499 results on '"ZIONISM"'
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2. Spinoza vs. the Kahal: The Zionist Critique of Spinoza's Politics.
- Author
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Cooper, Julie E.
- Subjects
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ZIONISTS , *IMAGINATION , *GERMAN Jews , *POLITICAL autonomy , *JEWISH diaspora , *POLITICAL philosophy - Abstract
The 1920s and 30s witnessed an explosion of interest in Spinoza among Zionist intellectuals. The reflexive equation of nation and state has led scholars to conclude that Zionists were drawn to Spinoza because he justified state sovereignty. This assumption is mistaken. Eastern European Zionists rejected Spinoza's sovereignty-centered political thought—precisely because it denies political standing to non-sovereign bodies such as the kahal. Drawing on diasporic history, Spinoza's Zionist critics elaborated a distinctive political vision that prized national autonomy but did not equate self-rule with sovereign power. I foreground Zionist repudiation of Spinozist sovereignty to challenge reigning assumptions about the ideological sources of non-sovereign politics. Theorists influenced by German Jewish thought have predicated the cultivation of non-sovereign political imagination on a disavowal of nationalism. This opposition—between diaspora and nation, between nationalism and non-sovereignty—is false. In eastern Europe, nationalist figurations of galut (exile) have long inspired non-sovereign, non-Spinozist political imaginaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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3. Sociology against Zionism? The Thought of French Jewish Sociologist René Worms on Jews and Judaism at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century.
- Author
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Mosbah-Natanson, Sébastien
- Subjects
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ZIONISM , *TWENTIETH century , *SOCIOLOGISTS , *SCIENTIFIC racism , *JUDAISM , *ASSIMILATION (Sociology) - Abstract
Among French Jewish intellectuals who rejected Zionism in the early twentieth century was René Worms, a sociologist who used sociological theories as well as "franco-judaïsme," the French-Jewish model of assimilation, to oppose it. In 1920–21, during debates organized by the Société de sociologie de Paris on the future of Palestine and Zionism, Worms used various theories to counter Jewish nationalism. Influenced by biology and race science, he began by denying the existence of a Jewish race, emphasizing the racial heterogeneity of modern Jews. His understanding of the evolution of modern religions toward universalism, influenced by Auguste Comte and Émile Durkheim, also discredited Zionism. Finally, his sociology of nationality, interwoven with Ernest Renan's conception of the nation, precluded any national claim to Judaism. This article examines the arguments Worms made and compare them to those of other speakers in debates between sociologists in Paris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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4. When Hermann Cohen Cried: Zionism, Culture, and Emotion.
- Author
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Loeffler, James
- Subjects
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ZIONISM , *JEWISH music , *EMOTIONS , *AESTHETICS , *WESTERN civilization , *JEWISH history - Abstract
In this article, I examine a curious chapter in the history of modern Jewish culture: the 1914 Berlin meeting of Zionist musician Avraham Zvi Idelsohn with the philosopher Hermann Cohen. A shared belief in the redemptive power of aesthetics and the unique character of Jewish music briefly drew the two men together. Each saw in sound an unparalleled means by which to recalibrate Jewish difference in relation to Western civilization. Each identified music as the key to large-scale cultural and emotional Jewish renewal in the face of European modernity. Yet their ensuing argument revealed not only the political fissures in European Jewry but also the deeper philosophical contradictions within each man's respective theories and, more broadly, the unstable relationship between aesthetics and affect in modern Jewish culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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5. How the Locals Grew an Accent: The Sounds of Modern Hebrew in Early Twentieth-Century Palestine.
- Author
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Kahlenberg, Caroline
- Subjects
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TWENTIETH century , *SOUNDS , *FRENCH language , *ENGLISH language , *HISTORIANS , *JEWS - Abstract
Early twentieth-century Palestine was a noisy place. Urban streets echoed with the cries of hawkers, the songs of nationalists, and the whistles of trains announcing their arrival. Conversations in Arabic, Turkish, Yiddish, English, Ladino, French, Hebrew, and other languages reverberated in the soundscape. In this article, I explore how Palestine's residents made sense of what they heard, focusing on one type of sound in particular: Hebrew-language accents. Building on the work of sensory historians, and focusing on Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews, I investigate the following questions: How did Palestine's residents use accents to mark identity, belonging, and exclusion? What were the stakes of sounding different? And what did it mean to sound "native"? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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6. "To the East"? Israeli Soccer's Asian Period and Debates about the Jewish State's Cultural Affiliations with the Continent.
- Author
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Mahla, Daniel
- Subjects
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ZIONISM , *SOCCER , *SOCCER players , *CONTINENTS , *BOYCOTTS - Abstract
For two decades, from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, Israeli soccer players participated in Asian leagues and associations. During this period, they achieved much and celebrated significant athletic victories. But at the same time, they were met with hostility and boycotts and excluded from entire tournaments, until August 1976, when the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) officially expelled the Israeli Football Association (IFA) from its ranks. From the outset, the national team's activities in Asia elicited intense discussions about Israel's membership in the AFC that went far beyond the weighing of practical and athletic issues. By tracing these debates as they raged in the Israeli press, in this article I demonstrate that the question of the IFA's regional affiliation was a platform for deeper deliberations about the country's very place on the Asian continent. The highly ambivalent attitudes that emerged, I argue, reflected deep insecurities about the Jewish state's geo-cultural belonging and self-perception that are best understood against the backdrop of Israeli political realities of the 1960s and 70s and in the context of early twentieth-century debates about the orientation of the Zionist movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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7. Radio Tunis's The Hebrew Hour (1939–56): A Microhistory.
- Author
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Silver, Christopher
- Subjects
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RADIO programs , *MICROHISTORY , *ZIONISM , *WORLD War II - Abstract
Radio Tunis's The Hebrew Hour (1939–56) was the first and longest running Jewish radio program in North Africa. From its debut just before World War II and through its final broadcasts just after Tunisian independence, its announcer Félix Allouche, a Zionist activist and journalist, brought together a diverse range of personalities, subject matter, political preferences, and musical repertoires in a single, multi-lingual forum. In this article, I demonstrate that, unlike the printed press, the radio allowed for such convergence due to its aural quality. In doing so, I reconsider the seemingly divergent ideological trajectories of Tunisian Jewry between the interwar and postwar periods while also treating the consequences of the program's drift toward Zionism after 1948. Finally, by conceiving of early- to mid-twentieth century Jewish radio in global terms and Arab radio beyond the framework of resistance, I suggest that new models are needed for both. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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8. Moshe Wilbushewich, "Vitamin Bread," and Rationalizing the Jewish Diet in Mandate Palestine.
