1. Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Gene Expression and Protein Levels in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- Author
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Aleksandra Stefanović, Miron Sopić, Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska, Marija Mihajlovic, Jelena Munjas, Dragana Bojanin, Jelena Vekic, Ana Ninic, and Tatjana Milenkovic
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,endocrine system diseases ,type 1 diabetes ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Down-Regulation ,quantitative polymerase chain reaction ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RAGE (receptor) ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Endocrinology ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Glycation ,Quantitative polymerase chain reaction ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,transforming growth factor-β1 ,Autoimmune disease ,Type 1 diabetes ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Insulin ,Urinary albumin excretion rate ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,medicine.disease ,urinary albumin excretion rate ,receptor for advanced glycation end products ,3. Good health ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Original Article ,Female ,Receptor for advanced glycation end products ,Transforming growth factor-β1 ,business - Abstract
Objective: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) mellitus is one of the most frequent autoimmune diseases in childhood. Chronic complications are the main causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in T1D. Although interactions between advanced glycation end products (AGE) and their receptors (RAGE) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) are implicated in development and progression of diabetic micro-and macro-vascular complications, they also have important roles in immune system regulation. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 156 adolescents with T1D and 80 apparently healthy controls. T1D patients diagnosed with any other autoimmune disease and receiving any kind of drugs except insulin therapy were excluded from this study. Exclusion criteria for controls were positive family history of T1D and drugs/supplements application. TGF-β1 and transmembrane full-length RAGE (flRAGE) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Circulating levels of biochemical markers, TGF-β1 and soluble RAGE (sRAGE) levels were also determined. Results: TGF-β1 and flRAGE mRNA levels were significantly higher in controls compared to patients (p
- Published
- 2021