1. Protective Role of Flavonoids and Lipophilic Compounds from Jatropha platyphylla on the Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Inflammation in Macrophage Cells.
- Author
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Ambriz-Pérez DL, Bang WY, Nair V, Angulo-Escalante MA, Cisneros-Zevallos L, and Heredia JB
- Subjects
- Animals, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors pharmacology, Macrophages physiology, Mice, Nitric Oxide biosynthesis, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, RAW 264.7 Cells, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Sterols pharmacology, Terpenes pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Flavonoids pharmacology, Jatropha chemistry, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Macrophages drug effects
- Abstract
Seventeen polyphenols (e.g, apigenin, genistein, and luteolin glycosides) and 11 lipophilic compounds (e.g., fatty acids, sterols, and terpenes) were detected by LC-MS/MS-ESI and GC-MS, respectively, in Jatropha platyphylla. Extracts from pulp, kernel, and leaves and fractions were studied to know their effect on some pro-inflammatory mediators. Phenolic and lipophilic extracts showed significant inhibitory effects on ROS and NO production while not affecting mitochondrial activity or superoxide generation rate in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, NO production was also diminished by lipophilic leaf fractions F1 and F2 with the latter fraction showing a greater effect and composed mainly of sterols and terpene. Furthermore, total extracts showed nonselective inhibitions against cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2 activities. All together, these results suggest that J. platyphylla extracts have potential in treating inflammatory diseases and their activity is mediated by flavonoids and lipophilic compounds.
- Published
- 2016
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