- Author
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Hirsch, Dafna
- Subjects
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DIET , *BREAD , *VITAMINS , *COLONIZATION , *SOCIAL forces - Abstract
Dreams of good food, writes Aaron Bobrow-Strain, are powerful social forces, which "arise out of particular constellations of power and interests that can be analyzed and understood." This article focuses on a specific food item—Vitamin Bread (leḥem ḥai), developed by Moshe Wilbushewich in 1920s Palestine—as embodying notions of "good food" premised on the tenets of rational nutrition. I show how the development of the bread was informed not only by a nutritional discourse, which counted energy units and analyzed nutrients, but also by a colonial discourse about Jewish and Arab physical and mental difference, about the role of science in colonization, and by the interests of Jewish settlement. For its inventor, Vitamin Bread embodied the attempt to compensate for the physical inferiority of civilized Jewish settlers compared to indigenous Arabs by means of their intellectual advantage, namely, by recruiting science in the service of improving Jewish nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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9. Hard to Be a Jew in Mandatory Tel Aviv: Relocating the Eastern European Jewish Experience.
- Author
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Zer-Zion, Shelly
- Subjects
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CULTURAL identity , *ZIONISM , *YIDDISH drama - Abstract
This article addresses two Hebrew stage adaptations based on Sholem Aleichem's Der blutike shpas (The Bloody Hoax) produced in Mandatory Palestine: Hard to Be a Jew, which premiered at Habima in December 1936, and a parody of this play, titled Easy to Be a Jew, which premiered at Ha-matateh, the satirical Yishuv theater company, in June 1937. These productions constituted a symbolic zone of boundary-work between the Yiddish culture associated with the old home in eastern Europe and the Hebrew culture of Zionist Palestine, encapsulating the eastern European Jewish experience on the stage. The stage performances and reception of the plays indicate that the experience of the new land and the sense of communal belonging to the Zionist collective was fashioned after this encapsulated model of Jewish experience in eastern Europe. Thus, the adaptation of Zionist cultural identity was marked as being continuous with the old world, rather than rebellion against it or its radical transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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10. A Late Imperial Elite Jewish Politics.
- Author
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Imber, Elizabeth E.
- Subjects
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JEWISH politics & government , *POLITICAL elites , *JEWS , *ZIONISM ,BRITISH colonies - Abstract
This article offers a new account of a late imperial elite Jewish politics, examining the lives of Rachel Ezra (1877-1952) and David Ezra (1871-1947), a Baghdadi Jewish couple from British India, through the lens of two sites of political formation: first, a memorial campaign led by David Ezra to have his Baghdadi community classified as European in the Bengali electorate; and second, the quotidian practices and affective ties that shaped the Ezras' embeddedness in elite Indian and Jewish cultures. These two sites each generated distinctive political vocabularies, categories, and concerns. However, both were informed by a single political horizon: a growing uncertainty about Jewish futures in India amidst the rise of Indian nationalism and the changing terms of British rule. Examining Jewish politics in the British Empire sheds critical light on the history of Zionism, Jewish politics, and the Jewish experience at the crossroads of imperialism and nationalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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11. Negotiating Presences.
- Author
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Grossmann, Rebekka
- Subjects
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WEIMAR Republic, 1918-1933 , *ZIONISM , *JUDAISM , *HISTORICAL revisionism , *WEIMAR government, 1918-1933 ,PALESTINIAN Jews - Abstract
The new Jewish presence in Palestine brought about by Zionism and consolidated politically by the Balfour Declaration reintroduced into the German and German Jewish consciousness the idea of the proximity of Jews to the Orient while challenging their image as 'orientals.' It was photography that showed such new Jewish appearances especially palpably and that confronted viewers with a changing Holy Land. This article discusses three photo books on Palestine published in 1925, using them as markers for the contested presences and absences of Jews and Judaism in Germany. The books discuss the status of Palestine and the role of Jews as its new, old colonizers, allowing for a plethora of opinions on the political meaning of Zionism, many of which would be attacked soon thereafter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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12. Petah Tikva, 1886: Gender, Anonymity, and the Making of Zionist Memory.
- Subjects
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ZIONISM , *COLLECTIVE memory , *LAND tenure , *NINETEENTH century ,PALESTINIAN history - Abstract
The first significant clash between European Jewish agricultural colonists and Arab peasants in Palestine, a conflict over peasant grazing rights in Petah Tikva, took the life of one Jewish person, an older woman named Rachel Halevy. This article traces the commemoration history of the event in Zionist sources, particularly local Petah Tikva sources, between its occurrence in 1886 and the mid-1960s. It looks at both the evolving ghostly presence of the central Jewish female victim, who disappears, reappears, and lurks on the margins of the story, and Halevy's son, Sender Hadad, who becomes increasingly prominent over the years as he is configured as an archetypal Zionist guardsman and hero. Through the commemoration history of these figures, the article traces shifting Zionist narratives about heroism and victimhood in Petah Tikva; the construction of Petah Tikva, founded before the Zionist movement, as a locus of foundational Zionist bravery; and the gendered notions by which men and women are remembered and forgotten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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13. The Postcolonial Buber: Orientalism, Subalternity, and Identity Politics in Martin Buber's Political Thought.
- Subjects
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ORIENTALISM , *IDENTITY politics , *NATIONALISM , *HISTORY of Zionism , *JEWISH identity , *HISTORY - Abstract
This article analyzes central elements of Martin Buber's political thinking from a postcolonial perspective. It examines Buber's view of the 'Orient,' his ideas about the social and economic constitution of the Arab-Jewish commonwealth in Palestine, and his attitude toward the evolving national conflict between Jews and Arabs. Buber's Zionism, despite its deep roots in European nationalist ideologies and entanglement with European colonialist ideas, nevertheless had much in common with the nationalism of anticolonial movements and is therefore best conceived as a subaltern nationalism. The incorporation of postcolonial theory makes it possible to see these anticolonial features and at the same time acknowledge Buber's indebtedness to European nationalism and colonialism, thus contributing to a more complex understanding of the history of Zionism and of its position in the European and global context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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14. Was It Possible to Avoid "Hebrew Assimilation"? Hebraism, Polonization, and Tarbut Schools in the Last Decade of Interwar Poland.
