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Molten salt electrolysis is an economical and green method in metal extraction and refining, which plays an important role in energy saving and emissions reducing. In recent years, the research on molten salt electrolysis mainly focuses on exploring the electrochemical behavior of ions on the cathode and its related thermodynamics, while the research on the kinetic process of ions is less and lacks a more systematic theoretical system. Therefore, this paper aims to review the kinetic processes and influencing factors related to the reaction on different cathodes in the molten salt electrolysis process. According to the differences in cathodic reactions and electrode states, a systematic review was conducted on the formation and diffusion process of multiphase interfaces in cathodes. Overall, this work is beneficial for promoting the development of strategies for enhancing the kinetics of multiple cathodic reaction, morphological control of electrolytic products and so on. [Display omitted] • The kinetic process of ions on cathode in molten salt electrolysis was studied systematically. • Discussed the different types and process mechanisms of atom diffusion on the cathode surface and inside. • Clarified the fundamental elements of cathodic kinetic processes. • Conducive to effectively regulate the cathodic reaction process according to subjective initiative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tungsten carbides, which can be widely used as cutting and drilling tools, chemical catalysts and aerospace coatings, have attracted widespread attentions. The present work reported a simple method to prepare tungsten carbides by using WO 2 as the raw materials and CO as the reduction and carbonization agent. It was found that at lower and moderate temperatures, all the final product was WC, while at higher temperatures, the final products were W 2 C or W. The reduction and carbonization mechanism was also studied theoretically and experimentally. WO 2 was reduced and carburized to WC in one step at lower temperatures; WO 2 was first reduced and carburized to W 2 C and then to WC at moderate temperatures; while at higher temperatures, WO 2 was first reduced to metallic W and then carbonized to WC or W 2 C, but with the temperature increasing, the carbonization became difficult and required much higher CO content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]