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The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm based on image processing for detecting misshapen potatoes from the mass of potatoes and obtaining homogeneous products. The database used in this research included the digital images acquired from Agria variety of Ardabil (Iranian northern-west) potato with different sizes and shapes. A combination of morphological features including geometrical features like length, width and features related to shape such as roundness were taken into consideration in identifying irregular potatoes from others employing elongation and Fourier descriptors. Using statistical principal component analysis (PCA), seven features were selected as the most prominent for classification. The experimental results showed that the proposed method achieves a high level of accuracy with merely seven selected discriminative features, obtaining an average correct classification rate of 98% for training set. Additionally, regular potatoes were separated into small, medium and large categories with 100% accuracy. According to the results, the developed algorithm based on image processing can be used in classifying products with no proper shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hoeing as mechanically and the use of herbicide as chemically are the most effective methods in controlling weed in sugar beet farming. Excessive use of chemical tussle results in serious environmental problems in the world. In addition, it affects human and animal health adversely. The weeds between rows in sugar beet fields were determined by using image processing techniques and a model of variable level herbicide application was applied on them with precision spraying robot developed during the study. When the nozzle height of precision spraying robot is 30 cm and the speed of it is 8.928 cm s-1, a value of 55.22% saving of drugs was achieved when compared to conventional pesticide applications in a pesticide application on an area of 1.6 m2. The amount of spraying liquid applied on weeds by precision spraying robot with 8 different speeds was measured. It was found that increasing the speed of the spraying robot causes a decrease in the amount of spraying liquid applied on weeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]