- Author
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Kijek, Kamil
- Subjects
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ASSIMILATION (Sociology) , *HEBRAISM , *ZIONISM , *POLONIZATION - Abstract
This article examines the problem of the chasm between Zionist ideology, Jewish cultural reality in interwar Poland, and the praxis of Zionist education of this period, manifested in the activities of the 'Parbul school network, According to the Zionist idea of monocultural nationalism, the process of acculturation to which inlerwar Polish Jenny was subjected' was conceived as assimilation, which threatened the possibility of the existence of Hebrew culture and Zionist activities in the diaspora. In this article l present reactions to acculturation (or assimilation) through the prism of the polemic of Polish- and Erets Yisrael-based ideologues and educators and through the dissonance between Tarbut educational ideology and praxis, as manifested in the Hebrew educational journal Ofakim, in other publications, and in school programs.I also analyze recollections of Tarbut pupils, their educational experiences, and accounts of how they were perceived in those schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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15. Jewish Liberal, Russian Conservative: Daniel Pasmanik between Zionism and the Anti-Bolshevik White Movement.
- Author
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Taro Tsurumi
- Subjects
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WHITE Army (Russian Revolution) , *NATIONALISM , *HISTORY of Zionism , *ANTISEMITISM , *HISTORY , *TWENTIETH century , *HISTORY of antisemitism ,RUSSIAN politics & government - Abstract
It is generally assumed that during the civil war after the Revolution, Russian Jews sided with the Bolsheviks primarily because they were the least antisemitic party at the time. Yet Daniel Pasmanik, a little-known Zionist leader and ideologist, supported the While movement during the civil war, and after his immigration to Paris he even championed fascism to reunite Russia, which had been fragmented by the Bolsheviks. A careful examination of Pasmanik's writings from his Zionist and anti-Bolshevist years reveals his dual nationalism, providing a more nuanced picture of Zionism and Russia in the revolutionary period. Furthermore, such an examination illuminates several reasons behind Jews' support of the White movement despite its antisemitism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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16. Moderation from Right to Left: The Hidden Roots of Brit Shalom.
- Author
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Maor, Zohar
- Subjects
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ZIONISM & Judaism , *ZIONISM , *ZIONISTS - Abstract
Hans Kohn, Hugo Bergmann, and Gershom Scholem were among the leaders of Brit Shalom, a small but intriguing Zionist faction that advocated binationalism. This essay contends that their moderation and their consistent opposition to the prevailing Zionist vision of a Jewish state in Palestine issued from a völkisch outlook. Kohn, Bergmann, and Scholem shared a postliberal stance and a youthful Zionism influ-enced by Martin Buber, and their later binationalis m emerged not from a renuncia-tion of their former ideology but rather from its creative adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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17. Central European Ethnonationalism and Zionist Binationalism
- Author
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Weiss, Yfaat
- Subjects
Jews -- Territorialism ,Zionism ,Jewish nationalism ,Ethnicity ,Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies ,Philosophy and religion - Abstract
We regard nothing as more abominable than a policy based upon a double-entry bookkeeping. --Robert Weltsch, as quoted in Hans Kohn, Living in a World Revolution In all matters relating [...]
- Published
- 2004
18. Modern Hebrew, Esperanto, and the Quest for a Universal Language.
- Author
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Halperin, Liora R.
- Subjects
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HEBREW language , *UNIVERSAL language , *ESPERANTO , *ORTHOGRAPHY & spelling , *ZIONISM - Abstract
Late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Zionist efforts to promote Hebrew as a modern vernacular not only emphasized Hebrew's standing as a Jewish tongue but also affirmed the language's universalist bona fides. These claims were buoyed by long-standing Jewish and Christian traditions that claimed Hebrew was a transcendent language tied to universal human values. During a period distinguished by modern universal language programs, however, Hebrew's limited reach and apparent artificiality provoked a sense of unease about its universalist claims. This unease was expressed in programs to westernize Hebrew orthography and enhance its global spread and in a series of often anxious comparisons, offered in the Hebrew periodical press, between Hebrew and Esperanto, the most popular universal language program of the day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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19. Unraveling the Wars of 1948.
- Author
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Cohen, Uri
- Subjects
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ISRAEL-Arab War, 1948-1949 , *LITERATURE & history , *WAR & literature , *ZIONISM , *REVENGE , *MILITIAS , *GUERRILLA warfare , *ISRAELI literature , *THEMES in Israeli literature , *HISTORY ,HISTORY & criticism - Abstract
This article is a literary investigation of the 1948 war and the cultures of Zionist military formation. In this study, literature is understood as the record of war from the human perspective. Employing a conceptual distinction between the militia and the regular army, I trace the tension between the concurring cultures of war, allowing a conceptualization of the war of 1948 as three separate wars. The war begins with the cultural domination of the militia in 1947, which defines the culture and literature of 1948. As military power becomes more organized, the militias become a regular army, executing territorial expansion and the dispossession of the Palestinians. The figural character of revenge dominates the literature and is examined as underlying the dynamic of violence between Jews and Arabs in Palestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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20. Leon Pinsker and "Autoemancipation! ": A Réévaluation.
- Author
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Shumsky, Dimitry
- Subjects
- *
JEWISH diaspora , *ZIONISTS , *EMANCIPATION of Jews , *HISTORY of Zionism , *HISTORY ,RUSSIAN Jewish history - Abstract
Using recently uncovered writings by Leon Pinske, the proto-Zionist thinker, the current article challenges the generally accepted understanding of Pinsker's intellectual development as moving "from assimilation to nationalism."In particular, the article reevaluates the idea that in his pamphlet "Autoemancipation!" Pinsker proposed territorial nationalism as an ideological substitute for Jewish citric emancipation in the Diaspora, particularly in the Russian empire. Rather, Pinsker held that the establishment of a national Jewish territory would, by its very existence, pave the way for the enhanced emancipation of those Jews who continued to live outside the territorial homeland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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21. "Zionism without Zion"? Territorialist Ideology and the Zionist Movement, 1882-1956.
