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Reported here is a 22-year-old young man with the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome, Paget-Schroetter syndrome (effort-related thrombosis of the subclavian vein) and an aberrant right subclavian artery. The symptomatology and the diagnosis pertaining to these pathologies are discussed in light of the relevant literature.

In this case report, we rendered a 22 year old woman with the diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. We have evaluated her symptoms of palpitation with Holter monitorization during Roos test before and after surgery where transaxillary first rib resection and scalenectomy were performed. Postoperatively she improved and the tachycardia resolved. We propose that stellate ganglion or postganglionic efferent sympathetic fibers forming the cardiac plexus are exposed to compression while Roos test is being performed. Due to this irritation, there can be an increase in the cardiac sympathetic activity.

A patient suffering from a brachial plexus injury after axillary arteriography is discussed. In the pertinent literature, local complications such as hematomas or pseudoaneurysms have been reported. Herein, rendering this patient, we introduce a new type of a delayed complication after the angiography-compressive injury of the brachial plexus.

Femoral vein dialysis is a technique applied in many clinics. Hemorrhagic complications following the procedure either directly due to the femoral catheterization itself in the early period or less with concomitant late neurological impairments may pose serious challenges to the clinician. Likewise in this report, we are presenting a dialysis patient with bilateral retroperitoneal hematomas causing bilateral lumbosacral plexopathies-to our best knowledge the first in the literature. We have also touched upon its prompt diagnosis and treatment.

A 15-year-old boy, with a diagnosis of hemophilia A, suffered bleeding into his left forearm 5 months before being admitted to our medical center. His neurological examination revealed a pronounced median neuropathy and a minor ulnar neuropathy on the left side. There was marked muscle atrophy on the thenar side and, to a lesser degree, on the hypothenar side and in the forearm. Electromyographic findings demonstrated an evident, nearly complete, sensorimotor axonal loss in the median nerve. Magnetic resonance imaging studies showed atrophy in muscles of the left forearm and median nerve. The patient was diagnosed as having median nerve axonotmesis and ulnar nerve neuropraxia due to compartment syndrome. In hemophiliac patients, frequent single nerve compressions (often involving the femoral nerve) can be seen. However, concomitant median and ulnar nerve injuries with differing severity are rare.