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Objective To review year 1957–2005 literature on acupuncture and moxibustion and explore point selection and methods for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of diarrhea in order to provide objective and reliable data for research on acupuncture and moxibustion standardization.

This paper reviews and analyzes 50 articles concerning the treatment of climacteric syndrome by acupuncture and moxibustion therapries. The therapies were single acupuncture, acupuncture combining other methods, auricular-plaster therapy, and some other therapies. Clear diagnostic criteria were found in 39 articles, and the most common-used criteria wereCombination of TCM and Western Medicine Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Kupperman Index Scoring andCriterion of Diagnosis and Treatment Effect of TCM Diseases and Syndrome. All together 2946 cases were treated, and the therapeutic effect rates ranged from 58.1% to 100%. There were control group in 16 articles. The syndromes have been classified as 27 types in 15 articles, including type of yin-deficiency of the liver and the kidney, yang-deficiency of the spleen and the kidney, yang-deficiency of the kidney, yin-deficiency of the kidney, disharmony between the heart and the kidney, and the liver stagnation, etc. Some effects have been got in treating female climacteric syndrome with acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, however, there were fewer strict randomized controlled trials (RCT).

To promote acupuncture practice, the general situation of acupuncture in treating leucopenia between 1949–2004 were analyzed on the basis of Chinese Modern Acupuncture Database. From 1981, references of acupuncture treating leucopenia increased annually and steadily. In clinic, hydroacupuncture, needling, and moxibustion are widely used, and the selected acupoints are those of Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang and Governor Vessel. Acupuncture-moxibustion have a good therapeutic effects on leucopenia.

To review the general situation of acupuncture in treating vascular headache between 1949–2004 in an attempt to promote acupuncture practice, clinical references concerning acupuncture treatment of vascular headache were analyzed on the basis ofChinese Modern Acupuncture Database. From 1956, these references increased annually and steadily. In clinical practice, needling is cardinally used, and the acupoints are selected adjacent to diseased part and on syndrome differentiation.

This paper makes a statistics on the literature concerning the treatment of asthma by acupuncture respectively from theRetrieval System of Acupoint Indications in Ancient Acupuncture Treatise and theInformation Database of Modern Chinese Acupuncture, and compares the treatment methods between ancient and modern times, in an attempt to advance the common treatment principles and methods for asthma by acupuncture.

Analyzed 74 articles relevant to urinary calculus and renal colic. The statistics found that the commonly used therapies were needling, acupuncture and moxibustion, electro-acupuncture, acupoint-injection, ear-point application, ear acupuncture, wrist-ankle acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, acupressure and combined acupuncture methods. The common acupoints that were used over 1,400 times in more than 12 articles were Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongji (CV 3), and Jingmen (GB 25).

To analyze 73 theses that all accorded with statistical demand about ulcerative colonitis. The statistics found that the commonly used therapies were acupuncture, moxibustion, acupuncture-moxibustion, herb-partitioned moxibustion, acupoint-injection, point-radiation therapy, auricular-plaster therapy, catgut implantation at acupoint, point application etc. The commonly used points were Zusanii (ST36), Tianshu (ST25), Pishu (BL20), Weishu (BL21), Zhongwan (CV12), Dachangshu (BL25) etc. The total effective rate in clinic was 95.40%.

This paper collects and analyzes 40 398 pieces of information from Chinese Modern Acupuncture Information Database (1970–2002). It covers 93 articles concerning the treatment of chronic gastritis by acupuncture and 5 325 subjects, the total effective rate being 94.4%. The frequent treatment methods are needling, moxibustion, burial therapy, and hydropuncture. The major acupoints are Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (CV 12), Weishu (BL 21), Pishu (BL20), Neiguan (PC 6), Ganshu (BL 18), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc. In the presence of severe stomachache, Liangqiu (ST 34) and Gongsun (SP 4) are added; in the presence of abdominal fullness, Tianshu (ST 25) and Qihai (CV 6) are added; in the presence of diarrhea, Tianshu (ST 25) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) are added; in the presence of vomiting, Shangwan (CV 13) and Taichong (LR 3) are added.

This paper statistically analyzes sixty-two articles concerning the treatment of obesity with acupuncture, and finds that the common therapy embraces needling, moxibustion, electroacupuncture, ear acupuncture, auricular application, auricular needle-embedding, acupoint application, acupoint embedding and combined methods of acupuncture. The frequent auricular acupoints are Stomach (MA-IC), Endocrine (MA-IC 3), Er Shenmen (MA-TF I), Lung (MA-IC 1), Spleen (MA-IC), Hunger Point (MA-T) and Sanjiao (MA-IC 4). The clinical total effective rate was 75.8%.

Related to treatment of senile dementia, 53 articles conformed the statistical demand were analyzed, finding commonly used methods are acupuncture, moxibustion, acupoint-injection, electro-acupuncture, ocular-acupuncture, scalp-acupuncture, digital-acupuncture and acupuncture plus other therapies, key treatment principle is opening orifice and invigorating brain, frequent selected acupoints are Baihui (GV 20), Zusanli (ST 36), Fengchi (GB 20), Fenglong (ST 40), Neiguan (PC 6), Shuigou (GV 26), etc; and the total effective rate is 89.62%.

Statistical analysis was made through computer on the information of insomnia treated by acupuncture in 93 ancient medical books. Statistical results showed that 65 acupoints were used in ancient times, up to 108 times in frequency. The common acupoints are as follows:Gongsun (SP 4), Danshu (BL 19), Yinbai (SP 1), Qihai (CV 6), Tianfu (LU 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6),Yinlingquan (SP 9), Feishu (BL 13), Yemen (TE 2), Guanyuan (CV 4), Yinjiao (GV 28) et al.The common meridians are Bladder Meridian, Spleen Meridian, Conception Vessel, Stomach Meridian, et al.