- Author
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Alroey, Gur
- Subjects
- *
TERRITORIALISM (Jewish movement) , *HISTORY of Zionism , *JEWISH nationalism , *JEWS , *JEWISH-Arab relations , *IDEOLOGY , *ISRAEL & the diaspora , *JEWISH history , *HISTORY - Abstract
This article focuses on territorialism from its beginnings in the 1880s, through its conversion into an organized political power in the early twentieth century, and up to its decline in the 1950s. Because territorialist ideology is multilayered, this article focuses on two central pairs of issues that stand at the heart of territorialism and Jewish discourse in the first half of the twentieth century. The first is the idea of the negation of exile and the catastrophic worldview that characterized territorialist thinking. The second is the position of the territorialists toward the Land of Israel and the native Arab population already residing there. In exploring these two issues, we examine the sources of the territorialist idea and argue that they constitute a mirror image of the Zionist movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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22. German Jewish Athletes and the Formation of Zionist (Trans-)National Culture.
- Author
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Ashkenazi, Ofer
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY of sports , *HISTORY of Zionism , *JEWISH athletes , *GERMAN athletes , *CENTRAL Europeans , *MACCABIAH Games , *JEWISH identity , *TWENTIETH century - Abstract
Despite the popularity of Zionist sports clubs and the incorporation of athletic activity as an essential component within the Zionist ethos, Jewish sports in pre-1948 Palestine have been allotted a relatively minor place in Zionist historiography. One reason for this marginalization is the convoluted institutionalization of Zionist sports and the tensions it embedded between various perceptions of identity (national, transnational, regional, and political). Such tensions exerted a crucial influence on the ways Zionism was experienced and interpreted by the numerous people who practiced, taught, trained, and watched sports before and after their immigration to Palestine. This article underscores the roles of sports in the Central European Zionist activism and imagination in order to present a twofold argument. First, sports provided a distinctive realm that enabled Jewish immigrants from Central Europe to assimilate into the Zionist national culture in Palestine and to influence significantly the shape of this culture. Second, for many of the German-speaking newcomers to Palestine in the 1930s, sports also provided a unique discursive sphere in which several perceptions of identity could coexist under the umbrella of Jewish nationalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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23. Old Heroes in a New Medium: The Television Program Such a Life and the Formation of Israeli Collective Memory.
- Author
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Ben-Amos, Avner and Bourdon, Jéérôôme
- Subjects
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COLLECTIVE memory , *TELEVISION programs , *ZIONISM - Abstract
The subject of this article is the Israeli television program Such a Life, which was broadcast on the Israel Broadcasting Authority's Channel One between 1972 and 2001. The program, based on a protagonist's life and told through a surprise studio encounter with his or her family, friends, and colleagues, was the Israeli version of the earlier U.S. and British television programs This Is Your Life. But where the U.S. and the U.K. programs focused on sentiment and entertainment, the Israeli counterpart emphasized memory and education, in a conscious effort to contribute to the formation of the national memory. The first part of the article describes the history of Such a Life from its inception to its end, and the second part constitutes a structural analysis of the production process and the broadcast episodes, to explain how its image of the Israeli past was cobbled together. We describe the creation of Such a Life, analyze its main features, and explain how it became such a successful vehicle in promoting and diffusing the Zionist view of the ''life-story'' of Israel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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24. An Arabic-Zionist Talmud: Shimon Moyal's At-Talmud.
- Author
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Gribetz, Jonathan Marc
- Subjects
- *
SEPHARDIM , *ZIONISM , *ARABIC literature, 1801- ,MIDDLE East history - Abstract
This article offers a close reading of At-Talmud: Asluhu wa-tasalsuluhu wa-adabuhu (The Talmud: Its Origin, Transmission, and Ethics; 1909), an Arabic work published in Egypt by the Jaffa-born writer Shimon Moyal. The book was intended to be the first of a multivolume translation of the Talmud into Arabic. The article places this translation project into its historical context in the fin-de-siècle Middle East and explores the various ways in which Moyal, through his translation, attempted to present Judaism more favorably and familiarly to a mixed Christian and Muslim readership. It is further suggested that Moyal's description of ancient Jewish history, and especially his use of nationalist terminology in recounting this past, may be read for insights about Moyal's own approach to Zionism. The article thereby also contributes to the scholarly discourse on the character of Sephardi Zionism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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25. Leo Strauss: The Political Philosopher as a Young Zionist.
- Author
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Muller, Jerry
- Subjects
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POLITICAL philosophy , *ZIONISM , *INFLUENCE , *INTELLECTUAL life , *JEWS - Abstract
Recent scholarship on the young Leo Strauss has tended to overlook, downplay, or misunderstand the significance of Strauss's Zionism for the development of his interest in the nature of political life, not least because it fails to note the influence of political Zionist thinkers, especially Leon Pinsker and Theodor Herzl, on his assumptions. Strauss's Zionism was resolutely secular and critical of the influence of religious Orthodoxy, cultural Zionism, and liberal humanitarianism, all of which he saw as threats to a sober assessment of the Jewish condition in interwar Europe. The challenge for Zionism, as Strauss conceived it, was to acquire a realistic conception of politics, one that took into account the ineluctability of particularist identities and interests and the role of power in human affairs. Because of the deficiencies of the Jewish tradition, it was a body of knowledge that had to be learned from the gentiles, from Nietzsche back to Plato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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26. The Bereaved Father and His Dead Son in the Works of A. B. Yehoshua.
