the contribution of artificial algorithms, system designs, and space designs to social consensus in the digital infrastructure of smart cities of the future. The parameters of this contribution will be discussed from the perspective of urban sociology in terms of the sustainability of future cities.

Deprem olgusu, geniş kitleler üzerinde yıkıcı etkilere sahip olmasından dolayı titizlikle yönetilmesi gereken doğal bir afettir. Deprem yönetimi kaynakların etkin kullanımı ve koordinasyonu yoluyla, etkilenen toplulukların acil müdahale, arama-kurtarma, barınma, beslenme, sağlık hizmetleri, psikososyal destek gibi birçok konuda ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasını amaçlar. Bu çalışmada, camilerin kentsel, mekânsal, yapısal özellikleri ile birlikte dini ve toplumsal bağlamları da dikkate alınarak deprem yönetiminde kullanım potansiyelleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma, 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde gerçekleşen ve merkez üssü Gaziantep (7.7) ve Kahramanmaraş (7.6) olan iki büyük depremden doğrudan etkilenen Diyarbakır örnekleminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında sınırlandırılan kentsel alana ve bu alanda bulunan 23 camiye ait veriler Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve saha çalışması ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, özgün mekânsal ve yapısal özellikleri ve stratejik konumları ile camilerin deprem yönetiminde önemli kullanım potansiyellerine sahip olduklarını göstermektedir.