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A method has been developed for the determination of [C.sub.70] fullerene in animal organs and tissues using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection combined with sample preparation consisting in the homogenization of samples, treatment of the homogenates with acetic acid, and extraction of fullerene with toluene. The recovery of [C.sub.70] fullerene from various organs was ~89-93%, the limit of detection is 75 ng/mL. Keywords: fullerenes, extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography DOI: 10.1134/S1061934815120138, [C.sub.70] fullerene together with other fullerenes is a representative of a new allotropic form of carbon. Along with [C.sub.60] fullerene, it forms a group of so-called light fullerenes, which are [...]

A method has been developed for the determination of tetrodotoxin in water, blood plasma, and drugs at a level of 0.05-1.0 µg/mL. The method is based on the hydrolytic decomposition of tetrodotoxin by a sodium hydroxide solution, extraction of 2-amino-6-hydroxymethyl-8-hydroxyquinazoline using liquid-liquid extraction, preparation of its derivative by reaction with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluroacetamide, and the determination of the derivative by gas-liquid chromatography with a mass-spectrometric detector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method has been developed for the determination of 2- endo(6′-chloropyridin-3′-yl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (epibatidine) and 2- endo(6′-chloropyridin-3′-yl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-7-ol (epibatidine biomarker) in blood plasma at a level of 1 × 10-1 × 10 mg/mL. The method is based on the extraction of components from blood plasma by liquid-liquid extraction followed by gas-chromatographic determination using thermionic or mass spectrometric detectors. To reduce the limit of detection for epibatidine and its biomarker in using the mass-spectrometric detector, a derivatization stage using N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide or 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl bromide has been included into the procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

procedure has been developed for the determination of thioglycol, 1,1′-sulfonyl-bis[2-(methylsulfonyl)-ethane], 1-methylsulfonyl-2-[2-(methylthio)ethylsulfonyl]ethane (biomarkers of mustard agent) and methylphosphonic acid, O-ethylmethylphosphonic acid, O-isopropylmethylphosphonic acid, and O-pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid (biomarkers of organophosphoric toxic agents) in urine. The procedure includes the recovery of components by liquid extraction, derivatization, separation by gas-liquid chromatography, and detection by flame-photometric and mass spectral detectors. The procedure has been applied to the analysis of samples of artificial urine by the standard addition method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

procedure was developed for determining traces of O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (sarin) in soils at a level of 2 × 10 mg/kg. The procedure is based on solvent extraction with a hexane-benzene mixture, the preconcentration of the extract to a small volume, the synthesis of dialkyl esters using secondary alcohol aluminates, and gas-chromatographic separation on an HP-1 column with a flame ionization detector. The determination error does not exceed 29%; the time of analysis is 1 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A procedure was developed for the gas-chromatographic determination of sarin and soman in the atmospheric air of work zones and inhabited areas at a level of the maximum permissible concentration 2 × 10−5 and 1 × 10−5 mg/m3 and the tentative safe exposure level 2 × 10−7 and 1 × 10−7 mg/m3, respectively. The procedure is based on the recovery of sarin and soman from analyzed air using an absorbing solution, the extraction of sarin and soman from this solution with ethyl acetate and hexane, respectively, the evaporation of the corresponding extracts to a residual volume of 0.1 cm3, and their subsequent chromatography with flame-photometric and thermoionic detectors. The relative error in the determination of sarin and soman is 20 and 18 rel %, respectively, in the air of work zones and 27 and 23 rel %, respectively, in the air of inhabited areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]