- Author
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Mendelson-Maoz, Adia
- Subjects
- *
SACRIFICE , *MODERN Hebrew literature -- History & criticism , *FATHER-son relationship , *FICTION , *ZIONISM ,ISAAC (Biblical patriarch) - Abstract
In recent years, A. B. Yehoshua has been taken to task for tempering his criticism of Israeli politics and shifting closer to the political center. In this article, I shift the discussion to a historical and poetic perspective through an interpretive evaluation of the bereaved father figure in Yehoshua's oeuvre. His approach to the bereaved father has undergone a radical transformation. This is clearly seen in his latest works in which he has made the transition from a critical stance toward the bereaved father-one of the most potent images of Zionist ideology-to a more moderate position reflecting internalization and acceptance of bereavement. To investigate this development, I explore the use of the bereavement myth in several of Yehoshua's works and offer a detailed comparison of his early novella Bi-techilat kayits 1970 (Early in the Summer of 1970; 1972) and his more recent work Esh yedidutit (Friendly Fire: A Duet; 2007). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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27. 'Exile of the World': Israeli Perceptions of Jacobo Timerman.
- Author
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Rein, Raanan and Davidi, Efraim
- Subjects
- *
JEWISH journalists , *POLITICAL prisoners , *PRESS , *MASS media , *EXILES - Abstract
Upon his arrival in Israel in September 1979, the Jewish-Argentine journalist Jacobo Timerman was welcomed as a Jewish hero. The founding editor of the daily La Opinión had been kidnapped in Argentina in April 1977, tortured, and had spent almost two and a half years in illegal detention, and later house arrest, until he was deported to Israel. But the initial enthusiasm quickly gave way to disappointment. The Jewish hero became a persona non grata, among other reasons because of his critical writings against the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982. This article analyzes the changing image of Timerman in the Hebrew press. Israeli society found it difficult to accept such criticism from someone who had come to Israel only a short time earlier and, moreover, with the help of the Israeli government. The hostility toward Timerman also reflected a lack of understanding as to the meaning of Zionism among many Diaspora Jews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Robert Weltsch and the Paradoxes of Anti-Nationalist Nationalism.
- Author
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Vogt, Stefan
- Subjects
- *
ZIONISTS , *JEWISH nationalism , *NATIONALISM , *HISTORY of Zionism , *BIOGRAPHY (Literary form) - Abstract
This article analyzes the specific version of Zionism developed in Central Europe by examining the life and work of Robert Weltsch. Born in Prague in 1891, Weltsch was the editor of the official journal of the German Zionist federation, the Jüdische Rundschau, from 1919 until 1938. I trace the impact of German nationalist ideology and politics on Weltsch's thinking, arguing that he developed an ambivalent concept of Jewish nationalism that cannot be identified as either ethnic or civic. Weltsch criticized liberal ideology and affirmed völkisch ideas of national community while rejecting national chauvinism and embracing universal humanity. Weltsch's Zionism was an attempt to fulfill the cultural aspirations of völkisch nationalism and yet to avoid its political consequences. His ideas remained an unsolved contradiction and, though supported by many German Zionists, were thus not able to shape the politics of the Zionist movement and the political reality in Palestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Ahron Marcus: Portrait of a Zionist Hasid.
- Author
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Shanes, Joshua
- Subjects
- *
HASIDISM , *JEWISH identity , *ZIONISTS , *BIOGRAPHY (Literary form) - Abstract
Ahron Marcus (1843-1916), a committed Hasid and an active player in the early Zionist movement until his withdrawal in late 1900, developed a form of Jewish identity and politics that combined his Hasidic piety with deep adoration for Theodor Herzl and political Zionism, precisely at the moment that Orthodoxy was closing its ranks against the Zionist movement. This article gathers a wide range of sources on Marcus, particularly his Zionist-supported newspaper and nearly two dozen surviving letters between Marcus and Herzl, to establish the history and development of this Zionist and to consider its implications for the history of Zionism and political Orthodoxy. I argue that Marcus's attempt to link political Zionism with Hasidic Orthodoxy both theologically and politically-by uniting the Zionist Organization with major Hasidic leaders while remaining within traditional society-was an intriguing exploration of Jewish identity beyond the existing typologies of eastern European Jewry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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30. "The Strange Fact That the State of Israel Exists": The Cold War Liberals Between Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism.
- Author
-
Hacohen, Malachi Haim
- Subjects
- *
ANTI-communist movements , *JEWISH nationalism , *COLD War, 1945-1991 , *ZIONISM , *COSMOPOLITANISM - Abstract
The Cold War liberals constituted a cosmopolitan anticommunist intelligentsia. Many of them were of Jewish origin, so they had to negotiate between their European homelands, Jewish nationalism, and cosmopolitan ideals. Out of their national dilemmas emerged novel visions of liberal pluralism, but the tensions between liberalism and nationalism were also a source for ambiguities and, occasionally, blunders. This article focuses on five intellectuals, illustrating the spectrum of positions on the Jewish Question among West European Cold War liberals: Raymond Aron (1905-83), the French patriot; Isaiah Berlin (1909-98), the liberal pluralist; Karl Popper (1902- 94), the cosmopolitan anti-Zionist; Manes Sperber (1905-84), the Jewish cosmopolitan; and Jacob Talmon (1916-80), the Zionist. Increasingly identifying themselves as Jewish, timidly promoting a Jewish agenda, and recognizing a stake in the Zionist project, the Cold War liberals reflect a major transformation in the identities of the West European Jewish intelligentsia in the aftermath of the Holocaust and Israel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Richard Wagner's "Jewish Music": Antisemitism and Aesthetics in Modern Jewish Culture.
- Author
-
Loeffler, James
- Subjects
- *
MUSIC & antisemitism , *ANTISEMITISM , *NATIONALISM in music , *JEWISH musicians , *ANTISEMITISM in literature , *CULTURAL property - Abstract
This article examines the reactions of late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century European Jewish musicians to Richard Wagner's classic antisemitic essay, Judaism in Music." The voluminous debates about Wagner's antisemitism have overshadowed the question of his essay's impact on Jewish musicians and Jewish musical identity. Strikingly, two of the key intellectual architects of the concept of modern Jewish music, Lazare Saminsky and Abraham Tzvi Idelsohn, embraced selective aspects of Wagner's myth even as they called for a new kind of Jewish musical nationalism. Recovering their responses to Wagner helps explain the role of antisemitism in the formation of modern Jewish musical aesthetics and cultural nationalism in the Russian Empire and Ottoman Palestine. The article concludes with a discussion of the lingering questions of Wagner's appeal and controversy among contemporary American and Israeli Jews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Jews of Three Colors: The Path to Modernity in the Ladino Press at the Turn of the Twentieth Century.
