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The reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide yielded stable sols of silver nanoparticles. Their subsequent treatment with cysteamine hydrochloride led to the chemical modification of the surface. Both initial and modified sols were used for the determination of Hg2+ ions in an aqueous medium. The limit of detection for the analyte and the linearity range of the analytical signal for the initial silver sols are lower in comparison with the analogues modified with cysteamine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The review is devoted to the analysis of publications on the synthesis and chemical modification of the surface of silver and gold nanoparticles and their use in chemical and biochemical analysis by spectrometry. The formation and subsequent modification of the chemical composition of the surface layer of nanoparticles ensures the solution of problems of the group and individual determination of analytes, i.e., metal ions and organic and bioorganic compounds. The presence of an accessible well-developed surface bearing functional groups of different nature in combination with the effects of surface plasmon resonance and enhanced and surface-enhanced Raman scattering opens wide prospects for the application of nanoparticles to chemical and biochemical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]