- Author
-
Borovaya, Olga
- Subjects
- *
SEPHARDIM , *ZIONISM , *JEWISH newspapers , *JEWISH history -- 1789-1945 , *JEWS , *INTELLECTUAL life , *OTTOMAN Empire ,SOCIAL conditions in Turkey - Abstract
The Alliance Israélite Universelle schools established in the Ottoman Empire in the 1870s propagated among their students the ideas of Franco-Judaism and the European model of Jewish existence. This was the only modern Jewish ideology available to Sephardim until the late 1890s, when new historical circumstances gave rise to the Zionist movement. Sephardi intellectuals were now forced to choose between the two models of emancipation advocated by their European coreligionists. Because Zionism was banned in the Ottoman Empire, the Ladino press could not embrace or even reject it openly. Nevertheless, Sephardi journalists found ways of doing both in the pages of their periodicals, camouflaging their polemics under various disguises. This article uncovers some of the hidden debates in the Ladino press at the turn of the twentieth century by analyzing accounts of the Viennese, Chinese, Ethiopian, and Russian Jewish communities published by the prominent Salonican journalist Sam Lévy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
33. Jewish-Israeli Poetry, Dahlia Ravikovitch, and the Gender of Representation.
- Author
-
Tsamir, Hamutal
- Subjects
- *
POETRY (Literary form) , *ISRAELI literature , *POETS , *ZIONISM , *ISRAELI poetry , *FEMINISM , *JEWISH social life & customs , *JEWS - Abstract
This article attempts to explain the particular position of Dahlia Ravikovitch among her fellow poets of the Statehood Generation (1950s-1960s) and in Israeli literature in general—namely, the triangular connection between poetics, gender, and canon in the young Israeli-Hebrew culture. I argue that the founding of the nation-state instigated far-reaching changes in the life, structure, and symbolic identity of the nation, and it is in light of these changes that Israeli culture should be analyzed. The main change was the death of constitutive Zionist desire, by which the nation underwent several shifts, one of which was from a masculine to a feminine symbolic identity. Reading Ravikovitch's poem "Dyokan yehudi" and connecting it to other poems, I argue that, in this "feminine" stage of the nation, she fills the previously masculine function of the national poet (and the poet-prophet). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
34. Belated Zionism: The Cinematographic Exiles of Mikhail Kalik.
- Author
-
Katsnelson, Anna Wexler
- Subjects
- *
ZIONISM , *CINEMATOGRAPHY , *SOVIET Jews , *JEWISH identity , *FILMMAKERS , *IDEOLOGY , *MOTION pictures , *JEWISH nationalism - Abstract
This article reexamines the complexities and difficulties associated with the formation of an Israeli identity and an Israeli life among the Soviet Jews who made aliyah in Israel of the 1970s through the prism of immigrant cinematography. I focus on the career of Mikhail Kalik, a celebrated Soviet filmmaker who immigrated to Israel in 1971, as representative of misdirected expectations. Reframing the historical moment of Kalik's repatriation, I suggest that his motivation, a uniquely 1970s Soviet Jewish identity construct that hinged on discursive belatedness—was no longer in sync with Israeli society and was thus his undoing. A close reading of Kalik's two post-immigration films, Shloshah ve-ahat (The Three and the One) and I vozzvraschiasetsia veter (And the Wind Returneth), reveals their paradoxical aesthetic dependence on socialist-realism as a means of delivering an ideologically inflected message, as well as their ultimately damaging misreading of the new host society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
35. Amos Oz's A Tale of Love and Darkness and the Sabra Myth.
- Author
-
Kaplan, Eran
- Subjects
- *
ISRAELI literature , *CULTURAL landscapes , *ASHKENAZIM , *DIASPORA , *COSMOPOLITANISM ,ISRAELI history ,SABRA (Lebanon : Refugee camp) - Abstract
Since the 1960s, when he emerged as one of the main literary voices of a new generation of Israeli writers, Amos Oz came to represent, both in his writings and in his public persona, the quintessential Sabra: the native-born Israeli. Oz was resolute and confident but also contemplative and sensitive. He became one of the main voices of Israel's peace camp, but he was also a believer in Israel's historical mission. A Tale of Love and Darkness, Oz's memoir from 2003, has presented a profoundly different image of Amos Oz. Instead of the virile, confident Sabra, we encounter a boy whose world was shaped not only by Jerusalem of the 1940s but also by the Jewish experience in Eastern Europe. Oz as he emerges from A Tale of Love and Darkness is no longer the proud kibbutznik holding a plow in one hand and a pen in the other but an Ashkenazi Jew who seems to be haunted by the complexes and fears that his parents and grandparents brought with them from the Diaspora. In an Israel now cosmopolitan and technologically advanced yet also more fractured, tribal, and diverse, A Tale of Love and Darkness offers a personal historical account that forgoes the grand national narrative which informed so much of Oz's earlier fiction as well as his nonfiction writing. The memoir presents Oz as the voice of a particular group (secular Ashkenazim), which was once a dominant force in Israeli society but which, in recent years, finds itself to be one of many groups in an ever expanding Israeli cultural landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
36. Zionism, Emigration, and Antisemitism in Trieste: Central Europe's "Gateway to Zion," 1896-1943.
- Author
-
Hametz, Maura
- Subjects
- *
ANTISEMITISM , *ZIONISM , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *FASCISTS , *SUSPICION , *PERSECUTION of Jews - Abstract
In the early twentieth century, as Trieste was transforming from a Habsburg entrepôt to an Italian port, the small but influential Jewish community fostered the development of the city as a "gateway to Zion," an outlet for Jewish emigration to Palestine. Though little interested in a Jewish homeland for themselves, the Jews of Trieste supported Zionist efforts as a philanthropic responsibility and also for pragmatic reasons linked to Italian aspirations in the Mediterranean. As Central European Jewish emigration through the port increased, particularly after the rise of Nazism in Germany, the historically tolerant climate for Triestine Jews eroded, and their Italian national allegiances were questioned. Suspicion of Zionism, well established in Fascism, transformed into anti-Jewish attitudes. After Italy's promulgation of racial laws in 1938, Jews' engagement in emigration networks that had become a political liability allowed native Triestine Jews a means of escape from Fascist persecution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
37. Building a Zion in German(y): Franz Rosenzweig on Yehudah Halevi.
- Author
-
Benjamin, Mara
- Subjects
- *
ZIONISM , *GERMAN Jews , *INTELLECTUALS , *JEWISH literature , *DISCOURSE , *TRANSLATING of poetry , *HYMNS - Abstract
Among the diverse positions on the question of Zionism held by early-twentieth-century German Jewish intellectuals is the eccentric ‘non-Zionist’ stance of Franz Rosenzweig (1886-1929). In a translation and commentary called Sixty Hymns and Poems of Yehudah Halevi (1924; 2nd ed. 1927), Rosenzweig aimed to contribute to and shift the discourse concerning Jewish distinctiveness and belonging in German culture. Critical in this effort was Rosenzweig's attention to the scriptural and liturgical elements of Yehudah Halevi's poetry, which he argued were emblematic of Jewish literary and textual culture. The structure, poetic choices, and commentary of Hymns and Poems, a volume long overlooked in Rosenzweig's oeuvre, is properly understood as a sustained meditation on Jewish diasporic life and the role of textuality in preserving it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The Nation Revised: Teaching the Jewish Past in the Zionist Present (1890-1913).
- Author
-
Porat, Dan A.
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY , *JEWISH history , *ZIONISM , *REPRESENTATION (Philosophy) , *ZIONISTS , *NATIONALISM , *EDUCATION , *TEXTBOOKS , *ENLIGHTENMENT , *LANGUAGE & languages - Abstract
This article discusses the representation of history in the first textbooks of Jewish history published in Palestine under the influence of the Zionist movement. Three different historical representations of the nation are discussed: the national-religious (Jawitz), the political-Zionist (Ben-Yehudah), and the cultural-Zionist (Azar and Braunstein). The different historical representations of Jewish history differ significantly from the representation of history in textbooks published in the Enlightenment period, among other things in the use of language and historical periodization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Russian-Zionist Cultural Cooperation, 1916-18: Leib Jaffe and the Russian Intelligentsia.
- Author
-
Horowitz, Brian
- Subjects
- *
ZIONISTS , *RUSSIAN authors , *RUSSIAN poets , *PERIODICALS , *ZIONISM , *RUSSIAN literature , *RUSSIANS , *UTOPIAS in literature , *AUTHORSHIP collaboration - Abstract
This article examines the unique interaction of Zionists and Russia's elite writers and poets in the creation of the journal "Sborniki safrut." In the revolutionary years 1917-19, a genuine interpenetration of Jewish and Russian culture occurred; writers and thinkers found common ground on the basis of utopian urges, demands for political justice, literary collaboration, and a rethinking of Christian-Jewish relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Heroic Conduct: Homoeroticism and the Creation of Modern, Jewish Masculinities.
- Author
-
Peleg, Yaron
- Subjects
- *
MASCULINITY , *GAY erotica , *EROTICA & religion , *ZIONISM , *ZIONISTS , *HEBREW authors , *HOMOSEXUALITY , *GAY men , *JUDAISM - Abstract
This article reexamines Daniel Boyarin's assertion regarding the masculinization of Jewish culture during the early stages of Zionism. Although it supports the claim that Zionists wished to create a more masculine Jew, it refutes Boyarin's argument about the queer or homosexual anxiety that accompanied the process. By looking at a variety of literary texts from the past century, the article shows how Hebrew authors were oblivious to the equation of Jewishness with homosexuality. In addition, it shows the endurance of the masculinization model in the way that contemporary gay literature in Israel has adopted it in reverse—by seeking to normalize Israeli gay men through masculine, military associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. In Search of a Critical Voice in the Jewish Diaspora: Homelessness and Home in Edward Said and Shalom Noah Barzofsky's "Netivot Shalom."
- Author
-
Magid, Shaul
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMICS , *ZIONISM , *JEWISH law , *ANTISEMITISM , *SOVEREIGNTY , *DIASPORA , *HUMAN geography , *JEWS , *PHILOSEMITISM - Abstract
The article focuses on the economy of the dichotomies formulated in the early years of the Zionist movement, including center/periphery, home/homelessness, power/powerlessness and sovereignty/antisemitism. In addition, it is suggested that these dichotomies are ideologically driven to maintain a hierarchy whereby the contemporary Diaspora is permanently relegated to a subservient role in contemporary Jewish history. Furthermore, these dichotomies also contribute to a virtual identity crisis among many Diaspora Jews in terms of what the Diaspora means after the establishment of the state and what the Diaspora signifies outside of its relationship with the state.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. America, Mordecai Kaplan & the Postwar Jewish Youth Revolt.
- Author
-
Prell, Riv-Ellen
- Subjects
- *
AMERICAN Jews , *CIVILIZATION , *ZIONISM - Abstract
The article discusses the concept of Jewish writer Mordecai M. Kaplan of an American-Jewish culture that can exist amidst the reality between American and Jewish civilizations in the U.S. In his diary dated December 1918, Kaplan expresses trouble of mind on having conversation with American federation of Zionists executive secretary Jacob De Haas regarding the establishing of a Jewish community in Palestine. He longed to live someday in his homeland but is distressed in the idea of ingratitude towards America who has offered him shelter and freedom. His view has been contrasted to the option presented by Mary Antin in her 1912 memoir "The Promised Land" who suggests annihilating Judaism. Kaplan in his book "Judaism as a Civilization" offers the term cultural hyphenism.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Between Perspectives of Space: A Reading in Yehuda Amichai's "Jewish Travel" and "Israeli Travel".
- Author
-
Shemtov, Vered
- Subjects
- *
JEWS , *JEWISH identity , *GROUP identity , *JEWISH nationalism , *ZIONISM - Abstract
This article focuses on the success of the Zionist movement in creating a Jewish identity that bridges the gap between physical and mental space. In the introduction to "A Historical Atlas of the Jewish People," Eli Barnavi claims that the Jewish consciousness constantly shifts between awareness of physical spaces. There have been growing tendencies to view Israeli culture as reflecting a tension between a nomad and a native's identity.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Transhistorical Encounters in the Land of Israel: On Symbolic Bridges, National Memory, and the Literary Imagination.
- Author
-
Zerubavel, Yael
- Subjects
- *
CHILDREN'S literature , *ANTHOLOGIES , *HEBREW literature , *AUTHORS , *ZIONISM - Abstract
This article focuses on children's tales that were published in Hebrew textbooks and holiday anthologies for young children in Israel. These tales represent a new literary trend that began in Zionist circles in Europe. The analysis is based on 10 legendary texts written by known Hebrew writers and teachers. The writers' participation in the mnemonic socialization of the youth stemmed from a strong sense of mission to pass on to them the unique precepts of the Zionist construction of the Jewish past.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Children of the Revolution: Communism, Zionism, and the Berman Brothers.
- Author
-
Shore, Marci
- Subjects
- *
REVOLUTIONS , *COMMUNISM , *ZIONISM - Abstract
The article sheds light on the children of revolution in the backdrop of communism, Zionism, and Adolf and Jakub Berman. In the late 1940s, Jakub Berman, one of a triumvirate of Stalinist leaders in postwar Poland, found himself in Russia dancing with Russia premier Joseph Stalin's foreign minister, Vyacheslav Mob Toy. They were dancing. Just at the moment when Jakub was dancing with Molotov at Stalin's party, his younger brother Adolf, a Marxist-Zionist leader, was in Warsaw moving only vaguely more gracefully between the communists and the Zionist Left in a sad, desperate bid to preserve their wartime closeness.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. "…Will Issue Forth from Zion"?: The Emergence of a Jewish National Culture in Palestine and the Dynamics of Yishuv-Diaspora Relations.
- Author
-
Saposnik, Arieh Bruce
- Subjects
- *
JEWISH nationalism , *JEWISH diaspora , *JEWISH migrations , *JEWISH refugees , *RESTORATION of the Jews , *NONCITIZENS , *ZIONISM , *JEWISH identity - Abstract
The article presents information on the emergence of the Jewish national culture in Palestine. It informs about the dynamics of Yishuv sector and the Jewish Diaspora. The interwar period that caused tensions in Palestine and the Jewish world and it caused many other social and political developments. It reflects that the Zionist thought implies a radical transformation in the relationship between the Jewish Diaspora and the projected Jewish center in Palestine and the undoing of exile became the goal of this movement. It envisioned the complete elimination of Jewish Diaspora. But at the same time the Diaspora is no longer suffer the ailments of exile due to the demographic changes. These changes underscores the implications for the nature of Jewishness in the modern world. More over the Diaspora itself was undergoing dramatic political, economic and demographic changes. The Jews once being a small group of emigrants in the Ottoman Palestine started making their impact felt in the entire land and their movement began to emerge as a nascent national entity with an identifiable culture.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Transmitting Jewish Culture: Radio in Israel.
- Author
-
Penslar, Derek Jonathan
- Subjects
- *
ZIONISM , *MASS media , *JEWS , *JOURNALISM , *NATIONALISM , *CULTURE , *PATRIOTISM , *JEWISH nationalism , *JUDAISM & state - Abstract
The article presents a research on the influence of the electronic media on Jewish culture. It reflects on the role of the Palestine Broadcast Service in inventing Hebrew radio, which paved the way for creating awareness about the Jewish culture among the people. The radio has done a role in transmitting Jewish culture. The trend was common in the western world during a period between the two World Wars of the twentieth century. In these period the cultural systems of the western world were challenged by radio, along with cinema. This change has given concerns to Zionist project also. Like other nationalist movements in the mid-twentieth century in the growth of this movement also the radio played an important role. The leaders used radio as a tool for the nationalization of the masses. The founders of Hebrew broadcasting in Palestine treated radio as an equal partner to journalism and formal education. in Radio was also meant to be a source of general social and scientific knowledge. They were aiming to establish a radio net work in the western world to unite their people starting the Hebrew broadcasting in Palestine and then in the state of Israel.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A Typological Study of English Zionists.
- Author
-
Black, Eugene C.
- Subjects
- *
ZIONISM , *ZIONISTS , *LEADERSHIP , *JEWISH nationalism , *JUDAISM & state , *JEWISH diaspora - Abstract
This article analyzes English Zionist leadership by examining three sequential problems: mobilizing political Zionism; the effort to capture Anglo-Jewish communal institutions; and the transition from ideology to pragmatism. English Zionism, given the collective quality of its leadership, needed more than its share of good luck. The hard core of the ideologically committed remained very small. English Zionist leaders resembled their non- and anti-Zionist peers in most respects. Zionist leaders evoked an ideology that asserted a fundamental incompatibility of Jew and Diaspora culture.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Between Universalism and Particularism: The Origins of the Philosophy Department at Hebrew University and the Zionist Project.
- Author
-
Gordon, Neve and Motzkin, Gabriel
- Subjects
- *
JEWISH philosophy , *ZIONISM , *PHILOSOPHY , *NATION building , *ZIONISTS , *JEWISH nationalism , *JEWS - Abstract
The article discusses the relationship between the Zionist project of nation-building and the establishment of the first philosophy department at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Discussions focused on the opposing conceptions concerning the central mission of Zionism and the disagreement regarding the appropriate framework within which the battle for independence should take place. Moreover, suggestions were given regarding the role of philosophy and the department in the nation-building project.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Preface to the Study of Modern Jewish Political Thought.
- Author
-
Cohen, Mitchell
- Subjects
- *
POLITICAL science , *JEWISH nationalism , *JEWISH diaspora , *JEWISH migrations , *ZIONISM , *JEWS , *ZIONISTS , *JEWISH socialists - Abstract
The article presents an introduction to the study of modern Jewish political thought. Modern Jewish political thought began in Diaspora where two events have marked its emergence, the pogroms of 1881 and the Dreyfus Affair. Early Zionist socialists used the ideal of Hebrew labor to dominate Jewish through the creation of a distinct and labor-oriented infrastructure for immigrant absorption. Some Zionists also built an institutional network in Palestine in the 1920's which comprised an array of economic enterprises, banks, labor exchanges, health care and education systems.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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